UPDATE 2-Gang says ICBC paid ransom over hack that disrupted US Treasury market

(Adds industry group comment in paragraphs 8-9, context in paragraphs 13-14)

By James Pearson

LONDON, Nov 13 (Reuters) - China's biggest lender, the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, paid a ransom after it was hacked last week, a Lockbit ransomware gang representative said on Monday in a statement which Reuters was unable to independently verify.

ICBC, whose U.S. arm was hit by a ransomware attack that disrupted trades in the U.S. Treasury market on Nov. 9, did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

"They paid a ransom, deal closed," the Lockbit representative told Reuters via Tox, an online messaging app.

The blackout at ICBC's U.S. broker-dealer left it temporarily owing BNY Mellon $9 billion, an amount many times larger than its net capital.

The hack was so extensive that even corporate email at the firm ceased to function, forcing employees to switch to Google mail, Reuters reported.

"The market is mostly back to normal now," said Zhiwei Ren, a portfolio manager at Penn Mutual Asset Management.

The ransomware attack came at a time of heightened worries about the resiliency of the $26 trillion Treasury market, essential to the plumbing of global finance, and is likely to draw scrutiny from regulators.

A spokesperson for the U.S. Treasury Department did not immediately provide comment on Monday.

The Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center, a financial industry cybersecurity group, said financial firms have well-established protocols for sharing information on such incidents.

"We are reminding members to stay current on all protective measures and patch critical vulnerabilities immediately," a spokesperson said in a statement, adding: "Ransomware remains one of the top threat vectors facing the financial sector."

WHY PAY?

Lockbit has hacked some of the world's largest organisations in recent months, stealing and leaking sensitive data in cases where victims refused to pay ransom. In just three years, it has become the world's top ransomware threat, according to U.S. officials.

Nowhere has it been more disruptive than in the United States, hitting more than 1,700 American organisations in nearly every sector from financial services and food to schools, transportation and government departments.

Authorities have long advised against paying ransomware gangs in a bid to break the criminals' business model. Ransom is usually demanded in the form of cryptocurrency, which is harder to trace and gives the receiver anonymity.

Some companies have quietly paid up in a bid to get back online quickly and avoid the reputational damage of having their sensitive data publicly leaked. Victims who do not have digital backups that allow them to restore their systems without the need of a decryption key sometimes have no choice but to pay.

Last week, Lockbit hackers published internal data from aerospace giant Boeing and said on their website they had infected computer systems at law firm Allen & Overy. (Reporting by James Pearson in London; Additional reporting by Davide Barbuscia, Carolina Mandl and Tatiana Bautzer in New York, and Pete Schroeder in Washington DC; Editing by Michelle Price, David Goodman, Jonathan Oatis and Alexander Smith)