Market Value of U.S. Common Stock Soars to Record-High 185% of GDP (Capital Market Research) (Weekly Market Outlook)
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="" xml:lang=""> <head> <title>Market Value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Common Stock Soars to Record-High 185% of GDP</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <meta name="generator" content="pdftohtml 0.36"/> <meta name="author" content="John Lonski"/> <meta name="keywords" content=""/> <meta name="date" content="2021-01-14T16:22:28+00:00"/> <meta name="subject" content="January 9 s unexpectedly steep jump by initial state unemployment claims reminded us of the considerable loss of business activity to COVID-19-inspired shutdowns be they voluntary or forced. By itself, the sufficient adoption of COVID-19 vaccinations may be enough to supply a powerful short-term spur to business activity. Adding unprecedented monetary stimulus and additional fiscal stimulus to a vaccine-driven suppression of COVID-19-related risks strongly favors annual increases of at least 6% for nominal GDP and 10% for core pretax profits in 2021. Nevertheless, the possibly more stringent regulation of business activity and higher Treasury bond yields could offset the spur to expenditures delivered by additional fiscal stimulus. The Fed may need to prevent Treasury bond yields from rising to levels that impede the realization of full employment. Conceivably, the Fed might step up its buying of Treasury bonds in order to maximize the impact of fiscal stimulus."/> <style type="text/css"> <!-- .xflip { -moz-transform: scaleX(-1); -webkit-transform: scaleX(-1); -o-transform: scaleX(-1); transform: scaleX(-1); filter: fliph; } .yflip { -moz-transform: scaleY(-1); -webkit-transform: scaleY(-1); -o-transform: scaleY(-1); transform: scaleY(-1); filter: flipv; } .xyflip { -moz-transform: scaleX(-1) scaleY(-1); -webkit-transform: scaleX(-1) scaleY(-1); -o-transform: scaleX(-1) scaleY(-1); transform: scaleX(-1) scaleY(-1); filter: fliph + flipv; } --> </style> </head> <body bgcolor="#A0A0A0" vlink="blue" link="blue"> <!-- Page 1 --> <a name="1"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft00{font-size:10px;font-family:Times;color:#ffffff;} .ft01{font-size:10px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft02{font-size:25px;font-family:Times;color:#0090c5;} .ft03{font-size:11px;font-family:Times;color:#ffffff;} 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style="position:absolute;top:1140px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:241px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft02"><b>WEEKLY  </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:272px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft02"><b>MARKET OUTLOOK </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:32px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft03"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:48px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:63px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:78px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:94px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:109px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:124px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:139px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:155px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:170px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:185px;left:51px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:24px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:38px;left:549px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1077px;left:39px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Moody’s Analytics markets and distributes all Moody’s Capital Markets Research, Inc. materials. Moody’s <org>Capital Markets Research, Inc.</org> is a subsidiary of Moody’s Corporation. Moody’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1091px;left:39px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Analytics does not provide investment advisory services or products. For further detail, please see the last page. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:48px;left:984px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft06"><i> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:130px;left:1088px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:130px;left:1131px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:130px;left:1179px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">   </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:146px;left:1087px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">     </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:146px;left:1207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:161px;left:1069px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:161px;left:1143px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:161px;left:1193px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:70px;left:1022px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:224px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft08">Market Value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Common Stock Soars to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:260px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft08">Record-High 185% of GDP </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:295px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft027"> <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:319px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft010"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#1">Credit Markets Review and Outlook</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:321px;left:565px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft011"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#1">  </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:320px;left:572px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft012">by John Lonski </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:340px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Market Value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Common Stock Soars to Record-High 185% of GDP </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:363px;left:718px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">»</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:362px;left:729px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:364px;left:766px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">FULL STORY PAGE  2 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:387px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft010"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#7">The Week Ahead</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:387px;left:424px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft013"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#7"> </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:407px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">We preview economic reports and forecasts from the US, <location value="LC/gb" idsrc="xmltag.org" >UK</location>/<location value="LR/eur" idsrc="xmltag.org" >Europe</location>, and <location value="LR/asp" idsrc="xmltag.org" >Asia/Pacific</location> regions. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:430px;left:722px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">»</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:429px;left:733px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:431px;left:767px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">FULL STORY PAGE  7 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:451px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft010"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#13">The Long View </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft013"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:492px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Full updated stories and </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:510px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">key credit market metrics: </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:528px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Already thin spreads </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:546px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">suggest investment-grade </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:564px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">corporate bond yields are </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:582px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">likely to trend higher. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:612px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:642px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:672px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft028"> <br/> <br/> <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:777px;left:721px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">»</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:775px;left:732px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:777px;left:761px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">FULL STORY PAGE  13 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:803px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft010"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#16">Ratings Round-Up</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:805px;left:434px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft012"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#16"> </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:824px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Changes Continue a Positive Trend </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:847px;left:721px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">»</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:846px;left:732px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:848px;left:761px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">FULL STORY PAGE  16 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:872px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft010"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#19">Market Data</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:872px;left:392px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft013"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#19"> </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:872px;left:446px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft013"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:893px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Credit spreads, CDS movers, issuance. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:911px;left:721px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">»</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:910px;left:732px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:912px;left:761px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">FULL STORY PAGE  19 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:933px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft010"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#24">Moody’s Capital Markets Research</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:931px;left:555px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft015"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#24">  </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:935px;left:565px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft012"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#24">recent publications</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:931px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016"><a href="PBC_1261022.html#24"> </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:954px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Links to commentaries on: Stimulus, core profits, yield spreads, resurgent virus, split <org>Congress</org>, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:972px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">misery, issuance boom, default rate, volatility, credit quality, unprecedented bond yields, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:990px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">record savings rates, demographic change, high tech, complacency, Fed intervention, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1008px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">speculation, risk, credit stress, rate cuts, optimism, coronavirus, corporate credit, leverage, VIX. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1026px;left:298px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1044px;left:719px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">»</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1043px;left:729px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1045px;left:759px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">FULL STORY PAGE  24 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:478px;left:485px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:493px;left:485px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">Credit </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:485px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">Spreads </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:478px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">Investment Grade: Year-end 2021’s average investment grade </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:493px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">bond spread may slightly exceed its recent 101 basis points. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">High Yield: A composite high-yield spread may top its recent </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:522px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">381 bp by year-end 2021. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:537px;left:485px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">Defaults </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:537px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">US HY default rate: According to Moody's Investors Service, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:552px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">the <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location>' trailing 12-month high-yield default rate jumped </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:567px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">from December 2019’s 4.3% to December 2020’s 8.4% and </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:581px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">may average 7.9% for 2021’s second quarter. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:596px;left:485px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">Issuance </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:596px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">For 2019’s</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:594px;left:609px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:596px;left:613px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">offerings of US$-denominated corporate bonds, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:611px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">IG bond issuance rose 2.6% to <money>$1.309 trillion</money>, while high-</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:626px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">yield bond issuance surged by 55.8% to <money>$432 billion</money>.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:640px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">In 2020, US$-denominated corporate bond issuance soared </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:655px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">53.7% for IG to a record <money>$2.012 trillion</money>, while high-yield </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:669px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">advanced 31.8% to a record-high <money>$570 billion</money>. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:684px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">For 2021, US$-denominated corporate bond offerings may </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:698px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">decline 24.7% (to <money>$1.52 trillion</money>) for IG and drop 14.8% (to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:713px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"><money>$485 billion</money>) for high-yield, where both forecasts top their </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:728px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">respective annual averages for the five years ended 2020 of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:742px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"><money>$1.494 trillion</money> for IG and <money>$410 billion</money> for high-yield. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:255px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft017"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:287px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft017"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:323px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft018">Moody’s</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:330px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft019"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:323px;left:110px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft018">Analytics Research </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:347px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft020"><i>Weekly M</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:347px;left:113px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft021"><i>arke</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:347px;left:136px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft020"><i>t Outlook Contributors: </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:363px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:377px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft020"><i>Moody's Analytics/<location value="LU/us.ny.nyc" idsrc="xmltag.org" >New York</location>: </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:393px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">John Lonski </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:407px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Chief Capital Markets Economist </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:421px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"><PhoneNo>1.212.553</PhoneNo>.7144  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:435px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft023"><a href="mailto:john.lonski@moodys.com">john.lonski@moodys.com</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:435px;left:183px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:449px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft029"> <br/>Yukyung Choi </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:478px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft029">Quantitative Research <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:506px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft020"><i>Moody's Analytics/<location value="LR/asp" idsrc="xmltag.org" >Asia-Pacific</location>: </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:522px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Shahana Mukherjee </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:536px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Economist </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:550px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:565px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Christina Zhu </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:579px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Economist </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:593px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:608px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft020"><i>Moody's Analytics/<location value="LR/eur" idsrc="xmltag.org" >Europe</location>:</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:609px;left:204px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:624px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"><person>Ross Cioffi</person> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:638px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Economist </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:652px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:667px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft020"><i>Moody’s Analytics/<location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location>: </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Mark Zandi </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:696px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Chief Economist, Moody’s Analytics </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:724px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Michael Ferlez </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:737px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Economist </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:751px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:773px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft018">Editor </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:789px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft029"><person>Reid Kanaley</person> <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:818px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:835px;left:68px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft024">Clic<a href="http://www.moodys.com/wco">k here f</a>or </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:834px;left:146px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft025">Moody’s Credit </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:850px;left:68px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft025">Outlook</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:851px;left:116px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft024">, our sister publication </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:866px;left:68px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft024">containing Moody’s rating </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:882px;left:68px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft024">agency analysis of recent news </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:897px;left:68px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft024">events, summaries of recent </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:912px;left:68px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft024">rating changes, and summaries </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:928px;left:68px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft024">of recent research. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:952px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:966px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022">Contac<a href="mailto:help@economy.com">t: </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:966px;left:104px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft023"><a href="mailto:help@economy.com"><a href="mailto:help@economy.com">help@economy.com</a></a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:966px;left:202px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft022"><a href="mailto:help@economy.com"> </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:1054px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:792px;left:-129px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft026"> </p> </div> <!-- Page 2 --> <a name="2"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft030{font-size:7px;font-family:Times;color:#808080;} .ft031{font-size:12px;font-family:Times;color:#0090c5;} .ft032{font-size:12px;font-family:Times;color:#00785a;} .ft033{font-size:21px;font-family:Times;color:#0078bd;} .ft034{font-size:21px;line-height:28px;font-family:Times;color:#0078bd;} --> </style> <div id="page2-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022002.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:257px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:411px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1140px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:25px;left:686px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:39px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">2  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:67px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Credit Markets</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:159px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft032"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:162px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Review and Outlook </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">Credit Markets Review and Outlook </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:113px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">By John Lonski, Chief Capital Markets Economist, Moody’s Capital Markets Research </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:132px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:150px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft034">Market Value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Common Stock Soars to Record-High 185% <br/>of GDP <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:235px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">January 9’s unexpectedly steep jump by initial state unemployment claims reminded us of the considerable </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:253px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">loss of business activity to COVID-19-inspired shutdowns be they voluntary or forced. By itself, the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:271px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">sufficient adoption of COVID-19 vaccinations may be enough to supply a powerful short-term spur to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:289px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">business activity. Adding unprecedented monetary stimulus and additional fiscal stimulus to a vaccine-</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:307px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">driven suppression of COVID-19-related risks strongly favors annual increases of at least 6% for nominal </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:325px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">GDP and 10% for core pretax profits in 2021. Nevertheless, the possibly more stringent regulation of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:343px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">business activity and higher <org>Treasury</org> bond yields could offset the spur to expenditures delivered by </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:361px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">additional fiscal stimulus.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:391px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><org>The Fed</org> may need to prevent <org>Treasury</org> bond yields from rising to levels that impede the realization of full </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:409px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">employment. Conceivably, the Fed might step up its buying of <org>Treasury</org> bonds in order to maximize the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:427px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">impact of fiscal stimulus. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:457px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The average forecasts for 2021 from an early-January survey of 49 prognosticators by Blue-Chip Economic </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:475px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Indicators put nominal GDP growth at 6.0% and core pretax profits growth at 8.1%. However, the latter </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:493px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">was skewed lower by one forecaster’s call for an 16.0% annual contraction by core profits. Thus, the median </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:511px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">projected increase of 10.7% for 2021’s core profits might better capture the expected rate of corporate </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:529px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">earnings growth. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:559px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Relatively low rates of industrial capacity utilization and ample labor market slack suggest that operating </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:577px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">leverage will take effect in 2021. Operating leverage implies that the percent increase by core pretax profits </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:595px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">will be a multiple of the percent increase of business sales, where the growth of business sales is highly </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:613px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">correlated with nominal GDP. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:643px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">In anticipation of a brisk climb by corporate earnings, the market value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> common stock topped <money>$40</money> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:661px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">trillion for the first time. The market value of common stock now approximates a record-high 185% of GDP. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:691px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">During the equity market bubble of 1999-2000, the <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> equity market crested at a first-quarter 2000’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:709px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">then unprecedented 137% of GDP. That zenith lasted until the ratio rose to 140% in 2018’s first quarter. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:739px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The now record high ratio of the market value of common equity to GDP partly stems from historically low </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:757px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">corporate bond yields. Corporate bond yields were relatively high during the <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> equity market’s bubble </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:775px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">years of 1999-2000. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:805px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">For example, the Moody’s Analytics long-term Baa industrial company bond yield averaged 8.28% when </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:823px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">the <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> stock market peaked at 135% of GDP in 2000’s first quarter. The average long-term Baa industrial </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:841px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">bond yield of 2000’s first quarter even topped its 7.60% average of 1997-1999. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:871px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">In stark contrast, the recent 3.27% long-term Baa industrial bond yield was not only well under its 4.43% </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:889px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">average of 2018-2020, it also was less than each of its prior month-long averages going back to the 3.25% </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:907px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">of October 1952. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:937px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The Fed’s suppression of <org>Treasury</org> bond yields and willingness to extend extraordinary support to corporate </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:955px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">credit has helped to rein-in both corporate bond yields and their spreads over <org>Treasury</org> yields. January 13’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:973px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">145 basis-point spread over the long <org>Treasury</org> yield for the long-term Baa industrial yield was the narrowest </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:991px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">since the 143 bp of <chron>February 9, 2018.</chron> The long-term Baa industrial yield spread of 2000’s first quarter </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1009px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">averaged a wider 181 bp, which was above its 174 bp median of the 30-years-ended 2020. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1039px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Unlike the ratio of the market value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> common stock to GDP, the ratio of the market value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1057px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">common stock to the moving yearlong average of core after-tax profits remains well under its 24.8:1 zenith </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1075px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">of 2000’s third quarter. Though the latest 18.4:1 ratio of the market value of equities to core after-tax </p> </div> <!-- Page 3 --> <a name="3"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft035{font-size:12px;font-family:Times;color:#0078bd;} .ft036{font-size:8px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft037{font-size:11px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft038{font-size:11px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft039{font-size:9px;line-height:14px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page3-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022003.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:257px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:411px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1140px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:25px;left:686px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:39px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">3  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:67px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Credit Markets</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:159px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft032"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:162px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Review and Outlook </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:87px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">profits was the highest since the 18.6:1 of 2001’s third quarter, it remains under its 21.8:1 average for the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">span beginning with 1999’s second-quarter and ending with 2001’s second-quarter. As with the equity </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:123px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">market’s record-high ratio vis-a-vis GDP, the equity market’s now historically high ratio vis-a-vis after-tax </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:141px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">profits owes much to historically low corporate bond yields. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:546px;left:860px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:580px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft035">Borrowing Benefited High-Yield Credit Ratings on Balance </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:597px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">We are not even halfway through January and US$-denominated corporate bond issuance has already </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:615px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">totaled more than <money>$73 billion</money> of investment-grade and more than <money>$21 billion</money> for high-yield. (If a </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:633px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">speculative-grade bond is offered by an issuer whose senior unsecured rating is investment-grade, the bond </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:651px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">is still classified as high yield.) An atypically high percentage of January’s dollar-denominated investment-</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:669px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">grade bonds have been issued by issuers based outside the <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location>, where such bonds are referred to as Yankee </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:687px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">bonds. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Fourth-quarter 2020’s 91 credit rating upgrades of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> high-yield issuers included 19 that were partly </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:735px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">ascribed to new loan programs and eight were attributed to recent corporate bond issuance. New </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:753px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">borrowings can benefit credit quality via the refinancing of outstanding debt at longer maturities and lower </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:771px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">interest rates or by increasing the buffer protecting outstanding debt. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Moreover, of the fourth quarter’s 69 <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> high-yield credit rating reductions, new loan programs were cited </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:819px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">in only six, while high-yield bond issuance was mentioned three times. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:849px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Coincidentally, newly rated loan programs from high-yield companies rose from second-quarter 2020’s <money>$69</money> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:867px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">billion and third-quarter 2020’s <money>$93 billion</money> to the <money>$123 billion</money> of the fourth quarter. Nevertheless, the latter </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">was 3.2% under the <money>$127.5 billion</money> of 2019’s final quarter. But the latter was still an improvement over the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">year-over-year setbacks of 7.6% for 2020’s first quarter, 43.4% for the second quarter, and 31.9% for the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:921px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">third. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:951px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The ease of access to attractively priced debt helps to explain why the COVID-19-driven lift-off by net </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:969px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">downgrades of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> high-yield companies was relatively brief. Though the 368 net <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> high-yield </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:987px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">downgrades of 2020’s second quarter constituted a record high, net high-yield downgrades quickly sank to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1005px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">the 29 of the third quarter and the -22 of the final quarter. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1035px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">After peaking at the 164 of the span-ended <chron>June 2020,</chron> the moving yearlong per quarter average for <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> net </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1053px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">high-yield downgrades subsequently eased to calendar-year 2020’s 142. In turn, the moving yearlong </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:530px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">6.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:508px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">7.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:487px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">9.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:465px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">10.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:444px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">12.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:422px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">13.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:401px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">15.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:380px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">16.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:358px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">18.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:337px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">19.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:315px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">21.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:294px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">22.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:835px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">24.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:543px;left:262px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">81Q1 83Q3 86Q1 88Q3 91Q1 93Q3 96Q1 98Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:543px;left:533px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">01Q1 03Q3 06Q1 08Q3 11Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:543px;left:702px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">13Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:543px;left:737px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">16Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:543px;left:770px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">18Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:543px;left:805px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">21Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:530px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">30%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:504px;left:237px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">45%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:479px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">60%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:453px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">75%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:428px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">90%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:402px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">105%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:377px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">120%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:352px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">135%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:326px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">150%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:301px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">165%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:275px;left:231px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">180%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:231px;left:371px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft039">Market Value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Common Stock as % of GDP (L)<br/>Ratio of Market Value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Common Stock to Core After-Tax Profits (R)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:174px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft037"><b>Figure 1: Market Value of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Common StockIs at Record-High vis-a-vis GDP, but Less than</b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:190px;left:290px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft037"><b>Record-High vis-a-vis After-Tax Profits</b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:207px;left:291px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft038"><i>sources: BEA, <org>Dow Jones</org>, Moody's Analytics</i></p> </div> <!-- Page 4 --> <a name="4"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft040{font-size:9px;line-height:18px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page4-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022004.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:257px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:411px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1140px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:25px;left:686px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:39px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">4  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:67px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Credit Markets</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:159px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft032"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:162px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Review and Outlook </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:87px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">average for net <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> high-yield downgrades per quarter is likely to remain the 186 of the span-ended June </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">2009. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:510px;left:860px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:536px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">A diminished incidence of corporate debt defaults was implicit in the recent drop by Moody’s Analytics </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:554px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">average expected default frequency metric for <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location>/Canadian high-yield issuers to January 13’s 2.90%. The </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:572px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">month-long average of the high-yield EDF last fell under 3% when it sank from April 2018’s 3.43% to May </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:590px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">2018’s 2.80%. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:628px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft035">COVID-19’s IG Ratings Downturn Has Been Milder than 2008-2009’s Credit Crunch </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Credit rating revisions for <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> investment-grade companies held up relatively well during the worst of the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:663px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">COVID-19 recession. By contrast, investment-grade credit rating revisions fared worse during 2015-2016’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:681px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">profits recession and during 2008-2009’s Great Recession. For example, the 57 downgrades of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> IG </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:699px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">corporations from 2020’s first half were considerably less than the 74 of 2016’s first half and the 184 of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">2009’s first half. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:747px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">By 2020’s second half, the number of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> IG corporate upgrades rose from the 10 of 2020’s first half to the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:765px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">16 of the second half. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:795px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">As with high-yield, the COVID-19 IG credit cycle slump lasted only two quarters. From the perspective of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:813px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">yield spreads, expected default frequencies, and credit rating revisions, the corporate credit cycle turned </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:831px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">higher in 2020’s third quarter. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:861px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The net downgrades, or downgrades less upgrades, of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> investment-grade issuers peaked at the 26 of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:879px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">2020’s second quarter. The previous notable peaks for net investment-grade downgrades were the 33 of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:897px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">2016’s first quarter and the 83 of 2009’s first quarter. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:927px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">During 2008-2009’s recession, the credit rating downgrades of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> investment-grade corporations were </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:945px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">dominated by financial institutions. More specifically, of the 305 investment-grade downgrades from the 12 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:963px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">months ended <chron>June 2009,</chron> 174, or 57%, applied to financial institutions. Industrial companies supplied 88, or </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:981px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">29%, of the span’s downgrades, while utilities supplied 43, or 14%. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1011px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The Great Recession was deepened by the inadequate capitalization of financial institutions. The reduced </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1029px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">lending capacity of financial institutions increased the incidence of business and personal bankruptcies, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1047px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">where the latter overlapped the Great Recession’s destabilizing surge in home mortgage foreclosures. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:494px;left:832px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">100</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:252px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">95Q4 97Q3 99Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:368px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">01Q1 02Q4 04Q3 06Q2 08Q1 09Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:598px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">11Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:636px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">13Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:675px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">15Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">16Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:751px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">18Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:788px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">20Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:494px;left:234px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">-60</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:477px;left:234px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">-30</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:460px;left:245px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:443px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">30</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:426px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">60</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:409px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">90</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:392px;left:233px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">120</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:375px;left:233px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">150</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:358px;left:233px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">180</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:341px;left:233px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">210</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:324px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">240</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:307px;left:233px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">270</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:290px;left:231px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">300</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">330</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:256px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">360</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:193px;left:356px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft040">Recessions are shaded<br/>Net High-Yield Downgrades by Quarter<br/>Net High-Yield Downgrades per Quarter: moving yearlong average</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:138px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft037"><b>Figure 2: Net High-Yield Downgrades of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> Companies Plunged from Q2-2020's Record-High 368</b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:154px;left:290px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft037"><b>to Q3-2020's 29 and -22 of Q4-2020</b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:171px;left:290px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft038"><i>sources: Moody's Investors Service, Moody's Analytics</i></p> </div> <!-- Page 5 --> <a name="5"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;}--> </style> <div id="page5-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022005.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:257px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:411px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1140px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:25px;left:686px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:39px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">5  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:67px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Credit Markets</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:159px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft032"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:162px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Review and Outlook </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:87px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Though the COVID-19 recession triggered a sharp increase in delinquent home mortgages, ample systemic </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">liquidity has lessened the harmful impact of delinquent mortgages on overall business activity. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:135px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Unlike the Great Recession, the COVID-19 recession did not incur home-price deflation. Much to the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:153px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">contrary, an ultra-accommodative monetary policy helps to explain why Case-Shiller’s annual rate of home-</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:171px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">price inflation climbed from October 2019’s 2.2% to October 2020’s 7.9%. In contrast, the Great Recession </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:189px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">saw the Case-Shiller home-price index plunge by a cumulative 32.6% from a <chron>July 2006</chron> high to an April </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:207px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">2009 low. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:237px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Of first-half 2020’s 57 downgrades of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> IG companies, eight, or 14%, applied to financial institutions; 41, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:255px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">or 73%, affected industrial companies; and eight, or 14%, were supplied by utilities. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:285px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">In 2020’s final quarter, the seven downgrades of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> IG companies applied to one financial institution, two </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">utilities, and four industrials, while the 10 IG upgrades included three financials, one utility and six </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:321px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">industrials. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:720px;left:849px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:755px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft035">Lowest Ratio of Net Stock Buybacks to Cash since 2010 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:772px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Despite a deep drop by the seasonally adjusted and annualized net equity buybacks of <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> nonfinancial </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:789px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">corporations from the <money>$495 billion</money> of 2019’s final quarter to the <money>$27 billion</money> of 2020’s third quarter, <location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:807px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">equities rallied mightily after bottoming in late March 2020. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:838px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Meanwhile, 2020 was also home to a massive accumulation of cash. For example, the liquid financial assets </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:856px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">of nonfinancial corporations rose by 37% yearly to third-quarter 2020’s record-high <money>$3.5 trillion</money>. Because of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:874px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">the explosive growth of corporate cash, third-quarter 2020’s net nonfinancial-corporate debt fell by 1% </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:892px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">annually to <money>$7.4 trillion</money>, which was materially under first-quarter 2019’s record-high <money>$7.7 trillion</money>. Basically, a </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:910px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">good deal of 2020’s corporate borrowing was held as cash in order to better meet whatever exigencies </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:928px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">might arise from an unprecedented pandemic-driven recession. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:958px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Despite how net equity buybacks sank from first-quarter 2019’s 29% to third-quarter 2020’s 8% of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:976px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">corporate cash, the market value of nonfinancial-corporate equity still advanced by an accompanying </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:994px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">21.5%. Compared with its 18% median ratio of the 25 years ended 2019, the now 8% ratio of net stock </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1012px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">buybacks to cash suggest companies have more than enough financial resources with which to help stabilize </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1030px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">the equity market via buybacks should the need arise. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:703px;left:820px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">100</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">95Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:288px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">97Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:326px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">99Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:364px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">01Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:401px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">02Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:438px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">04Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:476px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">06Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:514px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">08Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:551px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">09Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">11Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:628px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">13Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:666px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">15Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:703px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">16Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:740px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">18Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:778px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft09">20Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:703px;left:231px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">-20</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:680px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">-10</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:657px;left:242px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:633px;left:237px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">10</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:610px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">20</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:587px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">30</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:564px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">40</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:540px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">50</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:517px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">60</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:494px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">70</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">80</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:421px;left:390px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft039">Recessions are shaded<br/>Net Investment-Grade Downgrades by Quarter<br/>Net Investment-Grade Downgrades per Quarter: moving yearlong average</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:354px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft037"><b>Figure 3: COVID-19 Driven Upturn by Net Investment-Grade Downgrades Is Mild Compared </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft037"><b>to Prior Recessions</b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:387px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft038"><i><location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> issuers ex utilities</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:403px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft038"><i>sources: Moody's Investors Service, Moody's Analytics</i></p> </div> <!-- Page 6 --> <a name="6"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft041{font-size:9px;line-height:19px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page6-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022006.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:257px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:411px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1140px;left:229px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:25px;left:686px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:39px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">6  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:67px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Credit Markets</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:159px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft032"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:58px;left:162px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Review and Outlook </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:459px;left:853px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:485px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:515px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:545px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:575px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:605px;left:230px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:444px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$1.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:421px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$4.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:399px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$7.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:377px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$10.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:354px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$13.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:332px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$16.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:309px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$19.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:287px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$22.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:265px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$25.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$28.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$31.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:198px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$34.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:175px;left:822px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><money>$37.5</money></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:258px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">89Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:306px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">92Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:353px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">95Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:401px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">98Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:447px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">00Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:495px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">03Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:543px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">06Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">09Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:638px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">11Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:685px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">14Q3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:733px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">17Q2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:780px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">20Q1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:444px;left:231px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">-12%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:418px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">-6%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:393px;left:240px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:367px;left:240px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">6%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:342px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">12%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:316px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">18%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:291px;left:234px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">24%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:265px;left:234px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">30%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:240px;left:234px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">36%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:214px;left:234px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">42%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:189px;left:233px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">48%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:143px;left:392px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft041">Net Stock Buybacks % Liquid Financial Assets: mov. 4-qtr ratio (L)<br/>Market Value of Nonfinancial-Corporate Equity: $ trillions (R)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:90px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft037"><b>Figure 4: Declining Ratio of Net Stock Buybacks to Cash Lessens the Downside Risk for Equities </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:106px;left:290px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft038"><i><location value="LC/us" idsrc="xmltag.org" >U.S.</location> nonfinancial corporations</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:123px;left:290px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft038"><i>sources: <org>Federal Reserve</org>, Moody's Analytics</i></p> </div> <!-- Page 7 --> <a name="7"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft042{font-size:19px;font-family:Times;color:#0078bd;} .ft043{font-size:13px;line-height:19px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page7-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022007.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:262px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:451px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:563px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:57px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Week Ahead </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:74px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:90px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:120px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:135px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:151px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:166px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:181px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:196px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:212px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:227px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:258px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:318px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:349px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:364px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:379px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:395px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:410px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:425px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:440px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:456px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:486px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:501px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:525px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">7  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">The Week Ahead – U.S., Europe, Asia-Pacific </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:112px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:136px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">THE U.S. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:161px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">By Mark Zandi, Chief Economist, Moody’s Analytics </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:180px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:198px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft042">Fiscal Support Will Quickly Boost the Economy </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The surprising outcome of the Georgia Senate races and resulting Democratic control of the federal </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:261px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">government have a significant bearing on prospects for fiscal policy and the economy. We now </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:280px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">expect the new Biden administration and Congress to approve what ultimately will be close to <money>$1.9</money> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">trillion in additional fiscal support to the economy. This would bring total support since the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:318px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">pandemic hit to <money>$5.2 trillion</money>, equal to an astounding 25% of GDP—approximately three times the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:336px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">fiscal support during the financial crisis, and substantially more than provided by any other country </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:355px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">in the world. With this additional boost, real GDP should be robust at just over 5% this year and the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:374px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">same next, bringing the economy back to full employment by early 2023. That is nearly a full year </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:393px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft043">sooner than we had anticipated when assuming the Republicans would maintain control of the <br/>Senate and stymie the Biden administration’s efforts for additional fiscal support. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:752px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:786px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Fiscal support from the new Biden administration and Congress is expected to include an additional </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:805px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><money>$750 billion</money> to help the economy through to the end of the pandemic. This will be entirely deficit-</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:824px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">financed, passed into law in February, and largely take effect in March. It will kick in as the funds </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:843px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">from the <money>$900 billion</money> relief package the Trump administration and Congress agreed to in December </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:862px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">are spent down. Although vaccinations should soon pick up substantially, the pandemic will </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:880px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">continue to rage through much of the spring. Infections, hospitalizations and deaths continue to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:899px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">mount, and the full brunt of the new, more contagious strain of the virus has yet to fully hit. Judging </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:918px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">by December job losses, particularly in leisure and hospitality, the pandemic continues to do serious </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:937px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">economic damage. A double-dip recession is unlikely, thanks to what lawmakers have done so far, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:956px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">but the economy will continue to struggle until at least a majority of Americans are vaccinated, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:974px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">which we don’t anticipate until midyear. The <money>$750 billion</money> relief package will look familiar, including </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:993px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">a plus-up to <money>$2,000</money> per person on the <money>$600</money> stimulus checks recently sent to lower- and middle-</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1012px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">income households. Though there is substantial political momentum for this item, it isn’t the most </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1031px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">effective type of support. Much of the money goes to households that don’t need the funds and will </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1050px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">save a lot of it, at least for a while. The relief package will also include more funds for </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1069px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">unemployment insurance, assistance for back rent owed, small businesses, and vaccine distribution. </p> </div> <!-- Page 8 --> <a name="8"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft044{font-size:13px;font-family:Times;color:#0000ff;} --> </style> <div id="page8-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022008.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:262px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:451px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:563px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:57px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Week Ahead </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:74px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:90px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:120px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:135px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:151px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:166px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:181px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:196px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:212px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:227px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:258px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:318px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:349px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:364px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:379px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:395px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:410px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:425px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:440px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:456px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:486px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:501px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:525px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">8  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:159px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:269px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">We also expect an additional <money>$1.15 trillion</money> in net fiscal support to be signed into law later this year </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">with government spending and tax increases in the spirit of the “Build Back Better” policy agenda </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:307px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">that Biden proposed during the campaign. This support will include a substantive infrastructure plan, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:325px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">with additional spending on transportation, hospitals, schools, higher education facilities, affordable </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:344px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">housing, and broadband. It will also include more spending on a range of social programs, including </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:363px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">education, healthcare, housing, and child and elder care. On taxes, we expect an increase in the top </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:382px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">marginal rate on corporations from 21% to 28%, rolling back half of the tax cut provided by Trump’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:401px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">late-2017 Tax Cut and Jobs Act. High-income and wealthy households will also pay more taxes on </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:419px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">capital gains, dividends and big estates. We also expect some tax cuts, including on new </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:438px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">manufacturing investment in the U.S., an increase in the child tax credit, and a repeal of the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:457px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><money>$10,000</money> cap on the state and local tax deduction implemented with the Trump tax cuts. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:605px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:753px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The new Biden administration and Congress will almost surely need to use the budget reconciliation </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:772px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">process to get much of this fiscal policy into law. Reconciliation allows the Senate to pass legislation </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:791px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">with a simple majority vote instead of the 60 votes needed to avoid a filibuster on everything else, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:809px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">save for judicial appointments. Senate Democrats can now muster a majority if they remain united. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:828px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">There are constraints on the reconciliation process, such that whatever spending and tax policy is </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:847px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">legislated must be budget neutral after the budget horizon, which is typically 10 years. However, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:866px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">needless to say, given the deep political divisions in the country, the complicated politics created by </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">the Democrats’ razor-thin majority in the Senate, and the arcane budget rules, there is substantial </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft043">uncertainty over how all of this will play out, including the ultimate amount of fiscal support <br/>lawmakers agree to and just when they will agree to it. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:961px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Another important outcome of the Democrats’ control of government is that it should forestall the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:979px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">worst of the budget wars that have plagued the federal government over the past decade. The </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:998px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Democrats will be able to pass their own budgets, as budgets are not subject to the filibuster, thus </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1017px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">avoiding the persistent threat of government shutdowns and need to pass stopgap continuing </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1036px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">resolutions—an extension of the prior year’s budget. The Biden administration will work closely with </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1054px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft043">appropriators in both chambers to pass budgets that reflect their policy agenda. One potential flash <br/>point will occur in July, when th<a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/3877/text">e </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1074px;left:438px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft044"><a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/3877/text">federal debt limit</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1074px;left:542px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><a href="https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/3877/text"> </a>will be reinstated under current law. </p> </div> <!-- Page 9 --> <a name="9"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;}--> </style> <div id="page9-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022009.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:262px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:451px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:563px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:57px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Week Ahead </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:74px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:90px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:120px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:135px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:151px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:166px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:181px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:196px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:212px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:227px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:258px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:318px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:349px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:364px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:379px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:395px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:410px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:425px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:440px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:456px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:486px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:501px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:525px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">9  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The politics of the split Senate, with Vice President Harris holding the deciding vote, should favor </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:106px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">centrist Democrats and Republicans. On contentious legislation, those centrists will hold the critical </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:125px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">swing vote. This suggests there will be a more moderate fiscal policy and broader legislative agenda, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:144px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">which will limit the size of government spending increases or tax increases that more progressive </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:163px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Democrats might favor. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:201px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The additional fiscal support will quickly boost the economy, pushing real GDP growth to well over </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">4% annualized in the first quarter of this year, despite the intensifying pandemic, and to more than </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:239px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">5% for all of 2021. This is a percentage point more growth than we expected in last month’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:257px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">forecast, which was based on the incorrect assumption the Senate would remain in Republican </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:276px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">control. Real GDP should post another 5% gain in 2022, about 0.5 percentage point more than </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:295px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">previously forecast. At this pace of growth, the economy is expected to create 4.6 million jobs this </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:314px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">year and an additional 4 million next year, and to have fully recovered the 10 million jobs the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:332px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">economy is still down from its pre-pandemic peak by early 2023. This is about when the economy </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:351px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft043">will have returned to full employment—an unemployment rate of 4% to 4.5% and a labor force <br/>participation rate of 62.5%. This is almost a year sooner than previously forecast. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:558px;left:752px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:745px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The more-expansive fiscal policy that we expect from the Biden administration and Congress is </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:764px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">good economic policy. The economy is far from full employment, inflation remains well below the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:783px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Federal Reserve’s 2% target, and the Fed has all but promised to keep short-term rates at the zero </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">lower bound until the economy is at full employment and inflation has been consistently above 2%. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:820px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Long-term interest rates are also near historic lows. Ten-year Treasury yields rose sharply in the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:839px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">wake of the Georgia election and investor expectations will shift as the Democrats pump up fiscal </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:858px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">policy and economic growth, but yields are still only just over 1%. It’s easy to make the case that </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:877px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">investments in infrastructure, housing and education have returns that are well above the cost of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:895px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">government borrowing. Adding to the rationale for more fiscal support is that the pandemic has </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:914px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">ravaged the finances of lower-income households and minorities. These groups were only beginning </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:933px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">to recover financially from the financial crisis when the pandemic struck. Without substantial </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:952px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">targeted government support like we expect to see legislated in coming months, their prospects are </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:971px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">poor. This policy will add to the nation’s fiscal challenges, but those should be addressed through </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:989px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft043">both government spending restraint and tax increases only once the economy has returned to full <br/>employment. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1046px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">With the economy projected to achieve full employment by early 2023, we expect the Fed to begin </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1065px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">normalizing short-term rates by fall 2023. By then, inflation should be firmly above the Fed’s 2% </p> </div> <!-- Page 10 --> <a name="10"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;}--> </style> <div id="page10-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022010.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:262px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:451px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:563px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:57px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Week Ahead </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:74px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:90px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:120px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:135px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:151px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:166px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:181px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:196px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:212px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:227px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:258px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:318px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:349px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:364px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:379px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:395px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:410px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:425px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:440px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:456px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:486px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:501px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:525px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">10  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">target and inflation expectations even higher. It will take approximately three years for the Fed to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:106px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">increase the federal funds rate target to its 2.5% long-run equilibrium rate, or r-star. Long-term rates </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:125px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">will rise sooner as the Fed tapers its quantitative easing by early 2022, and bond investors anticipate </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:144px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">a full-employment economy with higher inflation. Ten-year Treasury yields are projected to end this </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:163px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft043">year near 1.5%, 2.3% by year-end 2022, and close to 3% when the Fed starts normalizing short-<br/>term rates in fall 2023. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The next few months will be difficult, but the next few years look increasingly bright. The raging </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:239px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">pandemic will fade by mid-2021 once a majority of Americans are vaccinated, and the economy will </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:257px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">quickly get back on track thanks in significant part to robust fiscal and monetary policy support. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:295px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft035">Next Week </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:313px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Fresh data will be somewhat limited next week, but new jobless claims will be an important marker. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:331px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">This week's increase in unemloyment insurance claims was discouraging, and it is clear that this winter </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:350px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">will be difficult for the economy and the labor market. Still, better times are ahead, particularly as </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:369px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">additional fiscal support is on the way. In housing, we will see a fresh take on the market index from the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:388px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">National Association of Home Builders, which edged downward last month, and the December report </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">on housing starts and permits, which slowed in November. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:425px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:444px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:463px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:482px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:500px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:519px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:538px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:557px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:576px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p 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style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:820px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:839px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:858px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:876px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:895px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:914px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:933px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:951px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:970px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:989px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1008px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1027px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1045px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> </div> <!-- Page 11 --> <a name="11"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;}--> </style> <div id="page11-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022011.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:262px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:451px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:563px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:57px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Week Ahead </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:74px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:90px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:120px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:135px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:151px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:166px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:181px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:196px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:212px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:227px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:258px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:318px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:349px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:364px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:379px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:395px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:410px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:425px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:440px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:456px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:486px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:501px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:525px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">11  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">EUROPE </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:113px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">By Ross Cioffi of Moody’s Analytics </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:132px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:149px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft042">We Don’t Expect Changes From the ECB </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:175px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:193px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">We aren’t expecting many surprises next week. The main releases will be the final estimates of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:212px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">consumer price inflation, which we predict followed the preliminary reports, and the first monetary </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:231px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">policy meeting of the European Central Bank in 2021. We predict no policy changes there. We expect </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:250px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">that euro zone consumer prices fell 0.3% y/y in December, the same as in November. Prices will be </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:268px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">weighed down by energy, and in particular by fuels, despite the fact that Brent crude barrel prices </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:287px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">began to increase more substantially over the course of the month. Demand remains weak with </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:306px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">mobility so tightly restricted, so we don’t expect prices at the pumps to begin rising again in yearly </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:325px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">terms until February or March. According to the preliminary release, price growth picked up slightly </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:344px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">among services, but further declines in nonenergy goods left the core inflation rate unchanged from the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:362px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">previous month at 0.2%. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:381px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:400px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> Meanwhile, we do not expect any changes in the policy stance of the ECB at its meeting next </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:419px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Thursday. The main refinancing rate target will be left at 0%, while the bank will likely leave its </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:438px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Pandemic Emergency Purchase Program unchanged after increasing the total envelope size at its </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:456px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">December meeting by €500 billion, to €1.85 trillion. The first quarter will be rough for the euro zone </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:475px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">though, especially as countries seem set to stay in lockdown into February. The ECB will likely be called </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:494px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">to act once more before the pandemic is over, but not yet.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:513px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:532px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Finally, the U.K. will be releasing an estimate of retail sales in December. We are expecting that the lead </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:550px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">up to the holiday season lifted sales 1.5% month on month after the 2.45% increase in November. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:569px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">However, the U.K. economy is not in a good spot. The pandemic and Brexit are weighing heavily on </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:588px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">activity, such that we suspect the country is at risk of having contracted during the final quarter of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:607px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">2020 and in the first quarter of 2021. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:626px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:750px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:764px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:794px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:824px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:854px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:884px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:914px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:944px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:974px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1004px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1034px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:647px;left:331px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Key indicators </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:647px;left:646px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Units</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:647px;left:706px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Moody's Analytics</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:647px;left:819px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Last</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:665px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Mon @ <chron>10:00 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:665px;left:331px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Italy: Consumer Price Index for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:665px;left:623px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:665px;left:739px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:665px;left:820px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Tues @ <chron>8:00 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:331px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Germany: Consumer Price Index for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:623px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:739px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:820px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:699px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Wed @ <chron>8:00 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:699px;left:331px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">U.K.: Consumer Price Index for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:699px;left:623px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:699px;left:740px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">0.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:699px;left:821px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">0.3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:716px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Wed @ <chron>10:00 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:716px;left:331px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Euro Zone: Consumer Price Index for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:716px;left:623px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:716px;left:739px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:716px;left:820px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:733px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Thur @ <chron>1:45 p.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:733px;left:331px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Euro Zone: Monetary Policy Meeting</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:733px;left:654px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:733px;left:740px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">0.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:733px;left:820px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">0.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:750px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Fri @ <chron>9:30 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:750px;left:331px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">U.K.: Retail Sales for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:750px;left:623px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:750px;left:741px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">1.5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:750px;left:821px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">2.4</p> </div> <!-- Page 12 --> <a name="12"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft045{font-size:1px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft046{font-size:8px;font-family:Times;color:#ff0000;} .ft047{font-size:8px;font-family:Times;color:#00af50;} .ft048{font-size:8px;font-family:Times;color:#4471c4;} --> </style> <div id="page12-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022012.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:262px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:451px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:563px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:57px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Week Ahead </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:74px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:90px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:105px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:120px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:135px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:151px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:166px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:181px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:196px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:212px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:227px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:242px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:258px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:273px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:318px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:349px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:364px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:379px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:395px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:410px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:425px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:440px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:456px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:98px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">    </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:486px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:501px;left:64px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:525px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">12  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">Asia-Pacific  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:112px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">By Shahana Mukherjee of Moody’s Analytics </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:142px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft042">China’s Economy Powered Ahead in 2020 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:179px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft045"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:183px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">We expect China’s economy to have grown by 8.1% in yearly terms in the December quarter, following </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:201px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">a 4.9% increase in the prior quarter. In quarterly terms, we forecast a stronger performance with a </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:219px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">3.8% gain, following a 3.1% reading in the September quarter.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:249px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">China’s economy continued its enviable run through most of 2020, aided by a substantial state-funded </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:267px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">industrial injection. Not only has China’s external position strengthened over the December quarter </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:285px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">due to an uptick in already strong export growth, but domestic conditions have also been on the mend, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">with spending having picked up since August. Stronger aggregate demand and improving investor </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:321px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">sentiment are expected to have anchored another quarter of impressive growth.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:351px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">China’s consumer and production indicators are similarly expected to have marked another month of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:369px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">growth. Given the largely favourable demand conditions, China’s industrial output is likely to have </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:387px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">increased at a steady rate of 7% in yearly terms in December, while fixed asset investment is expected </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:405px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">to have picked up a notch, settling at 2.8% over this period. Retail sales likely increased by 5.2% in </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:423px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">December, improving on the 5% increase in November, as income and employment levels gradually </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">recover to pre-COVID-19 levels. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:471px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The Bank of Japan is expected to keep its monetary settings unchanged in its January announcement. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:489px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The apex bank announced a range of measures last month, including a six-month extension to the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">emergency lending programme, to combat the growing strain from an intensifying third wave of the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:525px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">pandemic. Though domestic conditions have deteriorated since then and mandated the reimposition of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:543px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">a state of emergency across multiple prefectures, the expected impact will be limited this time, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:561px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">assuming no extensions, as the restrictions at this stage mostly affect restaurants and bars. Having </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:579px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">mobilized substantial resources already, the BoJ is likely to adopt a wait-and-see approach until the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:597px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">initial signs of the effectiveness of current countermeasures surface. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:627px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Australia’s unemployment rate is likely to have declined to 6.7% in December from 6.8% in November. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Domestic conditions have continued to recover since the easing of pandemic-related restrictions in </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:663px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Victoria, and all states are firmly on recovery course. Another month of strong spending during the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:681px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">holiday season, aided by conducive policy settings, is expected to have created more employment </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:699px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">opportunities and eased the strain on the labour market. However, the temporary closure of certain </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:717px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">state borders is expected to have weakened the revival momentum for tourism-related services. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:747px;left:235px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:956px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:780px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Key indicators </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:780px;left:616px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Units</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:780px;left:676px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Moody's Analytics Confidence Risk</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:780px;left:836px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Last</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Mon @ <chron>11:30 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Singapore Nonoil Exports for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:797px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:797px;left:706px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-5.2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:803px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft046"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:797px;left:836px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-4.9</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Mon @ <chron>1:00 p.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">China GDP for Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:815px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:815px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">8.1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:815px;left:803px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft046"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:815px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">4.9</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:833px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Mon @ <chron>1:00 p.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:833px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">China Industrial Production for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">7</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:833px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:813px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft047"></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:842px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">7</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:851px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Mon @ <chron>1:00 p.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:851px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">China Retail Sales for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:850px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:850px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">5.2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:851px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:850px;left:813px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft047"></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:850px;left:842px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">5</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:868px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Mon @ <chron>1:00 p.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:868px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">China Fixed Asset Investment for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:867px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:867px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">2.8</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:868px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:867px;left:813px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft047"></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:867px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">2.6</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Thur @ <chron>10:50 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Japan Foreign Trade for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">¥ bil</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:706px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">220</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:803px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft046"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:885px;left:837px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">367</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Thur @ <chron>11:30 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Australia Employment for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:902px;left:622px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:902px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">6.7</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:902px;left:813px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft047"></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:902px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">6.8</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:921px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Thur @ <chron>2:00 p.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:921px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Japan Monetary Policy for January</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:920px;left:624px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">%</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:919px;left:706px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:921px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:921px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft048"></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:919px;left:836px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:939px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Fri @ <chron>8:45 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:939px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">New Zealand CPI for Q4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:939px;left:607px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:939px;left:708px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">1.1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:939px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:938px;left:803px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft046"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:939px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">1.4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:956px;left:238px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Fri @ <chron>10:30 a.m.</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:956px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Japan Core CPI for December</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:955px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">% change yr ago</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:955px;left:705px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.8</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:956px;left:775px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:955px;left:803px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft046"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:955px;left:836px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">-0.9</p> </div> <!-- Page 13 --> <a name="13"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft049{font-size:11px;font-family:Times;color:#0078bd;} .ft050{font-size:10px;font-family:Times;color:#0078bd;} .ft051{font-size:13px;font-family:Times;color:#0078bd;} .ft052{font-size:12px;line-height:18px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft053{font-size:13px;line-height:27px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page13-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022013.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">13  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:65px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Long View </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:78px;left:97px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">d</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:78px;left:129px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">The Long View </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:112px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft042"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft042">Already thin spreads suggest investment-grade corporate bond yields are </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:160px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft042">likely to trend higher. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:197px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft052"> <br/>By John Lonski, Chief Capital Markets Economist, Moody’s Capital Markets Research </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:233px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft052"><chron>January 14, 2021</chron> <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:277px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft049">CREDIT SPREADS</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:276px;left:289px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:293px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">As measured by Moody's long-term average corporate bond yield, the recent investment grade corporate </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:312px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">bond yield spread of 101 basis points was less than its 116 basis-point median of the 30 years ended 2019. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:331px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">This spread may be no wider than 110 bp by year-end 2021. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:367px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The recent composite high-yield bond spread of 381 bp approximates what is suggested by the accompanying </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:385px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">long-term Baa industrial company bond yield spread of 145 bp but is narrower than what might be inferred </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:403px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">from the recent VIX of 22.9 points. The latter has been historically associated with a 645-bp midpoint for a </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:421px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">composite high-yield bond spread. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:452px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft050">DEFAULTS</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:449px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft051"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:480px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">November 2020’s U.S. high-yield default rate of 8.4% was up from November 2019’s 4.1%. The recent </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:498px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">average high-yield EDF metric of 2.90% portend a less-than-4% default rate by October 2021. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:530px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft050">US CORPORATE BOND ISSUANCE  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:544px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Fourth-quarter 2019’s worldwide offerings of corporate bonds revealed annual advances of 15.3% for IG and </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:562px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">329% for high-yield, wherein US$-denominated offerings dipped by 0.8% for IG and surged higher by 330% </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:580px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">for high yield. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:610px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">First-quarter 2020’s worldwide offerings of corporate bonds revealed annual advances of 17.7% for IG and </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:628px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">26.5% for high-yield, wherein US$-denominated offerings increased 43.7% for IG and grew 21.4% for high </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:646px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">yield. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:676px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Second-quarter 2020’s worldwide offerings of corporate bonds revealed annual surges of 69% for IG and 31% </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:694px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">for high-yield, wherein US$-denominated offerings increased 142% for IG and grew 45% for high yield. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:724px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Third-quarter 2020’s worldwide offerings of corporate bonds revealed an annual decline of 6% for IG and an </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:743px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">annual advance of 44% for high-yield, wherein US$-denominated offerings increased 12% for IG and soared </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:760px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">upward 56% for high yield. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:790px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Fourth-quarter 2020’s worldwide offerings of corporate bonds revealed an annual decline of 11.9% for IG and </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:808px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">an annual advance of 4.4% for high-yield, wherein US$-denominated offerings increased by 15.3% for IG and </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:826px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">by 10.6% for high yield. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:856px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">For 2019, worldwide corporate bond offerings grew by 5.4% annually (to <money>$2.447 trillion</money>) for IG and advanced </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:874px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">by 49.2% for high yield (to <money>$561 billion</money>). The annual percent increases for 2020’s worldwide corporate bond </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:892px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">offerings are a 18.4% (to <money>$2.899 trillion</money>) for IG and 25.8% (to <money>$706 billion</money>) for high yield. The expected </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:910px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">annual declines for 2021’s worldwide rated corporate bond issuance are 15% for investment-grade and 9% for </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:928px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">high-yield. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:959px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft050">US ECONOMIC OUTLOOK</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:958px;left:334px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft049"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:974px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Unacceptably high unemployment and other low rates of resource utilization will rein in Treasury bond yields. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">As long as the global economy operates below trend, 1.25% will serve as the upper bound for the 10-year </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1011px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Treasury yield. Until COVID-19 risks fade substantially, wider credit spreads are possible. For now, the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1030px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft053">corporate credit market has priced in the widespread distribution of a COVID-19 vaccine by mid-2021. <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1058px;left:412px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> </div> <!-- Page 14 --> <a name="14"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft054{font-size:12px;font-family:Times;color:#0000ff;} --> </style> <div id="page14-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022014.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">14  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:65px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Long View </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:78px;left:97px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">d</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:78px;left:129px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">Europe </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:112px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">By Ross Cioffi of Moody’s Analytics </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:130px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"><chron>January 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:166px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft049">GERMANY </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:182px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">With the pandemic raging in<a href="https://www.economy.com/economicview/geography/IDEU"> </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:182px;left:364px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft054"><a href="https://www.economy.com/economicview/geography/IDEU">Germany</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:182px;left:418px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"><a href="https://www.economy.com/economicview/geography/IDEU">,</a> authorities there tightened social distancing measures until at least 31 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:199px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">January. The stricter lockdown will ban travel to hotspots and limit private meetings. These come on top of the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:216px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">restrictions already in place that have closed all nonessential shops and services. The new measures will hit energy </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:233px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">consumption and energy production and hurt already-fragile demand for transport services. Retail sales will likely </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:250px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">be a bust this month as well, partly because of the typical post-holiday slowdown in sales. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:287px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft035">A November to forget for Italian sales </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:304px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">The November lockdown sen<a href="https://www.economy.com/economicview/geography/IITA">t </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:304px;left:373px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft054"><a href="https://www.economy.com/economicview/geography/IITA">Italy</a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:304px;left:398px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"><a href="https://www.economy.com/economicview/geography/IITA">’</a>s retail sales tumbling. Purchases plunged by 6.9% in monthly terms, fully </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:321px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">erasing the 0.5% gain in October. In yearly terms, retail sales plummeted by 8.1%. On the upside, spending on food </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:338px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">rose by 1% m/m, which led sales to surge 5% above year-ago levels. With restaurants and bars and nonessential </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:355px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">retail closed in much of the country, consumer demand was channeled into supermarkets. The increase wasn’t </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:373px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">enough to offset the 13.2% drop in nonfood sales, however. Sales fell in all categories except for ICT equipment </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:390px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">and tools. Unsurprisingly, sales of clothing and accessories took the biggest hit, as most consumers remain home </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:407px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">bound this winter. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:436px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">Retail suffered as lockdown measures forced shops to temporarily shutter, constricting the supply channel. We </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:453px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">suspect consumer demand faltered during the month as well. As the second wave of infections peaked, consumer </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:470px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">sentiment in November tumbled from 101.7 to 98.4, the lowest it had been since May’s reading of 94.8. The </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:488px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">situation in the labor market likely led to some precautionary savings as well; although the unemployment rate </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:505px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">inched down during the month, employment continued to lag pre-pandemic levels, as did average hours worked. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:522px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">And while a short easing in restrictions and the lead-up to the holiday season likely boosted sales in December, we </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:539px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">expect retail weakened over the quarter. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:576px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft035">Netherlands' CPI perking up </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:593px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">Consumer price inflation in the Netherlands accelerated to 1% y/y in December from 0.8% in November. With </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:610px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">December’s estimate, the CPI rose on average 1.3% during 2020. Household energy prices continued to weigh </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:627px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">heavily on the headline rate, down 11.2% over the month. Oil price gains also eased the downward pressures </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:644px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">bearing on the CPI. Motor and liquid fuel prices were down by just 7.4% y/y rather than by 8.9% as in the month </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:661px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">before. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:691px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">Despite the gains in the price of Brent crude during December, persistently low demand has kept energy prices </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:708px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">below their year-ago levels. Optimism about the new COVID-19 vaccines, as well as the relative strength in the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:725px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">Chinese economy, has buoyed barrel prices in futures markets. But as long as lockdown measures persist in Europe, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:742px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">consumer energy prices will rise only slowly. The story is similar across Europe; oil and fuel prices, in particular, will </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:759px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">drag down year-ago rates until March, when base effects from the spring’s slump in oil prices kick in. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:788px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">Core inflation perked up as well, with price growth in nonenergy industrial goods and services accelerating slightly. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:806px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">As elsewhere in Europe, the Netherlands' lockdown was recently extended until the end of January, meaning that </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:823px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">core inflation will likely remain stable in January while the headline rate could climb following an uptick in Brent oil </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:840px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014">prices and a further increase in the excise tax on tobacco. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:869px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:898px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:927px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:956px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:986px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1015px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> </div> <!-- Page 15 --> <a name="15"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;}--> </style> <div id="page15-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022015.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">15  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:65px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">The Long View </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:78px;left:97px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">d</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:78px;left:129px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">Asia Pacific </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:112px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">By Christina Zhu and Shahana Mukherjee of Moody’s Analytics </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:130px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><chron>January 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:168px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft050">SINGAPORE </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:182px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">China’s external position continued to strengthen in its recovery phase. China’s foreign trade surplus rose to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:200px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><money>US$78.2 billion</money> in December on the back of a strong 18% yearly increase in exports, while imports rose by a </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:218px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">more moderate 6.5%. Global demand for high-tech and electrical products held strong, increasing by 26.5% </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:236px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">and 23.1%, respectively, in December, while shipments to major markets such as the U.S. (up 35%), Europe </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:254px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">(up 4.8%) and Japan (up 8.6%) reflected notable growth in December. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:284px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">For China’s exporters, external demand remained strong even though many countries continue to struggle </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:302px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">with surging new COVID-19 cases following the emergence of more infectious variants of the virus. The </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:320px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">optimism surrounding vaccine distribution has supported consumer sentiment and further aided demand for </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:338px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">China’s exports.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:368px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">China’s exports recorded a sizeable 3.6% yearly increase in 2020, but most of the export gains over this </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:386px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">period resulted from higher medical equipment and textile product exports, which surged by 40.5% and </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:404px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">29.2%, respectively, over the previous year. Furniture and home appliances also picked up in recent months, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:422px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">posting double-digit growth compared with 2019. Industrial commodity shipments such as rare earths, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:440px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">petroleum, aluminium products and steel recorded the maximum declines. Imports were weaker, declining by </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:458px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">1.1% in 2020. However, the relatively lacklustre change was largely due to lower prices of energy products </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:476px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">and industrial materials, also impacted by a slower revival in domestic demand.   </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:506px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">China imported significantly more agriculture products in 2020 for multiple reasons. Imports of meat </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:524px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">including offal surged by 59.6% year on year to curb surging pork prices caused by the Africa swine flu. At the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:542px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">same time, imports of grain crops and soybeans rose strongly to complement domestic supply, which was </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:560px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">disrupted by the devastating flood in the summer, and to fulfil the Phase One trade deal with the U.S.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:590px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The outlook for China’s foreign trade is relatively favourable in the near term, as external demand for medical </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:608px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">products and electronics and high-tech products is expected to hold up through the new pandemic </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:626px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">resurgence. However, China’s trade surplus is likely to weaken later in the year as demand for pandemic-</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">related products softens and countries restore their domestic production capacity. Further, a persistently </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:663px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">strong yuan can also weaken China’s export competitiveness and erode the net gains.  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:692px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Equally important, some overseas demand may shift to other competitors as early as the second half of this </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">year, especially if the drive to diversify supply chain dependencies persists among global manufacturers. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:728px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">President-elect Job Biden’s stance on China tariffs will be crucial, though a phase-out, if any, is unlikely before </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:746px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">the second half of the year.   </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:776px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> </div> <!-- Page 16 --> <a name="16"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft055{font-size:-1px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft056{font-size:8px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft057{font-size:8px;line-height:16px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page16-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022016.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">16  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:65px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Ratings Round-Up </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">Ratings Round-Up </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:113px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:132px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft042">U.S. Changes Continue a Positive Trend </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:157px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:176px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">By Michael Ferlez </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:194px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><chron>January 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:213px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:232px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">U.S. rating change activity continued its positive trend. For the week ended January 12, upgrades accounted </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:251px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">for roughly two-thirds of the weeks rating changes and affected debt. All rating changes during the period </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:269px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">were to speculative-grade companies, with energy-related firms accounting for the largest share of rating </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:288px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">changes. The most notable upgrade was made to <org>Antero Resources Corp</org>., which saw its corporate family </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:307px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">rating and senior unsecured credit rating upgraded to B1 and B2, respectively. In Moody’s Investors Service </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:326px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">rating action, Sajjad Alam, a Moody's Senior Analyst, was cited as saying, “The upgrade reflects Antero's </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:345px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">substantially reduced refinancing risks as well as its improved free cash flow generation and debt reduction </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:363px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">prospects following a recovery in commodity prices." Meanwhile, downgrades were headlined by Ferrellgas </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:382px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">L.P. Moody’s Investors Service downgraded the business and consumer services company’s probability of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:401px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">default to D-PD following the announcement the firm would file for bankruptcy. Additionally, Moody’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:420px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Investors Service also downgrade the firm’s senior unsecured notes from Caa3 to Ca, affecting <money>$2.95 billion</money> in </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:439px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">debt. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:457px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:476px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">European rate change activity was credit negative. Downgrades outnumbered upgrades three to one, but only </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:495px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">accounted for 9% of the affected debt. The United Kingdom led all countries with two rating changes, with </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:514px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Luxembourg and the Netherlands each receiving one change. The most notable change was to Fiat Chrysler </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:532px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Automobiles N.V. The Netherlands-based automaker saw its senior credit rating upgraded to Baa3 from Ba2. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:551px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">The firm recently announced it would change its name to Stellantis N.V. after its merger with Peugeot S.A. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:570px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">was approved by both firms’ shareholders. In Moody’s Investors Service rating action, Matthias Heck, a </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:589px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Moody's Vice President—Senior Credit Officer and Lead Analyst for FCA, PSA and Stellantis was cited saying, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:608px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">“The assigned Baa3 issuer rating on FCA reflects the expected closing of the merger between FCA and PSA to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:626px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">create Stellantis, a larger and more diversified entity with significant synergy potential." The upgrade affected </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"><money>$10 billion</money> in outstanding debt. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:664px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1066px;left:826px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1081px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:706px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">FIGURE 1 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:719px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Rating Changes - US Corporate & Financial Institutions: Favorable as % of Total Actions </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1039px;left:824px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1050px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft055"><i> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1051px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:978px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:938px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:898px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:858px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.6</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:818px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.8</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:778px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">1.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:978px;left:211px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:938px;left:211px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:898px;left:211px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.4</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:858px;left:211px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.6</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:818px;left:211px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0.8</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:778px;left:212px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">1.0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:225px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Jul01</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:313px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Sep04</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:404px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Nov07</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:499px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Jan11</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:587px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Mar14</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:678px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">May17</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:992px;left:773px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Jul20</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:754px;left:375px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">By Count of Actions</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:754px;left:519px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01">By Amount of Debt Affected</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1014px;left:203px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft057">* Trailing 3-month  average<br/><i>Source: Moody's</i></p> </div> <!-- Page 17 --> <a name="17"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft058{font-size:11px;font-family:Times;color:#4aacc5;} .ft059{font-size:11px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page17-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022017.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">17  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:65px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Ratings Round-Up </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:369px;left:826px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:384px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:87px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:111px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">FIGURE 2 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:124px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Rating Key </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:343px;left:824px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:354px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft055"><i> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:354px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:145px;left:220px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">BCF</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:145px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Bank Credit Facility Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:145px;left:544px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">MM</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:145px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Money-Market</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:164px;left:220px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">CFR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:164px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Corporate Family Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:164px;left:542px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">MTN</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:164px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">MTN Program Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:183px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">CP</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:183px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Commercial Paper Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:183px;left:538px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">Notes</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:183px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Notes</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:202px;left:221px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">FSR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:202px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Bank Financial Strength Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:202px;left:544px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:202px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Probability of Default Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:222px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">IFS</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Insurance Financial Strength Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:549px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">PS</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Preferred Stock Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:240px;left:225px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">IR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:240px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Issuer Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:240px;left:541px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">SGLR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:240px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Speculative-Grade Liquidity Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:259px;left:216px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">JrSub</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:259px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Junior Subordinated Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:259px;left:541px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">SLTD</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:259px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Short- and Long-Term Deposit Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:278px;left:219px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">LGD</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:278px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Loss Given Default Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:278px;left:540px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">SrSec</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:278px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Senior Secured Rating </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:297px;left:217px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">LTCF</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:297px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Long-Term Corporate Family Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:297px;left:532px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">SrUnsec</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:297px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Senior Unsecured Rating </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:315px;left:220px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">LTD</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:315px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Long-Term Deposit Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:315px;left:538px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">SrSub</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:315px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Senior Subordinated</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:219px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">LTIR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:268px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Long-Term Issuer Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:544px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft058">STD</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:592px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Short-Term Deposit Rating</p> </div> <!-- Page 18 --> <a name="18"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft060{font-size:10px;font-family:Times;color:#4aacc5;} .ft061{font-size:10px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft062{font-size:8px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft063{font-size:9px;font-family:Times;color:#4aacc5;} .ft064{font-size:9px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft065{font-size:7px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft066{font-size:10px;line-height:15px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} --> </style> <div id="page18-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022018.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">18  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:65px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Ratings Round-Up </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:771px;left:824px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:786px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:93px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">FIGURE 3 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:106px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Rating Changes: Corporate & Financial Institutions – US </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:718px;left:823px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:728px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft055"><i> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:730px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:748px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:766px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:147px;left:210px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Date</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:147px;left:326px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Company</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:147px;left:462px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Sector</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:147px;left:545px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:139px;left:628px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Amount   </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:154px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">($ Million)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:139px;left:685px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Up/ </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:154px;left:680px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Down</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:131px;left:722px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Old </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:147px;left:721px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">LTD </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:162px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:131px;left:757px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">New </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:147px;left:759px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">LTD </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:162px;left:752px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:147px;left:790px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft060">IG/SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/6/21 REALOGY GROUP LLC</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:537px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrSec/BCF</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:639px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">550</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:722px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Ba3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:759px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:228px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061"><chron>1/6/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft066">CAMPING WORLD HOLDINGS INC.              <br/>-<org>CWGS ENTERPRISES, LLC</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:228px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:537px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrSec/BCF                       </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:235px;left:520px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">/LTCFR/PDR/LGD</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:228px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:228px;left:725px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:228px;left:763px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:228px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:263px;left:208px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061"><chron>1/7/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:256px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft066">MHE US HOLDINGS, LLC                                                 <br/>-<org>MCGRAW HILL LLC</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:263px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:256px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrSec/SrUnsec                        </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:271px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">/BCF/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:263px;left:640px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">741</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:263px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:263px;left:718px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Caa3 Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:263px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061"><chron>1/8/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:291px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft066">GENWORTH FINANCIAL INC                        <br/>-GENWORTH HOLDINGS, INC.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:457px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Financial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrUnsec/JrSub</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:724px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:757px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:299px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061"><chron>1/8/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:327px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft066">AIP/HARDWOODS FUNDING, INC.                     <br/>-NORTHWEST HARDWOODS, INC.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:552px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:727px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">C</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:764px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:334px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/8/21 VINE OIL & GAS, LP</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial SrUnsec/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:639px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">910</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:725px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Ca</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:756px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:370px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061"><chron>1/8/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:398px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft066">RIVERBED PARENT, INC.                                  <br/>-RIVERBED TECHNOLOGY, INC.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:530px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrUnsec/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:635px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1,050</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:718px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Caa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:762px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Ca</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:406px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/11/21 FERRELL COMPANIES-FERRELLGAS, L.P. Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:530px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrUnsec/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:634px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">2,950</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:718px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Caa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:762px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Ca</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:441px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:477px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/11/21 LIFE TIME, INC.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:477px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:469px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrUnsec/SrSec                                     </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:484px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">/BCF/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:477px;left:638px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">450</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:477px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:477px;left:719px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Caa2 Caa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:477px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/11/21 ANTERO RESOURCES CORPORATION</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial SrUnsec/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:635px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">2,773</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:724px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:762px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:548px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/11/21 THOR INDUSTRIES, INC.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:548px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial SrSec/BCF/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:548px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:548px;left:725px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:548px;left:759px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Ba3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:548px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/11/21 WINNEBAGO INDUSTRIES, INC.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:519px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrSec/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:638px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">300</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:725px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:763px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:583px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:620px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">1/11/21 <org>ANTERO MIDSTREAM PARTNERS LP</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:620px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial SrUnsec/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:620px;left:634px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">2,500</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:620px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:620px;left:724px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:620px;left:762px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:620px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:656px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061"><chron>1/11/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:648px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft066">UTZ BRANDS HOLDINGS, LLC                     <br/>-UTZ QUALITY FOODS, LLC</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:656px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:656px;left:537px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrSec/BCF</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:656px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:656px;left:725px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:656px;left:763px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">B1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:656px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061"><chron>1/12/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft066">PAREXEL INTERNATIONAL <br/>CORPORATION</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:456px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:682px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SrUnsec/SrSec                           </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:697px;left:522px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">/BCf/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:639px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">770</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:719px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">Caa2 Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:798px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft061">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:714px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft062"><i>Source: Moody's</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:807px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">FIGURE 4 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:820px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07">Rating Changes: Corporate & Financial Institutions – Europe </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1023px;left:823px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1038px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft055"><i> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1040px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:212px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Date</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:313px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Company</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:433px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Sector</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:500px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:853px;left:567px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Amount   </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:867px;left:561px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">($ Million)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:853px;left:622px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Up/ </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:867px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Down</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:846px;left:656px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Old </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:656px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">LTD </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:874px;left:650px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:846px;left:689px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">New </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:690px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">LTD </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:874px;left:684px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Rating</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:719px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">IG/SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:860px;left:767px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft063">Country</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:209px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><chron>1/7/21</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:251px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">TECHNIPFMC PLC</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:427px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Industrial SrUnsec/LTIR/CP</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:574px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1,052</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:627px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:654px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2 Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:903px;left:728px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">IG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:896px;left:768px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">UNITED </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:910px;left:762px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">KINGDOM</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:935px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1/11/21 ARVOS MIDCO S.A R.L.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:935px;left:427px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:928px;left:493px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">SrSec/BCF                          </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:942px;left:488px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">/LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:935px;left:627px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:935px;left:659px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:935px;left:689px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:935px;left:727px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">SG LUXEMBOURG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:968px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1/11/21 FIAT CHRYSLER AUTOMOBILES N.V. Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:968px;left:485px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">SrUnsec/MTN</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:968px;left:570px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">10,202</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:968px;left:627px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">U</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:968px;left:656px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:968px;left:688px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:968px;left:727px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">SG NETHERLANDS</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1001px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1/11/21 INEOS QUATTRO HOLDINGS LTD</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1001px;left:427px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Industrial</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1001px;left:490px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">LTCFR/PDR</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1001px;left:627px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">D</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1001px;left:656px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1001px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1001px;left:727px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">SG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:994px;left:768px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">UNITED </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1008px;left:762px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">KINGDOM</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1025px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft065"><i>Source: Moody's</i></p> </div> <!-- Page 19 --> <a name="19"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft067{font-size:19px;font-family:Times;color:#00afef;} .ft068{font-size:16px;font-family:Times;color:#00afef;} .ft069{font-size:19px;line-height:25px;font-family:Times;color:#00afef;} .ft070{font-size:16px;line-height:22px;font-family:Times;color:#00afef;} --> </style> <div id="page19-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022019.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">19  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:60px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Market Data </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft069">Market Data <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:139px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft070">Spreads <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:453px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:479px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:773px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:421px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:374px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:328px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:282px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">600</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:236px;left:838px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:421px;left:218px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:374px;left:206px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:328px;left:206px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:282px;left:206px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">600</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:236px;left:206px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:435px;left:222px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:217px;left:200px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Spread (bp)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:219px;left:804px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Spread (bp)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:204px;left:240px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"> Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:204px;left:302px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"> A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:204px;left:360px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"> Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:453px;left:202px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft056"><i>Source: Moody's</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:186px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Figure  1: 5-Year  Median Spreads-Global Data (High Grade)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:741px;left:830px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:705px;left:830px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:669px;left:830px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:633px;left:830px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">1,200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:597px;left:830px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">1,600</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:560px;left:830px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">2,000</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:741px;left:227px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:705px;left:215px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:669px;left:215px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:633px;left:209px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">1,200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:597px;left:208px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">1,600</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:560px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">2,000</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:756px;left:232px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:546px;left:200px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Spread (bp)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:546px;left:812px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft036">Spread (bp)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:532px;left:236px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"> Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:532px;left:295px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"> B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:532px;left:348px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"> Caa-C</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:772px;left:198px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft056"><i>Source: Moody's</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:205px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Figure  2: 5-Year  Median Spreads-Global  Data (High  Yield)</p> </div> <!-- Page 20 --> <a name="20"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft071{font-size:9px;font-family:Times;color:#528dd4;} .ft072{font-size:9px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft073{font-size:9px;line-height:17px;font-family:Times;color:#528dd4;} .ft074{font-size:9px;line-height:16px;font-family:Times;color:#528dd4;} --> </style> <div id="page20-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022020.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">20  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:60px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Market Data </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:87px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft067">CDS Movers </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:123px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:949px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft067"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:175px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft073">CDS Implied Rating Rises<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:517px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:613px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:192px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:207px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:207px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aaa</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:207px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:207px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:222px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:222px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:222px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:222px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:237px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Toyota Motor Credit Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:237px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:237px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:237px;left:716px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:253px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Apple Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:253px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:253px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:253px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:268px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">3M Company</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:268px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:268px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:268px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:283px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Burlington Northern Santa Fe, LLC</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:283px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:283px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:283px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:298px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Exelon Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:298px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:298px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:298px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:314px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Eversource Energy</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:314px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:314px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:314px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:329px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">AutoZone, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:329px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:329px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:329px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:343px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Automatic Data Processing, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:342px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:342px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:342px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:374px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft074">CDS Implied Rating Declines<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:390px;left:517px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:390px;left:613px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:390px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:405px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Omnicom Group, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:405px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:405px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:405px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:420px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Verizon Communications Inc</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:420px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:420px;left:616px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:420px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:435px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Altria Group Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:435px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:435px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:435px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:451px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Cox Communications, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:451px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:451px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:451px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:466px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">United Airlines, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:466px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ca</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:466px;left:615px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:466px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:481px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Carnival Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:481px;left:520px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:481px;left:615px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:481px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:496px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Tyson Foods, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:496px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:496px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:496px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">National Rural Utilities Coop. Finance Corp.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:512px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:527px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Conagra Brands, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:527px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:527px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:527px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:541px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Univision Communications Inc</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:540px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:540px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:540px;left:709px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:572px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft074">CDS Spread Increases<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:588px;left:498px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:588px;left:611px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:588px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:588px;left:789px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Spread Diff</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:603px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>American Airlines Group Inc</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:603px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:603px;left:615px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1,329</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:603px;left:708px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1,284</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:603px;left:809px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">46</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:618px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Carnival Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:618px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:618px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">564</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:618px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">525</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:618px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">39</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:634px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Rite Aid Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:634px;left:520px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:634px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">667</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:634px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">641</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:634px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">27</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:649px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Staples, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:649px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:649px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">674</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:649px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">647</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:649px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">26</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:664px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Dish DBS Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:664px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:664px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">468</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:664px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">444</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:664px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">25</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:679px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>American Axle & Manufacturing, Inc</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:679px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:679px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">388</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:679px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">363</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:679px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">25</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:694px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Talen Energy Supply, LLC</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:694px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:694px;left:614px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1,079</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:694px;left:708px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1,059</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:694px;left:809px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">20</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Yum! Brands Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">107</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">89</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">18</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:725px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Liberty Interactive LLC</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:725px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:725px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">304</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:725px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">288</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:725px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">16</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:739px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Univision Communications Inc</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:738px;left:520px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:738px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">342</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:738px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">328</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:738px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">14</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:770px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft074">CDS Spread Decreases<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:786px;left:498px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:786px;left:611px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:786px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:786px;left:789px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Spread Diff</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Nabors Industries, Inc</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:520px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:614px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1,459</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:709px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">1,626</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:805px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-167</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Macy's Retail Holdings, LLC</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">522</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">575</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:816px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-53</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Murphy Oil Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">334</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">374</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:832px;left:807px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-40</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:847px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">United States Steel Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:847px;left:520px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:847px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">462</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:847px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">500</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:847px;left:807px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-38</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:862px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Occidental Petroleum Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:862px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:862px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">349</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:862px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">383</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:862px;left:807px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-34</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:877px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Computer Sciences Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:877px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:877px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">79</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:877px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">107</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:877px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-29</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:893px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Cameron International Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:893px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:893px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">85</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:893px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">112</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:893px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-27</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:908px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Devon Energy Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:908px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:908px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">107</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:908px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">128</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:908px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-21</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:923px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Nissan Motor Acceptance Corporation</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:923px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:923px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">224</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:923px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">242</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:923px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-18</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:937px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Nordstrom, Inc.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:936px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:936px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">277</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:936px;left:713px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">295</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:936px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-18</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:953px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft072"><i>Source: Moody's, CMA</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:770px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Spreads </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:175px;left:532px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Implied Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:374px;left:532px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Implied Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:572px;left:691px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Spreads </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:154px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Figure 3.  CDS Movers - US (<chron>January 6, 2021</chron> – January 13, 2021)</p> </div> <!-- Page 21 --> <a name="21"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;}--> </style> <div id="page21-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022021.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">21  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:60px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Market Data </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:886px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft067"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:109px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft073">CDS Implied Rating Rises<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:127px;left:516px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:127px;left:612px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:127px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:142px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>ENGIE SA</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:142px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:142px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:142px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:157px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">E.ON SE</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:157px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:157px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:157px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:172px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">UBS AG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:172px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:172px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:172px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:188px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Telia Company AB</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:188px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:188px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:188px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:203px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Vattenfall AB</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:203px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:203px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:203px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:218px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">ENGIE Alliance</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:218px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:218px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:218px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:233px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Natixis</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:233px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:233px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:233px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:249px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Rabobank</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:249px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aaa</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:249px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:249px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:264px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Societe Generale</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:264px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:264px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:264px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:278px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">BNP Paribas</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:277px;left:523px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:277px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:277px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:309px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft074">CDS Implied Rating Declines<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:325px;left:516px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:325px;left:612px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:325px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:340px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">HSBC Holdings plc</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:340px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:340px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:340px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:355px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:355px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:355px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:355px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:371px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Credit Suisse Group AG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:371px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:371px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:371px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:386px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Casino Guichard-Perrachon SA</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:386px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ca</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:386px;left:614px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:386px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:401px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Credit Suisse AG</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:401px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:401px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:401px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Aa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:416px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Publicis Groupe S.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:416px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:416px;left:615px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:416px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:432px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Eksportfinans ASA</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:432px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:432px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:432px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:447px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Solvay SA</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:447px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:447px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:447px;left:710px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:462px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Proximus SA de droit public</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:462px;left:526px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:462px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:462px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">A1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:476px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Deutsche Lufthansa Aktiengesellschaft</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:475px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:475px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:475px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft074">CDS Spread Increases<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:523px;left:498px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:523px;left:610px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:523px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:523px;left:789px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Spread Diff</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:538px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Novafives S.A.S.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:538px;left:520px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:538px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">790</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:538px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">758</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:538px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">31</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:554px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Boparan Finance plc</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:554px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:554px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">544</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:554px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">524</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:554px;left:809px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">20</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:569px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Publicis Groupe S.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:569px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:569px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">73</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:569px;left:715px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">59</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:569px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">14</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:584px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ardagh Packaging Finance plc</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:584px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:584px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">213</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:584px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:584px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">13</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Deutsche Lufthansa Aktiengesellschaft</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">281</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">269</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">12</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:615px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Altice Finco S.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:615px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:615px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">371</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:615px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">360</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:615px;left:811px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">11</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:630px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>TUI AG</org></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:630px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:630px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">735</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:630px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">724</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:630px;left:811px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">11</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">RCI Banque</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">176</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">166</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:645px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">10</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:660px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Renault S.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:660px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba2</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:660px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">172</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:660px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">162</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:660px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">10</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:675px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Ziggo Bond Company B.V</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:674px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:674px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">222</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:674px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">212</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:674px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">10</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:705px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft074">CDS Spread Decreases<br/>Issuer</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:721px;left:498px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Senior Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:721px;left:610px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 13</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:721px;left:707px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071"><chron>Jan. 6</chron></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:721px;left:789px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">Spread Diff</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:737px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Jaguar Land Rover Automotive Plc</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:737px;left:527px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">B1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:737px;left:617px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">493</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:737px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">575</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:737px;left:807px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-82</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:752px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena S.p.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:752px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:752px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">175</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:752px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:752px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-25</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:767px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Marks & Spencer p.l.c.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:767px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:767px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">227</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:767px;left:711px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">245</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:767px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-19</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:782px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064"><org>Caixa Geral de Depositos, S.A</org>.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:782px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:782px;left:620px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">89</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:782px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">107</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:782px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-18</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">METRO Finance B.V.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">69</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">82</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:798px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-13</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:813px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Telefonica S.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:813px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:813px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">71</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:813px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">83</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:813px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-12</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:828px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Hammerson Plc</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:828px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:828px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">292</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:828px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">301</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:828px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-10</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:843px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">GKN Holdings Limited</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:843px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Ba1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:843px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">163</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:843px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">173</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:843px;left:808px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-10</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:859px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Banco Sabadell, S.A.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:859px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Baa3</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:859px;left:621px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">77</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:859px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">86</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:859px;left:811px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-9</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:873px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Stena AB</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:872px;left:521px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">Caa1</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:872px;left:618px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">519</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:872px;left:712px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">527</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:872px;left:810px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft064">-8</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:889px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft072"><i>Source: Moody's, CMA</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:705px;left:690px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Spreads </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:110px;left:531px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Implied Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:309px;left:531px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Implied Ratings</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:507px;left:690px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft071">CDS Spreads </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Figure 4.  CDS Movers - Europe (<chron>January 6, 2021</chron> – January 13, 2021)</p> </div> <!-- Page 22 --> <a name="22"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft075{font-size:10px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft076{font-size:12px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft077{font-size:11px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft078{font-size:14px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft079{font-size:10px;line-height:18px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft080{font-size:10px;line-height:18px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page22-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022022.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">22  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:60px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Market Data </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:86px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft067">Issuance </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:116px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft079"><i> <br/> <br/> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:474px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:490px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft080"> <br/> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:829px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:845px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft075"><i> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:424px;left:827px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:381px;left:827px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">700</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:339px;left:827px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">1,400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:297px;left:827px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2,100</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:255px;left:827px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2,800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:424px;left:224px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:381px;left:210px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">700</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:339px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">1,400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:297px;left:200px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2,100</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:255px;left:198px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2,800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:259px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Jan Feb Mar</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:368px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Apr</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:410px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">May</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:468px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Jun</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:514px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Jul</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:554px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Aug</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:610px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Sep</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:665px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Oct</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:708px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Nov</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:442px;left:764px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Dec</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:225px;left:203px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Issuance ($B)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:224px;left:783px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Issuance ($B)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:224px;left:410px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2018</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:224px;left:498px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2019</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:224px;left:585px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2020</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:224px;left:673px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2021</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:465px;left:203px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft077"><i>Source:  </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:466px;left:246px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft072"><i>Moody's  / Dealogic</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:177px;left:210px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft078">Figure 5. Market Cumulative Issuance - Corporate & Financial Institutions: USD Denominated</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:783px;left:829px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:746px;left:829px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:829px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:673px;left:829px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">600</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:636px;left:829px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:829px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">1,000</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:783px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">0</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:746px;left:208px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">200</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:710px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">400</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:673px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">600</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:636px;left:207px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">800</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:198px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">1,000</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:258px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Jan Feb Mar</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:369px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Apr</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:411px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">May</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:470px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Jun</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:517px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Jul</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:558px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Aug</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:615px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Sep</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:670px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Oct</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:714px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Nov</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:802px;left:771px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Dec</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:571px;left:206px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Issuance ($B)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:571px;left:783px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">Issuance ($B)</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:573px;left:416px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2018</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:573px;left:503px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2019</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:573px;left:590px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2020</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:573px;left:679px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">2021</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:819px;left:202px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft077"><i>Source:  </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:820px;left:245px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft072"><i>Moody's / Dealogic</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:535px;left:209px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft078">Figure 6. Market Cumulative Issuance - Corporate & Financial Institutions: Euro  Denominated</p> </div> <!-- Page 23 --> <a name="23"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft081{font-size:13px;font-family:Times;color:#333333;} .ft082{font-size:13px;font-family:Times;color:#4aacc5;} --> </style> <div id="page23-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022023.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">23  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:61px;left:60px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft031">Market Data </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:400px;left:864px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:403px;left:1080px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft075"><i> </i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:144px;left:394px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Investment-Grade</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:144px;left:588px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">High-Yield</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:144px;left:774px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Total*</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:164px;left:423px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Amount</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:164px;left:596px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Amount</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:164px;left:768px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Amount</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:182px;left:440px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">$B</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:182px;left:613px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">$B</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:182px;left:786px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">$B</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:201px;left:265px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Weekly</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:201px;left:427px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">57.572</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:201px;left:601px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">17.671</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:201px;left:772px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">75.243</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:247px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Year-to-Date</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:427px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">57.572</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:601px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">17.671</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:221px;left:772px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">77.943</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:276px;left:394px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Investment-Grade</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:276px;left:588px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">High-Yield</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:276px;left:774px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Total*</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:296px;left:423px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Amount</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:296px;left:596px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Amount</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:296px;left:768px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Amount</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:313px;left:440px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">$B</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:313px;left:613px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">$B</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:313px;left:786px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">$B</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:333px;left:265px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Weekly</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:333px;left:427px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">22.527</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:333px;left:602px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">2.460</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:333px;left:772px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">25.449</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:353px;left:247px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">Year-to-Date</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:353px;left:427px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">22.527</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:353px;left:602px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">2.460</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:353px;left:772px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft081">25.449</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:374px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft076">* Difference represents issuance with pending ratings.</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:394px;left:199px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft077"><i>Source: Moody's/ Dealogic</i></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:123px;left:560px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft082">USD Denominated</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:256px;left:560px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft082">Euro Denominated</p> <p style="position:absolute;top:100px;left:200px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft078">Figure 7. Issuance: Corporate & Financial Institutions</p> </div> <!-- Page 24 --> <a name="24"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft083{font-size:12px;font-family:Times;color:#4471c4;} .ft084{font-size:12px;font-family:Times;color:#1256c5;} --> </style> <div id="page24-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022024.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">24  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:88px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft016">Moody’s Capital Markets Research recent publications  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:112px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft014"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:141px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1260016">Stimulatory Monetary and Fiscal Policies Enhance Corporate Credit Outlook (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:168px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1257981">Financial Markets Have Largely Priced-In 2021’s Positive Outlook (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:195px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1256084">Core Profits and U.S. Equities Set New Record Highs (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:222px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1254515">Operating Leverage May Help to Narrow Yield Spreads in 2021 (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:249px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1253621">Resurgent COVID-19 Threatens Corporate Credit’s Improved Trend (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:276px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1252694">Split Congress Sparks Rallies by Equities, Corporates and Treasuries (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:303px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1252011">Credit Disputes Equities Gloom (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:330px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1251233">Corporate Cash Outruns Corporate Debt (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:357px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1250445">Profits Give Direction to Downgrades and Defaults (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:384px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1249454">Markets Sense an Upturn Despite Pockets of Profound Misery (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:411px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1248577">Record-High Bond Issuance Aids Nascent Upturn (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:437px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1247001">Corporate Bond Issuance Boom May Steady Credit Quality, On Balance (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:464px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1246017">Markets, Bankers and Analysts Differ on 2021’s Default Rate (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:491px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1245136">Corporate Credit Mostly Unfazed by Equity Volatility (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:518px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1244311">Record August for Bond Issuance May Aid Credit Quality (Capital Market Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:545px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1243433">Fed Policy Shift Bodes Well for Corporate Credit (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:572px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1241727">Markets Avoid Great Recession’s Calamities (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:599px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/researchdocumentcontentpage.aspx?docid=PBC_1240950">Liquidity Surge Hints of More Upside Surprises (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:626px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1240102">Unprecedented Stimulus Lessens the Blow from Real GDP’s Record Dive (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:653px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1239249">Ultra-Low Bond Yields Buoy Corporate Borrowing (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:679px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1237222">Record-High Savings Rate and Ample Liquidity May Fund an Upside Surprise (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:706px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1235538">Unprecedented Demographic Change Will Shape Credit Markets Through 2030 (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:733px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1234558">Net High-Yield Downgrades Drop from Dreadful Readings of March and April (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:760px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1232454">Long Stay by Low Rates Fuels Corporate Debt and Equity Rallies (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:787px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1234794">Why Industrial (Warehouse) Will (Likely) Fare Better </a>(Capital Markers Research) </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:814px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1234559">CECL Adoption and Q1 Results Amid COVID-19 (</a>Capital Markets Research) </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:841px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBS_1234175">Continued Signs of Weakness in US Non-Agency RMBS (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:868px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBS_1233919">COVID-19 and Distress in CMBS Markets (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:895px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1231194">Record-Fast Money Growth Eases Market Anxiety (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:921px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft083"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1230295">Default Outlook: Markets Appear Less Worried than Credit Analysts (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:948px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft084"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1229126">High Technology Is North America’s Biggest Corporate Borrower (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:975px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft084"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1228055">Troubling Default Outlook Warns Against Complacency (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1002px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft084"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1226792">Fed Intervention Sparks Back-to-Back Record Highs for IG Issuance (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1029px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft084"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/viewresearchdoc.aspx?docid=PBC_1225812">April’s Financial Markets Transcend Miserable Economic Data (Capital Markets Research) </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1055px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft07"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1056px;left:412px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft084"> </p> </div> <!-- Page 25 --> <a name="25"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;}--> </style> <div id="page25-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022025.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">25  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:99px;left:153px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">To order reprints of this report (100 copies minimum), please call <PhoneNo>212.553.1658</PhoneNo>. </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:103px;left:153px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:130px;left:183px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:158px;left:155px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Report Number:  1261022 </p> <p 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class="ft059">+44 (0) 20.7772.5588 </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:225px;left:533px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">Asia: </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:225px;left:736px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft059">813.5408.4131 </p> </div> <!-- Page 26 --> <a name="26"></a> <style type="text/css"> <!-- p {margin: 0; padding: 0;} .ft085{font-size:9px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} .ft086{font-size:9px;font-family:Times;color:#0000ff;} .ft087{font-size:9px;line-height:17px;font-family:Times;color:#000000;} --> </style> <div id="page26-div" style="position:relative;width:918px;height:1188px;"> <img width="918" height="1188" src="http://mco.acquiremedia.com/images/PBC_1261022026.png" alt="background image"/> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:223px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:31px;left:250px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft00"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1136px;left:196px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:55px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">26  </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:109px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030"><chron>JANUARY 14, 2021</chron> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1144px;left:568px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft030">CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH  /  MARKET OUTLOOK  /  <a href="http://MOODYS.COM">MOODYS.COM</a> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:26px;left:687px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft04"><b>CAPITAL MARKETS RESEARCH </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:40px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:55px;left:524px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft01"> </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:87px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">© 2021 Moody’s Corporation, Moody’s <org>Investors Service, Inc</org>., Moody’s Analytics, Inc. and/or their licensors and affiliates (collectively, “MOODY’S”). All rights reserved. <br/><b>CREDIT RATINGS ISSUED BY MOODY'S CREDIT RATINGS AFFILIATES ARE THEIR CURRENT OPINIONS OF THE RELATIVE FUTURE CREDIT RISK OF ENTITIES, CREDIT </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:117px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>COMMITMENTS, OR DEBT OR DEBT-LIKE SECURITIES, AND MATERIALS, PRODUCTS, SERVICES AND INFORMATION PUBLISHED BY MOODY’S (COLLECTIVELY, </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:130px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>“PUBLICATIONS”) MAY INCLUDE SUCH  CURRENT OPINIONS. MOODY’S DEFINES CREDIT RISK AS THE RISK THAT AN ENTITY MAY NOT MEET ITS CONTRACTUAL </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:143px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS AS THEY COME DUE AND ANY ESTIMATED FINANCIAL LOSS IN THE EVENT OF DEFAULT OR IMPAIRMENT. SEE APPLICABLE MOODY’S </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:156px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>RATING SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS PUBLICATION FOR INFORMATION ON THE TYPES OF CONTRACTUAL FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS ADDRESSED BY MOODY’S </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:169px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>CREDIT RATINGS. CREDIT RATINGS DO NOT ADDRESS ANY OTHER RISK, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO: LIQUIDITY RISK, MARKET VALUE RISK, OR PRICE </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:181px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>VOLATILITY. CREDIT RATINGS, NON-CREDIT ASSESSMENTS (“ASSESSMENTS”), AND  OTHER OPINIONS INCLUDED IN MOODY’S PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:194px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>STATEMENTS OF CURRENT OR HISTORICAL FACT. MOODY’S PUBLICATIONS MAY ALSO INCLUDE QUANTITATIVE MODEL-BASED ESTIMATES OF CREDIT RISK AND </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:207px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>RELATED OPINIONS OR COMMENTARY PUBLISHED BY MOODY’S ANALYTICS, INC. AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES. MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:220px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>OPINIONS AND PUBLICATIONS DO NOT CONSTITUTE OR PROVIDE INVESTMENT OR FINANCIAL ADVICE, AND MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:233px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>OPINIONS AND  PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT AND DO NOT PROVIDE RECOMMENDATIONS TO PURCHASE, SELL, OR HOLD PARTICULAR SECURITIES. MOODY’S </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:246px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS AND  PUBLICATIONS DO NOT COMMENT ON THE SUITABILITY OF AN INVESTMENT FOR ANY PARTICULAR </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:259px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>INVESTOR. MOODY’S ISSUES ITS CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS AND OTHER OPINIONS AND PUBLISHES  ITS PUBLICATIONS WITH THE EXPECTATION AND </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:271px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>UNDERSTANDING THAT EACH INVESTOR WILL, WITH DUE CARE, MAKE ITS OWN STUDY AND EVALUATION OF EACH SECURITY THAT IS UNDER CONSIDERATION </b></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:284px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft085"><b>FOR PURCHASE, HOLDING, OR SALE. </b>MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OTHER OPINIONS, AND PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE BY RETAIL </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:297px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">INVESTORS AND IT WOULD BE RECKLESS AND INAPPROPRIATE FOR RETAIL INVESTORS TO USE MOODY’S CREDIT RATINGS OR MOODY’S PUBLICATIONS WHEN MAKING </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:310px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">AN INVESTMENT DECISION. IF IN DOUBT YOU SHOULD CONTACT YOUR FINANCIAL OR OTHER PROFESSIONAL ADVISER. <br/>ALL INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PROTECTED BY LAW, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, COPYRIGHT LAW, AND NONE OF SUCH INFORMATION MAY BE COPIED </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:340px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">OR OTHERWISE REPRODUCED, REPACKAGED, FURTHER TRANSMITTED, TRANSFERRED, DISSEMINATED, REDISTRIBUTED OR RESOLD, OR STORED FOR SUBSEQUENT USE FOR </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:353px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">ANY SUCH PURPOSE, IN WHOLE OR IN PART, IN ANY FORM OR MANNER OR BY ANY MEANS WHATSOEVER, BY ANY PERSON WITHOUT MOODY’S PRIOR WRITTEN </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:366px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">CONSENT. <br/>MOOD’S CREDIT RATINGS, ASSESSMENTS, OR OTHER OPINIONS AND PUBLICATIONS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE BY ANY PERSON AS A BENCHMARK AS THAT TERM IS </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:396px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">DEFINED FOR REGULATORY PURPOSES AND MUST NOT BE USED IN ANY WAY THAT COULD RESULT IN THEM BEING CONSIDERED A BENCHMARK. <br/>All information contained herein is obtained by MOODY’S from sources believed by it to be accurate and reliable. Because of the possibility of human or mechanical error as well as </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:426px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">other factors, however, all information contained herein is provided “AS IS” without warranty of any kind. MOODY'S adopts all necessary measures so that the information it uses </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:439px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">in assigning a credit rating is of sufficient quality and from sources MOODY'S considers to be reliable including, when appropriate, independent third-party sources. However, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:452px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">MOODY’S is not an auditor and cannot in every instance independently verify or validate information received in the rating process or in preparing the Moody’s publications.  <br/>To the extent permitted by law, MOODY’S and its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors and suppliers disclaim liability to any person or entity for any </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:482px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">indirect, special, consequential, or incidental losses or damages whatsoever arising from or in connection with the information contained herein or the use of or inability to use any </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:495px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">such information, even if MOODY’S or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors or suppliers is advised in advance of the possibility of such losses </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:508px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">or damages, including but not limited to: (a) any loss of present or prospective profits or (b) any loss or damage arising where the relevant financial instrument is not the subject of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:521px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">a particular credit rating assigned by MOODY’S. <br/>To the extent permitted by law, MOODY’S and its directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, licensors and suppliers disclaim liability for any direct or compensatory </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:551px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">losses or damages caused to any person or entity, including but not limited to by any negligence (but excluding fraud, willful misconduct or any other type of liability that, for the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:564px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">avoidance of doubt, by law cannot be excluded) on the part of, or any contingency within or beyond the control of, MOODY’S or any of its directors, officers, employees, agents, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:577px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">representatives, licensors or suppliers, arising from or in connection with the information contained herein or the use of or inability to use any such information. <br/>NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OF ANY </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:607px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">CREDIT RATING OR OTHER OPINION OR INFORMATION IS GIVEN OR MADE BY MOODY’S IN ANY FORM OR MANNER WHATSOEVER. <br/>Moody’s <org>Investors Service, Inc</org>., a wholly-owned credit rating agency subsidiary of Moody’s Corporation (“MCO”), hereby discloses that most issuers of debt securities (including </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:637px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">corporate and municipal bonds, debentures, notes and commercial paper) and preferred stock rated by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. have, prior to assignment of any rating, </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:650px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">agreed to pay to Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. for ratings opinions and services rendered by it fees ranging from <money>$1,000</money> to approximately <money>$5,000,000</money>. MCO and MIS also </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:663px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">maintain policies and procedures to address the independence of MIS’s ratings and rating processes. Information regarding certain affiliations that may exist between directors of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:676px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">MCO and rated entities, and between entities who hold ratings from MIS and have also publicly reported to the SEC an ownership interest in MCO of more than 5%, is posted </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">annually<a href="http://www.moodys.com/"> at </a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:113px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft086"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/"><a href="http://www.moodys.com">www.moodys.com</a></a></p> <p style="position:absolute;top:689px;left:197px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><a href="http://www.moodys.com/"> u</a>nder the heading “Investor Relations — Corporate Governance — Director and Shareholder Affiliation Policy.” </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:706px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Additional terms for Australia only: Any publication into Australia of this document is pursuant to the Australian Financial Services License of MOODY’S affiliate, Moody’s Investors </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:719px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Service Pty Limited ABN 61 003 399 657AFSL 336969 and/or Moody’s Analytics Australia Pty Ltd ABN 94 105 136 972 AFSL 383569 (as applicable). This document is intended to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:732px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">be provided only to “wholesale clients” within the meaning of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001. By continuing to access this document from within Australia, you </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:745px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">represent to MOODY’S that you are, or are accessing the document as a representative of, a “wholesale client” and that neither you nor the entity you represent will directly or </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:758px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">indirectly disseminate this document or its contents to “retail clients” within the meaning of section 761G of the Corporations Act 2001. MOODY’S credit rating is an opinion as to </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:771px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">the creditworthiness of a debt obligation of the issuer, not on the equity securities of the issuer or any form of security that is available to retail investors. <br/>Additional terms for Japan only: Moody's Japan K.K. (“MJKK”) is a wholly owned credit rating agency subsidiary of Moody's Group Japan G.K., which is wholly owned by Moody’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:801px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><org>Overseas Holdings Inc.</org>, a wholly owned subsidiary of MCO. Moody’s SF Japan K.K. (“MSFJ”) is a wholly owned credit rating agency subsidiary of MJKK. MSFJ is not a Nationally </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:814px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05"><org>Recognized Statistical Rating Organization</org> (“NRSRO”). Therefore, credit ratings assigned by MSFJ are Non-NRSRO Credit Ratings. Non-NRSRO Credit Ratings are assigned by an </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:826px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">entity that is not a NRSRO and, consequently, the rated obligation will not qualify for certain types of treatment under U.S. laws. MJKK and MSFJ are credit rating agencies </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:839px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">registered with the Japan Financial Services Agency and their registration numbers are FSA Commissioner (Ratings) No. 2 and 3 respectively. <br/>MJKK or MSFJ (as applicable) hereby disclose that most issuers of debt securities (including corporate and municipal bonds, debentures, notes and commercial paper) and preferred </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:870px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">stock rated by MJKK or MSFJ (as applicable) have, prior to assignment of any rating, agreed to pay to MJKK or MSFJ (as applicable) for ratings opinions and services rendered by its </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:882px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">fees ranging from <money>JPY125,000</money> to approximately <money>JPY550,000,000</money>. <br/>MJKK and MSFJ also maintain policies and procedures to address Japanese regulatory requirements. <br/>For Publications Issued by Moody’s <org>Capital Markets Research, Inc</org>. only: <br/>The statements contained in this research report are based solely upon the opinions of Moody’s <org>Capital Markets Research, Inc</org>. and the data and information available to the </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:947px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">authors at the time of publication of this report. There is no assurance that any predicted results will actually occur. Past performance is no guarantee of future results. <br/>The analysis in this report has not been made available to any issuer prior to publication. <br/>When making an investment decision, investors should use additional sources of information and consult with their investment advisor. Investing in securities involves certain risks </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:995px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft087">including possible fluctuations in investment return and loss of principal. Investing in bonds presents additional risks, including changes in interest rates and credit risk. <br/><org>Moody's Capital Markets Research, Inc</org>., is a subsidiary of MCO. Please note that Moody’s Analytics, Inc., an affiliate of Moody’s <org>Capital Markets Research, Inc.</org> and a subsidiary of </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1025px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">MCO, provides a wide range of research and analytical products and services to corporations and participants in the financial markets. Customers of Moody’s Analytics, Inc. may </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1038px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">include companies mentioned in this report. Please be advised that a conflict may exist and that any investment decisions you make are your own responsibility. The Moody’s </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1051px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Analytics logo is used on certain Moody’s <org>Capital Markets Research, Inc</org>. products for marketing purposes only. Moody’s <org>Analytics, Inc.</org> is a separate company from Moody’s Capital </p> <p style="position:absolute;top:1064px;left:61px;white-space:nowrap" class="ft05">Markets Research, Inc. </p> </div> </body> </html>