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'All Available Tools': What the Fed's Moves Really Mean

Posted Dec 17, 2008 11:41am EST by Aaron Task in Investing, Recession

After gorging themselves Tuesday, buyers were taking a breather early Wednesday as traders contemplated the true meaning of the Fed's historic announcement.

"The Federal Reserve will employ all available tools to promote the resumption of sustainable economic growth and to preserve price stability," the FOMC said in its statement. "In particular, the Committee anticipates that weak economic conditions are likely to warrant exceptionally low levels of the federal funds rate for some time."

Lowering the fed funds rate to a range of 0% to 0.25% was certainly dramatic and a bolder move than most observers expected. Still, the action codified what was already happening in the markets, i.e., the "effective" fed funds rate was already at zero prior to Tuesday.

"The Fed did acknowledge the quantitative easing policy," said economist Joe Brusuelas.

Fed watchers were more surprised by Ben Bernanke's announcement about the possibility of the Fed buying "large quantities" of mortgage-backed securities, long-term Treasury securities, as well as consumer and small-business loans.

The Fed's goal here is threefold:

  • Reduce the cost of capital in an effort to prevent the economy from totally collapsing.
  • Help homeowners refinance their mortgages to prevent another wave of foreclosures, especially with many Alt-A and option ARM mortgages set to reset in 2009, 2010 and 2011. The average rate on a 30-year fixed mortgage dipped to 5.01% on Tuesday, Reuters reports.
  • Avoid the mistakes of policymakers in the 1930s, when the Fed didn't act aggressively enough to combat the global economy downturn.

Tuesday's announcement was "a basic commitment of the Fed to fight any breakout of deflation with everything they got," Brusuelas said.

Bernanke's certainly gets high marks for acting aggressively (once he realized the subprime issue wasn't "contained") as well as creatively. The strength in the stock market Tuesday and recent decline in mortgage rates — in conjunction with falling Treasury yields — suggests the Fed's policies are having a positive affect, at least on sentiment. (Never mind those fears of a dollar collapse.)

But Japan's policymakers have also tried, unsuccessfully, all kinds of stimuli to reinvigorate their economy since their real estate bubble burst in 1989, as the WSJ detailed.

Furthermore, the problem here at home isn't the level of rates, but the fact consumers have too much debt and banks made too many bad loans. The Fed can make money free, but that doesn't mean people will feel compelled to borrow or lend it.

122 Comments

__A_YAHOO_USER__
__A_YAHOO_USER__ - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:01PM EST

IF YOU CAN TURN THE ECONOMY BETTER IT IS OKAY BUT YOU MADE A MESS FOR SO LONG......EVEN IF YOU DO.... IT'S TOO LATE YOU WILL BE RE-PLACE ANYHOW WHO IS MUCH MORE BETTER THAN YOU.........YES THE ECONOMY WILL TURN BETTER NOT IN YOUT TIME PROBABLY WHEN YOU BEEN FIRED NEXT JANUARY 2009.....BYE.....WHAT IS THEN YOUR NEW YEAR RESOLUTION BEFORE YOU LEFT.....ADIOS AMIGO LOCO........

thomasromancer
thomasromancer - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:03PM EST

Whahoo... inject money so that nobody can tell how healthy and competitive any business really is. Welcome to Disneyland. In the magic kingdom you can just invest anything and it will seem like all is magical. Until you wake up that is.

thomasromancer
thomasromancer - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:05PM EST

Whahoo... inject money so that nobody can tell how healthy and competitive any business really is. Welcome to Disneyland. In the magic kingdom you can just invest anything and it will seem like all is magical. Until you wake up that is.

david
david - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:06PM EST

Maybe instead of encouraging consumer debt during this time, we should let the market correct itself to a point where people can survive on their incomes. Could we become an income-spending society instead of a debt-incurring society? Would it be worth it - or in the long run would we all be dead?

SHERIF
SHERIF - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:11PM EST

هاااااااااااااااااى

david
david - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:11PM EST

Maybe instead of encouraging consumer debt spending, we should let the market correct itself to a point where people can survive on their incomes. Could we become an income-spending society instead of a debt-incurring society? Would it be worth it to switch the trend - or in the long run would we all be dead?

Jake
Jake - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:13PM EST

pardon me, but I take issue with the last paragraph. If money is free, I will feel compelled to borrow it.

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:16PM EST

Damned if they do and damned if they don't...

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:17PM EST

The Fed is a private cartel whose sole purpose is to enrich the participants on WS. Congress needs to wrest control back from this organization. Stop spending tax payer money and charging interest on it. Let the markets correct themselves. The Fed is out to reward the greedy and irresponsible.

Domino
Domino - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:17PM EST

To quote SNL, "Fix it!" Those D.C. guys are smarter than me so just FIX IT !

you
- Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:18PM EST

Crank up the printing presses. What it really means is that the FED can't get the banks to loosen their grip on the 700 billion dollars that thay stole from the American tax payer. The banks did exactly what those who argued against the bail out said they would, held on to the money and won't at least give the American public a reach arround.

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:22PM EST

test

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:24PM EST

Can anybody say "Weimar Republic".

__A_YAHOO_USER__
__A_YAHOO_USER__ - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:26PM EST

so does this mean the FED will let the markets correct themselves? No more bailouts !!! Now the auto parts makers are looking for a bailout. When does this end?

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:27PM EST

The real issue at hand is that the Banks are not participating! They are hoarding the money. The quickest way to get out of this recession is to mandate the banks to charge no more than 2% above what they receive the funds for. This would allow people to refinance at a lower rate and thus have more disposable income to spend. The second thing is to set a limit on what credit card companies can charge. If in the private sector anything above 10% is considered usery, then why is 25% plus in the buisness sector allowed. Simple fact is that GREED is why we are in this mess. We need to get back to basic principles as to what is fair and just.

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:29PM EST

Printing money won't "Fix It". Which is the only tool they have left. The market will "Fix" itself if left alone. If the market is "Fixed" any other way it is a "Fixed" (manipulated) market. Not for me. I'm staying out.

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:32PM EST

Instead of printing money, the Fed should print leaflets telling us how to put our heads between our legs and kiss our asses goodbye.

you
Yahoo! Finance User - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:32PM EST

Congress won't stop the private Cartel because they are in bed with them! We no longer have "government of the people, by the people and for the people" and haven't had this for some time. In my community the response to the high rate of crime by the local Democrat controlled commission was to create another govn. position instead of doing the obvious which was to fund the DA's office. Corruption and waste are everywhere and sooner or later the USA will implode!

John H
John H - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:33PM EST

The money business in this country has never been truthful upfront. Who is the true beneficiary when the banking system supports refinancing? The answer is the banks. All they are doing is allowing the consumer to keep something they can't afford. So in the end the banks don't have to write down the value of another property which effects their bottom line. The fractional reserve banking system in this country is just another form of a leveraged investment and as we know, and have recently seen, a leveraged investment will cut both ways. This country will never be financially well until the economy is allowed to revalue itself without government interference. It will be very painful experience but a free market adjustment will be much quicker than the prolonging policies that are being put in place and the egregious sins of our leaders will come to light so that the citizens will know what to fight in the future. I have come to understand one thing about the government - when the citizens fail to control the government the government will control the citizens.

John H
John H - Wednesday December 17, 2008 12:35PM EST

The money business in this country has never been truthful upfront. Who is the true beneficiary when the banking system supports refinancing? The answer is the banks. All they are doing is allowing the consumer to keep something they can't afford. So in the end the banks don't have to write down the value of another property which effects their bottom line. The fractional reserve banking system in this country is just another form of a leveraged investment and as we know, and have recently seen, a leveraged investment will cut both ways. This country will never be financially well until the economy is allowed to revalue itself without government interference. It will be very painful experience but a free market adjustment will be much quicker than the prolonging policies that are being put in place and the egregious sins of our leaders will come to light so that the citizens will know what to fight in the future. I have come to understand one thing about the government - when the citizens fail to control the government the government will control the citizens.

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