How-to Guides

Unless you're among the minority of people who pay cash, you need to quickly become an informed consumer on the subject of financing if you're considering buying a new car. For most new-car buyers, one of the biggest costs of purchasing a new car is interest on the loan that makes the purchase possible. But there are a variety of ways to finance a car, and knowing your options can help save you money.
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Just as you want to pay the best price for a car, you should also comparison shop for the best deal on a car loan. And the ideal time to shop for a car loan is before you shop for a car.

Getting your loan preapproved before you start looking for a car is like shopping with cash. You can drive the car right off the lot -- no more waiting for the loan to be approved and disbursed and taking the check back to the dealer. In most cases the loan can be approved by your lender in a couple of days.
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All lenders are not alike. You can save hundreds of dollars by shopping around to find the best financing deal. Before you sign anything, talk with several lending institutions so you'll know their current loan rates. Then see if a dealer can give you a better rate.

And even if you get a low loan rate, perhaps a promotional rate, watch out when the financing salesperson starts selling. You probably don't need the extra life insurance, extra accident or health insurance, or extra protection for their rustproofing and undercoating.
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Convenience is the word here. With many car companies having their own lending affiliates like GMAC (General Motors Acceptance Corporation) you can choose a car and a loan in one application process. The process is usually quicker than applying for a bank loan, and dealers are more likely than banks to qualify buyers with less-than-perfect credit ratings. They also usually help customers with special needs, like first-time buyers and recent college graduates. Best of all, car companies sometimes offer low-rate promotional financing on certain models. (But don't expect discount financing on popular models.) The downside? Dealer financing can be more expensive, particularly for poorly informed buyers. (Dealers can sometimes make as much on the financing as on the sale itself!)

Negotiate the car's price before you talk about the terms of a loan, so the dealer can't hike the car's price to give you a lower-rate loan. Even if you get low dealer financing rates of 2% to 5%, there's a catch: these loans are usually short term. Since many must be repaid in 24 months, monthly payments can be steep.
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Banks and credit unions usually offer set, nonnegotiable rates, often less expensive than dealer financing. (They are also less likely to push the unnecessary expense of credit life insurance, which ensures that the loan will be paid off if you die prematurely.) Membership credit unions that offer auto loans typically offer lower rates than banks and finance companies. But finance companies -- often the most expensive of all -- may accept borrowers who are greater credit risks.

In 1991, the IRS eliminated the income tax deduction for interest on most personal loans. The major exception is interest on a home equity loan, which is tax deductible on principal up to $100,000 no matter how you spend the money.

Some banks now offer "tax-smart" loans to give back the car-loan deduction to consumers. A tax-smart loan combines the ease of a regular auto loan with the tax deductibility of a home equity loan. With a tax-smart loan, you do not have to go through the closing procedures and expense required by a regular home equity loan. And you can usually borrow up to 100% of the equity in your home. Unlike a regular home equity loan, the primary collateral on a tax-smart loan is the automobile. To earn the tax benefit, a lien is placed on the home as well.

While tax-smart loans may be smart for the bank that offers them, they may not be such a great deal for the borrower. A tax-smart loan is safe for a bank to make: it has the security collateral of both your car and your house. The bank usually charges the same interest rate on a tax-smart loan as on a regular auto loan, which could be significantly more than the rate charged on a home equity loan.

Not only are you tying up the equity in your car and home for this loan, the savings you realize on the tax deduction may be less than the money you save with a lower-rate loan.
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Another option is to borrow at an attractive interest rate, with a flexible repayment plan, against a securities portfolio, passbook savings account, or a cash value life insurance policy.
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If you take out a loan for a car, get the shortest payback time you can comfortably handle. While monthly payments can be reduced by stretching them out over more time, only a lower interest rate, a smaller loan, or a shorter term will lower the total expense.

A $15,000 loan at 8% for five years, for example, will cost $3,240 in interest. You would save $672 if you paid an extra $62 a month for the same size loan over four years. The total interest cost would drop to $2,568.
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