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    The Picture for Kodak Is Not Pretty

    Eastman Kodak says it has no intention of filing for bankruptcy. Shares of the money losing company are recovering Monday after plummeting 54% on Friday on news that it hired law firm Jones Day - known as bankruptcy and restructuring experts.

    Whether or not they go under, Kodak is a long suffering American icon. The company has not made a profit since 2007 and revenues has dwindled for the last decade. In 2004, the company was removed from the Dow Jones Industrial Average after 74 years on the blue chip index. In 2010, it was removed from the S&P 500.

    Kodak, the maker of photography film for well over a century, once enjoyed 80% market share for film. The firm first started its decline in the 1980's when Japanese competitors like Fuji film took business with lower prices. In fact, as Peter Cohan writes in a recent Forbes column, stiff competition caused Kodak to lay off 19,900 workers in 1999. Another, 4,500 workers were let go in January 2009.

    More than cheap film, the emergence of digital photography is what really killed Kodak's business. Ironically, Kodak invented digital photography back in 1975. Unfortunately, for them, they have not been able to leverage the technology in a profitable way. Memory cards simply don't offer the same kind of margins as film. Today, when people snap away on their smart-phones and post the pics to the Internet, there's no money to be made for Kodak.

    As Aaron Task and Henry Blodget discuss in the accompanying clip, these are rough times for Kodak and its hometown of Rochester, NY. However, this should not be seen as a sign of America's demise.  In fact, this is a sign of a healthy and dynamic economy. Kodak's innovations have been met with newer technologies that benefits a newer generation of innovators such as Microsoft, Google and Apple. One day, these companies too will succumb to newer competitors and technology.

    Was there mismanagement and complacency at Kodak? Probably. Was the acquisition of Sterling Drug for $5.1 billion a poor use of capital? Yes. But in the end, the company was mainly a victim of what economists call 'creative destruction': technology simply changed too much for Kodak to handle.

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    690 comments

    • greg  •  7 months ago
      I live about 45 minutes from Rochester NY where Eastman Kodak is headquartered. It is such a shame that this once industrial giant may soon face bankruptcy. I first started buying Eastman Kodak Stock in the late 1970's. I at that time also did photography work doing wedding photos. I always used Kodak Film. However on week I received a free roll of 35 mm film from a outfit called Fuji based in Japan. I tried it and it was great. I at that point Kodak had serious competition on the horizon. I held back on selling my stock in Kodak because I knew they had developed digital photography and as a professional in the business I had been invited to see the "new wonder" that would eventually replace roll film. In the late 1980's the Board of Directors chose a new Chairman of the Board by the name of Fischer. Mr. Fischer convinced the Board that Kodak had a great many resources and was a company awash in profits. he promised to "deliver more shareholder value" to the stockholders. He at first eliminated about 5000 positions in the Rochester area. Next he took full assessment of Kodak's very profitable side businesses like Great Lakes Chemical, the new and yet unprofitable Kodak Battery business, and about a dozen other smaller and almost hidden gems Kodak had and sold off the most profitable ones. I got a call from a Bear Sterns Broker and wanted me to buy more Kodak. I replied that I did not care to invest anymore money in Kodak. He said Mr. Fischer was a financial Genius and had brought the share price from $40 per share to $80 and it was on it's way up. I said no thank you. My father also a large shareholder and I discussed Mr. Fischer's plan of shareholder value and both of us determined that it was a cannibalization of a great company. We got out at $56 per share. Mr. Fischer continued to insist that further lay offs would be the key to advancing share prices. The last year of Mr. Fischer's tenure as Chairman were marked by a huge news conference that he announce that Kodak would do what it did best and make better roll film. During the press release most of the photographers were using expensive digital cameras, and Mr. Fischer explained because of the huge cost to buy and use digital cameras would garunttee huge sales in roll film. Mr. Fischer was not re-elected the next year to the Board and he left Kodak a greatly disorganized and downsized company that had invented digital photography and was facing severe financial constraints. Over 40,000 people lost good paying and I might add non union jobs and the City of Rochester also began to slide downhill. The lesson to be learned is many CEO's who talk the talk but can't walk the walk continue to destroy great American Companies. What a shame so much was lost due to ineptness.
      • Realist 2011 7 months ago
        Mr. Fischer was your typical corporate vampire like "Chainsaw" Al Dunlap over at Sunbeam Electric. A lot of these guys have psychopathic personalities and revel in the decimation of the corporations they run. Fischer killed Kodak sure enough.
        Corporate oaf.
      • Fred C 7 months ago
        One BIG difference: Kodak is non union. If it were union Fox would be all over it, saying how those evil unions ruined this company. It doesn't fit the narrative.
      • JosephP 7 months ago
        Thanks for the lesson.
    • Nathaniel  •  7 months ago
      I would remind the reader that a guy named George Fisher left Motorola to take the top spot at Kodak. They gave him 1,000,0000 shares and he promptly sold out @$90.00; so he takes $90,000,000 out and leaves the company which he had figured out was not to be saved. The employees got screwed; the stockholders got screwed but Fisher is living the high life for less than two years work. Adam Smith must be laughing at us!
    • Avianca1000  •  7 months ago
      It's too bad. They still have the best 35mm film out there, which is almost obsolete. There digital cameras are a great value but it is hard to compete with bigger fish in the sea ie. Sony, Panasonic,Leica, etc. Its hard to compete with them. Maybe they should start making LED tvs.
      • Oscar 7 months ago
        Kodak makes the sensor for the Leica M9.
      • Muse 7 months ago
        digital is ok--but film is what vinyl is to cd's
      • Jim O 7 months ago
        It's not a matter of competing.....it's a matter of you lousy americans who won't support american companies.........try leaving the jap crap and the chinese poison on the shelf and buy "MADE IN USA"........be a patriot.........keep your neighbor working............wake up america.......you are commiting suicide.........you notice I say "you"..........reason being is I refuse to buy anything imported is I can at all keep from it..........cost be damned..........I will always by american..........
    • Penny Issue  •  7 months ago
      Long gone are the days when you had to 'snd away' or 'hand in' a 'film to be developed. Might take up to two weeks by 'post' , then half of them are 'blurred'. Not now it's all 'digital' , fast , perfect and cheap ( bit like me)
      • Oklahomans proud of Clay ... 7 months ago
        you still take blurred photos you may not print them, But i will bet you 20 there are many photos on your digital record that will never get printed, 20 years from now you will wish you had a print of some of those that are lost forever.
      • jack 7 months ago
        My twenty year old photos are getting faded:(
      • Steve A 7 months ago
        Meh, Facebook will be there forever, and my counter will keep going up (1300+ and growing)
    • Broken today, try again t ...  •  7 months ago
      When any technology company transitions from being run by engineers and sales to accounting & law the beginning of the end is upon them. Oh sure...the accountants cut the fat and the skill to improve the bottom line...temporarily...but eventually after the talent is gone, and the competitors catch up...these same accountants can't justify bringing the talent back. Don't fight it....just exit stage left...
      • Athena 7 months ago
        Let me guess - you were let go by either Kodak or another tech company. I know so many people who got laid off by tech companies and smugly waited to be called back to their jobs when the companies realized they could not get by without their "talent". The companies survived and thrived; the employees were never called back and never moved on.
      • John 7 months ago
        That seems to be happening at Hewlett-Packard
      • Centrist 7 months ago
        Broken is right - but that transition is just the beginning of entrenchment that leads to the anchored-in-concrete conservatism that kills them. No tech. company ever succeeded because they had better accountants.
    • Mr Gray  •  7 months ago
      Momma don't take my Kodachrome awayyyyyyy!
      • Timothy 7 months ago
        Maybe they should take away your reading license.
      • Mr Gray 7 months ago
        Huh?
      • Not 7 months ago
        Kodachrome is already done bro
    • JohnA  •  7 months ago
      I live in Rochester, and most my family has worked at Kodak at one time or another, including myself. The demise has been occuring for 20 years. Most of the cause is decision making. They had the capital early on to invest and become part of the digital revoution, but instead spent thier efforts on fighting it. They tried to make the "advantix" digital camera that used proprietary parts, and methods of printing, etc and the competition killed it. They sold most of thier smaller, more profitable technology companies that they once owned in order to focus on film buisness - in an era when it was clear to most that film was dying. These companies are now flourishing while Kodak is tearing down buildings. The last career fair that I went to at RIT had a booth for fuji, but none for Kodak. The result of a large american corporation that was used to growing without competition. They could never go lean enough to recover.
    • Kathy and Frank  •  7 months ago
      Well I own a Kodak digital camera and love it. It sits in its docking station ready for use at any moment..no worries about charging batteries or carrying extra batteries. I hope Kodak can survive, hate to lose them.
    • KrishanM  •  7 months ago
      Kodak is no longer a dominant employer in Rochester. It employs less than 8,000 people locally , down from over 60,000 in its hey days. Other, more nomble,high tech firms and Univ. of Rochester have filled theVoid left by Kodak and a much smaller Xerox to a lesser extent. Unemployment rate in the Rochester region today is much lower than the National average.
      While it is sad to see Kodak wither away like this, Rochester will survive it.
    • Donald Smith  •  7 months ago
      hope they don't go bust. like to get a kodak printer the next time. their cartridges are about half price compared to hp. anyone have experience with kodak printer?
    • rk  •  7 months ago
      mama don't take my kodachrome away
    • Mask  •  7 months ago
      Sign of changes and the times in a fast pace world of ours... I really hope Kodak can come thought it and get lean and mean again. Good luck......
    • javan p  •  7 months ago
      Wow... they invented the digital camera?? That's like a mouse inventing the mouse trap.
    • Otelio Garcia  •  7 months ago
      AGFA, Fujifilm and Polaroid are down, too.
    • GTBurns  •  7 months ago
      This is no different 100 year ago when that new fangled contraption called a automobile replaced the horse drawn carriage. People who made carriages lost their jobs, most of them went to work to build cars.
    • ken  •  7 months ago
      A company that has had a monopoly or close to a monopoly has a real problem dealing with competition. They don't know how to deal with it. They tend to have arrogance that no one else is around to challenge them.
    • Sherri  •  7 months ago
      kodak makes some of the finest DIGITAL imaging sensors available today. Large format digital cameras use 40, 50, 60, 70 megapixal sensors made by kodak.
    • James  •  7 months ago
      It should be pointed out here that Kodak lost ground not to Chinese companies but to Japanese companies. Today everybody blames China for everything that is wrong with America, when in fact it has been a long term effort on the part of the Japs to bring down America. Anyone here every hear of Fuji, Toyota, Sony, etc?
    • Andrew  •  7 months ago
      This was a pretty good talk about the demise of Kodak. But I do take exception of how they say an iPhone can take better pictures than film. That is complete bunk. Film is still king in many areas that digital can't touch. Digital won because it is much more convenient and cheaper in the long run. It didn't win cause of image quality potential cause film still wins in that regard.
    • judith  •  7 months ago
      I have two of their digitals and memory cards and they develop my photos and mail them and I am sooo sorry. Hopefully they will come up with something to pull them up.

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