By Isabel Sawhill
Economists have long recognized the fact that money illusion plays a role in how people behave. Money illusion is the tendency to evaluate the merits of a transaction based on nominal rather than real values.
In an interesting chapter by Eldar Shafir, Peter Diamond, and Amos Tversky in the path-breaking book, "Choices, Values, and Frames," these authors report on a number of experiments where, when presented with various choices, respondents behave in a way that suggests they are influenced by nominal and not just real values.
Keynes recognized that this was one reason why wages are “sticky” – that is, hard to reduce even when prices are actually falling. If prices are falling and nominal wages are reduced, workers are no worse off than before, but they will still resist any cut in their nominal wage because a loss in dollar terms is still hard to bear.
This tendency of behavior to be influenced by money illusion goes well beyond the reaction of employees to wage
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