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sAPPalfa in brain injury by Masters
Thanks Pivalde,
Here's something else on that subject.
Red Mold Rice Promotes Neuroprotective sAPPalpha Secretion Instead of Alzheimer’s Risk Factors and Amyloid Beta Expression in Hyperlipidemic Aβ40-Infused Rats
Abstract
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Chun-Lin Lee†, Tzong-Fu Kuo‡, Cheng-Lun Wu§, Jyh-Jye Wang and Tzu-Ming Pan*
† Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, Taitung, Taiwan, Republic of China
‡ Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
§ R&D Division, Sunway Biotechnology Company Limited, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China
Institute of Microbiology and Biochemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
J. Agric. Food Chem., 2010, 58 (4), pp 2230–2238
DOI: 10.1021/jf904027y
Publication Date (Web): January 20, 2010
Copyright © 2010 American Chemical Society
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +886-2-33664519. Fax: +886-2-3366-3838. E-mail: tmpan@ntu.edu.tw.
Section:
Food and Feed Chemistry
Abstract
Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is closely related to the onset of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A high-cholesterol or high-energy diet was demonstrated to stimulate Aβ formation and deposition in the amyloid precursor protein (APP) pathway and, oppositely, downregulate the secretion of the neuroprotective soluble APP α-fragment (sAPPα). Monascus-fermented red mold rice (RMR) including multiple cholesterol-lowering agents, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory agents has been proven to ameliorate Aβ40 infusion-induced memory deficit in our previous study. In this study, the ethanol extract of RMR (RE) and natural RMR were respectively tested for their effect on the mediation of the proteolytic process of APP in cholesterol-treated human neuroblastoma IMR32 cell, as well as their effect on memory and learning ability and the expression of AD risk factors in intracerebroventricular Aβ40-infused hyperlipidemic rats. In the results, RE suppressed cholesterol-raised β-secretase activity and further resulted in the increase of sAPPα secretion in the IMR32 cell. In the animal test, RMR potently reversed the memory deficit in the water maze and passive avoidance tasks. RMR administration could prevent against Aβ40 infusion plus the great damage caused by a high energy diet in hippocampus and cortex involved in the raise of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reactive oxygen species. The neuroprotection provided by RMR downregulates Aβ40 formation and deposition by suppressing the cholesterol-raised β-secretase activity and apolipoprotein E expression, as well as mediates the proteolytic process of APP toward neuroprotective sAPPα secretion in hippocampus.
Red mold rice hmmm, gotta check that out.-
On red mould rice. Looks like wicked stuff.
5 Final evaluation
Red mould rice contains the constituents monacolin K (lovastatin) and citrinin of particular
toxicological relevance, in addition to a large number of other constituents of which the
toxicological relevance is only inadequately known. Monacolin K is a potent agent in
medicines for the lowering of blood cholesterol levels, it should only be administered under
medical supervision. According IARC, there is limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of
citrinin to experimental animals. Citrinin was adequately tested for carcinogenicity in one
strain of male rats by oral administration in the diet; it produced renal tumours. In another
experiment in rats, citrinin was administered in the diet after N-nitrosodimethylamine or N-
(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide; an increased incidence of renal tumours was observed as
compared to that in animals receiving N-nitrosodimethylamine or N-(3,5-
dichlorophenyl)succinimide alone [46]. Generally, basic toxicological data for a safety
evaluation of red mould rice or its constituents are missing. Standards and specifications to
ensure purity and identity as well as the absence of toxic constituents are completely missing.
For the above reasons red mould rice is not suitable for use as a foodstuff/food supplement.
References
[...]
The original
taken from;
http://www.dfg.de/download/pdf/dfg_im_profil/reden_stellungnahmen/2006/sklm_red_rice_en_06.pdf
2sides -
2sides, thanks.
This paper below by Prana scientists 1 y ago is also demonstrating what sAPPalfa does when the function of APP is normalised by PBT2:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21412423
Most of us remember this paper well because the reaction on Wall Street was very powerful.
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