Orrstown Financial Services, Inc. Reports Fourth Quarter 2023 Results and Record Earnings for Full Year 2023

Orrstown Financial Services, Inc.

• Net income of $7.6 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.73 for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to net income of $9.0 million and diluted earnings per share of $0.87 for the three months ended September 30, 2023; net income of $35.7 million and diluted earnings per share of $3.42 for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to net income of $22.0 million and diluted earnings per share of $2.06 for the year ended December 31, 2022;

• On December 12, 2023, the Company and Codorus Valley Bancorp, Inc. ("Codorus Valley") announced that they have entered into a merger agreement pursuant to which Codorus Valley will be merged with and into the Company in a merger of equals transaction. Excluding the impact of $1.1 million in merger-related expenses, net income and diluted earnings per share, respectively, were $8.6 million⁽¹⁾ and $0.83⁽¹⁾ for the fourth quarter of 2023 and $36.6 million⁽¹⁾ and $3.51⁽¹⁾ for the year ended December 31, 2023; excluding the impact from the provision for legal settlement ("legal settlement") and restructuring charge, net income and diluted earnings per share were $34.8 million⁽¹⁾ and $3.25⁽¹⁾, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2022;

• Net interest margin, on a tax equivalent basis, was 3.71% in the fourth quarter of 2023 as compared to 3.73% in the third quarter of 2023;

• Return on average equity for the year ended December 31, 2023 was 14.66% compared to 9.02% for the year ended December 31, 2022; excluding the aforementioned significant transactions in both 2023 and 2022, return on average equity was 15.06% for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 14.25% for the year ended December 31, 2022;

• Fourth quarter loan growth was $31.5 million, or 6% annualized; full year loan growth was $147.1 million, or 7%;

• Fourth quarter deposit growth was $12.4 million; excluding the sale of deposits totaling $18.7 million from the Bank's Path Valley branch in the second quarter, full year deposit growth was $101.3 million;

• Non-interest income increased by $0.6 million to $6.5 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $5.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023;

• Non-interest expenses, inclusive of $1.1 million of merger-related expenses, increased by $2.0 million from $20.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 to $22.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023;

• Tangible common equity ratio increased to 8.0% at December 31, 2023 from 7.3% at September 30, 2023 and 7.1% at December 31, 2022; the fourth quarter of 2023 includes an improvement of $17.5 million, net of taxes, in net unrealized losses on investment securities;

• Tangible book value per common share⁽¹⁾ improved to $23.03 per share at December 31, 2023 compared to $20.94 per share at September 30, 2023 and $19.47 at December 31, 2022;

• The Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.20 per common share, payable February 13, 2024, to shareholders of record as of February 6, 2024.
  

⁽¹⁾ Non-GAAP measure. See Appendix A for additional information.

SHIPPENSBURG, Pa., Jan. 23, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Orrstown Financial Services, Inc. ("Orrstown" or the “Company”) (NASDAQ: ORRF), the parent company of Orrstown Bank (the “Bank”), announced earnings for the three months and year ended December 31, 2023. Net income totaled $7.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023, compared to $9.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and $9.6 million for the three months ended December 31, 2022. Diluted earnings per share totaled $0.73 for the three months ended December 31, 2023, compared to $0.87 for the three months ended September 30, 2023 and $0.91 for the three months ended December 31, 2022. For the fourth quarter of 2023, excluding the impact from the merger-related expenses, net income and diluted earnings per share were $8.6 million⁽¹⁾ and $0.83⁽¹⁾, respectively.

Net income totaled $35.7 million and $22.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Diluted earnings per share totaled $3.42 for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to diluted earnings per share of $2.06 for the year ended December 31, 2022. Excluding the impact from the merger-related expenses, net income and diluted earnings per share were $36.6 million⁽¹⁾ and $3.51⁽¹⁾ for the year ended December 31, 2023, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2022, net income and diluted earnings per share were $34.8 million⁽¹⁾ and $3.25⁽¹⁾, respectively, excluding the restructuring charge and legal settlement.

"Orrstown’s strong fourth quarter reflects the team’s tremendous efforts for the past several years, which led us to the Company’s strongest earnings on record in 2023. We believe that our relationship banking model and hands-on approach enabled us to have a successful year while navigating through the many headwinds facing the industry in 2023. Loan production and deposit gathering continue to be steady, which has helped us maintain a healthy net interest margin and limit margin compression. While enhancing fee income continues to be challenging, our wealth management group has successfully grown income throughout the year. Our capital ratios continue to improve through earnings generation, which puts us in a good position for the next exciting phase in Orrstown’s growth cycle. We look forward to taking the momentum we have built and joining, in the near future, our successful partner in Codorus Valley Bancorp to create an even stronger institution," commented Thomas R. Quinn, Jr., President and Chief Executive Officer.

⁽¹⁾ Non-GAAP measure. See Appendix A for additional information.

DISCUSSION OF RESULTS

Balance Sheet

Loans

Loans held for investment increased by $31.5 million from September 30, 2023 to December 31, 2023, or 6% annualized. Commercial loans increased by $16.6 million, or 4% annualized, from September 30, 2023 to December 31, 2023. The residential mortgage portfolio increased by $15.5 million, or 14% annualized, in the three months ended December 31, 2023 as there has been increased production of adjustable-rate mortgages, which have been retained in portfolio. Since December 31, 2022, loans held for investment increased by $147.1 million, or 7%, to $2.3 billion at December 31, 2023. During 2023, commercial loans increased by $110.2 million, or 6% and residential mortgages increased by $39.2, or 9%. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $2.3 million, or 19%, in installment and other consumer loans.

Investment Securities

Investment securities, all of which are classified as available-for-sale, increased by $18.3 million to $513.5 million at December 31, 2023 compared to $495.2 million at September 30, 2023. During the fourth quarter of 2023, net unrealized losses on investment securities declined by $22.5 million, net purchases totaled $4.0 million and paydowns were $7.5 million. The improvement in net unrealized losses was primarily due to lower market interest rates. Net unrealized losses on investment securities totaled $35.6 million and $49.6 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The overall duration of the Company's investment securities portfolio is 4.3 years at December 31, 2023. See Appendix B for a summary of the Bank's investment securities at December 31, 2023, highlighting their concentrations, credit ratings and credit enhancement levels.

Deposits

During the fourth quarter of 2023, deposits increased by $12.4 million, totaling approximately $2.6 billion at December 31, 2023 compared to $2.5 billion at September 30, 2023. In the fourth quarter of 2023, money market deposits increased by $33.4 million, or 26% annualized and time deposits rose by $29.2 million, or 31% annualized. These increases were partially offset by decreases in interest-bearing demand deposits of $36.5 million, or 14% annualized, savings deposits of $9.2 million, or 5% annualized, and non-interest bearing deposits of $4.5 million, or 4% annualized. The increase in time deposits was attributable to promotional offerings of up to 18-month terms. The declines in the noninterest-bearing deposits, interest bearing demand deposits and savings deposits were primarily due to clients shifting to higher-yielding products within the Bank. At December 31, 2023, deposits that are uninsured and not collateralized totaled $442.7 million, or 17%, of total deposits compared to $387.5 million, or 15%, of total deposits at September 30, 2023. The Bank's loan-to-deposit ratio was 90% at December 31, 2023 compared to 89% at September 30, 2023.

Borrowings

The Bank actively manages its liquidity position through its various sources of funding to meet the needs of its clients. FHLB advances and other borrowings decreased by $27.9 million to $147.3 million at December 31, 2023 compared to $175.2 million at September 30, 2023. The Bank repaid some overnight borrowings and FHLB advances during the fourth quarter of 2023 based on available liquidity from deposits and paydowns on investment securities. The Bank seeks to maintain sufficient liquidity to ensure client needs can be addressed on a timely basis. The Bank had available alternative funding sources, such as the FHLB advances and other wholesale options, of approximately $1.0 billion at December 31, 2023.

Income Statement

Net Interest Income and Margin

Net interest income was $26.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $26.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The net interest margin, on a tax equivalent basis, declined to 3.71% in the fourth quarter of 2023 from 3.73% in the third quarter of 2023. While the net interest margin decreased only slightly, funding costs increased due to the rise in money market deposits and time deposit balances.

Interest income on loans increased by $1.2 million to $34.1 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $32.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Loan growth and a full quarter impact from the third quarter 2023 fed funds rate increase were the primary drivers of this increase. Interest income on loans for the three months ended December 31, 2023 included prepayment fee income of $0.2 million, a decrease of $0.2 million from the three months ended September 30, 2023, which resulted in a decrease of two basis points in net interest margin.

Interest income on investment securities was $5.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $5.5 million in the third quarter of 2023. The additional investment income was driven by increasing yields on adjustable-rate securities from the prior quarter fed funds rate increase.

Interest expense increased by $1.5 million to $14.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $12.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 due primarily to higher average deposit balances and an increase in deposit rates. Average interest-bearing deposits increased by $24.3 million during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

Provision for Credit Losses

The Company recorded a provision for credit losses of $0.4 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The allowance for credit losses increased by $0.4 million to $28.7 million at December 31, 2023 compared to $28.3 million at September 30, 2023. The allowance for credit losses was impacted primarily by loan growth of $31.5 million during the fourth quarter of 2023 as well as slight downward revisions to economic assumptions utilized in the model. The allowance for credit losses to total loans was 1.25% at both December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023. Net recoveries were an inconsequential amount for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to net charge-offs of $0.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. Special mention loans decreased by $7.6 million from $31.8 million at September 30, 2023 to $24.2 million at December 31, 2023 due to net downgrades to classified status of $5.9 million and repayments of $1.1 million. Classified loans increased by $21.4 million to $55.0 million at December 31, 2023 from $33.6 million at September 30, 2023. The increase in classified loans was primarily due to downgrades to five commercial loans, spread within commercial real estate and commercial and industrial loan segments, totaling $23.0 million. The increase in classified loans was partially offset by repayments within this category totaling $2.3 million. Non-accrual loans increased by $3.2 million to $25.5 million at December 31, 2023 from $22.3 million at September 30, 2023 primarily due to five loans to one client within the residential real estate segments. Management believes the allowance for credit losses to be adequate based on current asset quality metrics and economic conditions.

Management regularly analyzes the commercial real estate portfolio, which includes the review of occupancy, cash flows, expenses and expiring leases, as well as the location of the real estate. At December 31, 2023, the Company had $236.4 million in loans related to office space, which had a weighted average loan-to-value ratio of 56% and a weighted average debt coverage ratio of 1.77x, compared to $244.7 million at September 30, 2023. Management believes that the office space portfolio is well-diversified and includes only limited exposure to properties located in major metro markets (approximately 2% of the total commercial real estate loan balance as of December 31, 2023).

Noninterest Income

Noninterest income increased by $0.6 million to $6.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $5.9 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023.

During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company recorded swap fee income of $0.6 million compared to $0.3 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023. Swap fee income fluctuates based on market conditions and client demand.

Mortgage banking income increased by $0.3 million from a loss of $0.1 million in the third quarter of 2023 to income of $0.2 million in the fourth quarter of 2023. During the three months ended December 31, 2023, the fair value mark of the Bank's held-for-sale loans declined by $0.3 million to a decrease of $0.1 million compared to a decrease of $0.4 million during the three months ended September 30, 2023. Market conditions and elevated interest rates continued to hinder mortgage production during the fourth quarter of 2023.

Noninterest Expenses

Noninterest expenses increased by $2.0 million to $22.4 million in the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $20.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023.

During the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company announced it has entered into an agreement to merge with Codorus Valley. For the three months ended December 31, 2023, merger-related expenses totaled $1.1 million inclusive of due diligence costs, legal expenses and a fairness opinion. The Company expects to incur additional merger-related expenses due to the pending completion of this merger of equals.

Salaries and benefits expense was $12.8 million for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $12.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023. The decrease was primarily attributed to a decline of $0.1 million in employee benefit costs.

Advertising and bank promotions expense increased by $0.2 million to $0.5 million in the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023 due to $0.3 million in contributions to tax credit programs during the fourth quarter of 2023. Taxes other than income decreased by $0.2 million to $0.2 million in the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to $0.4 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023. This decrease reflects the tax credits recognized on the contributions during the fourth quarter of 2023.

Professional services expense decreased by $0.3 million to $0.7 million in the three months ended December 31, 2023 from $1.0 million in the three months ended September 30, 2023 due primarily to a reduction in consulting costs as certain technology improvements and compliance enhancements were completed.

Other operating expenses increased by $1.1 million to $2.6 million during the fourth quarter of 2023 compared to $1.5 million during the third quarter of 2023. This increase included an increase of $0.8 million in credit value adjustments on derivatives for the three months ended December 31, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2023. The remaining fluctuation is attributable to normal business operations.

Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rate for the fourth quarter of 2023 was 21.2% compared to 21.9% for the third quarter of 2023. The effective tax rate was 20.8% for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 17.2% for the year ended December 31, 2022. The nondeductible merger-related costs increased the effective tax rate by 0.3% for the year ended December 31, 2023. Similarly, the nondeductible merger-related costs increased the effective tax rate by 1.4% for the fourth quarter of 2023.

The Company's effective tax rate for the three months ended December 31, 2023 is greater than the 21% federal statutory rate primarily due to an increase in state taxes in addition to the disallowed portion of interest expense against earnings in association with the Bank's tax-exempt investments under the Tax Equity and Fiscal Responsibility Act of 1982, partially offset by tax-exempt income, including interest earned on tax-exempt loans and securities and income from life insurance policies and tax credits. The lower effective tax rate in 2022 was partially caused by the impact of the restructuring charge for branch closures and other expense savings initiatives and a provision for legal settlement. The Company regularly analyzes its projected taxable income and makes adjustments to the provision for income taxes accordingly.

Capital

Shareholders’ equity totaled $265.1 million at December 31, 2023, an increase of $22.0 million from $243.1 million at September 30, 2023. The increase was primarily attributable to other comprehensive income of $15.9 million and net income of $7.6 million partially offset by dividends paid of $2.1 million. Other comprehensive income generated during the fourth quarter of 2023 was due to after-tax net unrealized gains on investment securities of $17.5 million partially offset by net unrealized losses on cash flow hedges of $1.6 million.

Tangible book value per share⁽¹⁾ increased to $23.03 per share at December 31, 2023 from $20.94 per share at September 30, 2023 and $19.47 per share at December 31, 2022 due to the increase in shareholders' equity.

⁽¹⁾ Non-GAAP measure. See Appendix A for additional information.

The Company's tangible common equity ratio increased to 8.0% at December 31, 2023 from 7.3% at September 30, 2023 and 7.1% at December 31, 2022, primarily due to an increase in tangible equity from an improvement in net unrealized losses on investment securities as well as earnings. The Company's total risk-based capital ratio was 13.0% at both December 31, 2023 and September 30, 2023. The Company's Tier 1 leverage ratio increased from 8.7% at September 30, 2023 to 8.9% at December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023, all four capital ratios applicable to the Company were above regulatory minimum levels to be deemed “well capitalized” under current bank regulatory guidelines. The Company continues to believe that capital is adequate to support the risks inherent in the balance sheet, as well as growth requirements.

Investor Relations Contact:

Neelesh Kalani

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Phone (717) 510-7097

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS (Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended								Twelve Months Ended
	December 31,				December 31,				December 31,				December 31,
(Dollars in thousands)		2023				2022				2023				2022
Profitability for the period:
Net interest income	$	26,018			$	27,484			$	104,906			$	99,630
Provision for credit losses		418				585				1,682				4,160
Noninterest income		6,491				6,226				25,652				26,952
Noninterest expenses		22,392				21,236				83,843				95,806
Income before income tax expense		9,699				11,889				45,033				26,616
Income tax expense		2,056				2,263				9,370				4,579
Net income available to common shareholders	$	7,643			$	9,626			$	35,663			$	22,037
Financial ratios:
Return on average assets(1)		1.00	%			1.33	%			1.19	%			0.77	%
Return on average assets, adjusted(1) (2) (3)		1.13	%			1.33	%			1.22	%			1.22	%
Return on average equity(1)		12.21	%			17.28	%			14.66	%			9.02	%
Return on average equity, adjusted(1) (2) (3)		13.77	%			17.28	%			15.06	%			14.25	%
Net interest margin(1)		3.71	%			4.14	%			3.80	%			3.81	%
Efficiency ratio		68.9	%			63.0	%			64.2	%			75.7	%
Efficiency ratio, adjusted(2) (3)		65.6	%			63.0	%			63.4	%			62.9	%
Income per common share:
Basic	$	0.74			$	0.93			$	3.45			$	2.09
Basic, adjusted(2) (3)	$	0.84			$	0.93			$	3.54			$	3.30
Diluted	$	0.73			$	0.91			$	3.42			$	2.06
Diluted, adjusted(2) (3)	$	0.83			$	0.91			$	3.51			$	3.25
Average equity to average assets		8.18	%			7.68	%			8.11	%			8.59	%
(1)Annualized for the three months ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.
(2)Ratio for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2023 has been adjusted for merger-related costs. Ratio for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 has been adjusted for the restructuring charge and provision for legal settlement.
(3)Non-GAAP based financial measure. Please refer to Appendix A - Supplemental Reporting of Non-GAAP Measures and GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations for a discussion of our use of non-GAAP based financial measures, including tables reconciling GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures appearing herein.

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS(Unaudited)
(continued)
	December 31,				December 31,
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)		2023				2022
At period-end:
Total assets	$	3,064,240			$	2,922,408
Total deposits		2,558,814				2,476,246
Loans, net of allowance for credit losses		2,269,611				2,126,054
Loans held-for-sale, at fair value		5,816				10,880
Securities available for sale, at fair value		513,519				513,728
Borrowings		147,285				123,390
Subordinated notes		32,093				32,026
Shareholders' equity		265,056				228,896
Credit quality and capital ratios(1):
Allowance for credit losses to total loans		1.25	%			1.17	%
Total nonaccrual loans to total loans		1.11	%			0.96	%
Nonperforming assets to total assets		0.83	%			0.70	%
Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans		112	%			122	%
Total risk-based capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc.		13.0	%			12.7	%
Orrstown Bank		12.8	%			12.3	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc.		10.8	%			10.3	%
Orrstown Bank		11.6	%			11.2	%
Tier 1 common equity risk-based capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc.		10.8	%			10.3	%
Orrstown Bank		11.6	%			11.2	%
Tier 1 leverage capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc.		8.9	%			8.5	%
Orrstown Bank		9.5	%			9.2	%
Book value per common share	$	24.98			$	21.45
(1)Capital ratios are estimated, subject to regulatory filings. The Company elected the three-year phase in option for the day-one impact of ASU 2016-13 for current expected credit losses ("CECL") to regulatory capital. In the first year of adoption in 2023, the Company adjusted retained earnings, allowance for credit losses includable in tier 2 capital and the deferred tax assets from temporary differences in risk weighted assets by the permitted percentage of the day-one impact from adopting the new CECL standard.

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Unaudited)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)	December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Assets
Cash and due from banks	$	32,586			$	28,477
Interest-bearing deposits with banks		32,575				32,346
Cash and cash equivalents		65,161				60,823
Restricted investments in bank stocks		11,992				10,642
Securities available for sale (amortized cost of $549,089 and $563,278 at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively)		513,519				513,728
Loans held for sale, at fair value		5,816				10,880
Loans		2,298,313				2,151,232
Less: Allowance for credit losses		(28,702	)			(25,178	)
Net loans		2,269,611				2,126,054
Premises and equipment, net		29,393				29,328
Cash surrender value of life insurance		73,204				71,760
Goodwill		18,724				18,724
Other intangible assets, net		2,414				3,078
Accrued interest receivable		13,630				11,027
Deferred tax assets, net		22,017				24,031
Other assets		38,759				42,333
Total assets	$	3,064,240			$	2,922,408
Liabilities
Deposits:
Noninterest-bearing	$	430,959			$	494,131
Interest-bearing		2,127,855				1,950,807
Deposits held for assumption in connection with sale of bank branch		—				31,307
Total deposits		2,558,814				2,476,246
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and federal funds purchased		9,785				17,251
FHLB advances and other borrowings		137,500				106,139
Subordinated notes		32,093				32,026
Accrued interest and other liabilities		60,992				61,850
Total liabilities		2,799,184				2,693,512
Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred stock, $1.25 par value per share; 500,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding		—				—
Common stock, no par value—$0.05205 stated value per share; 50,000,000 shares authorized; 11,204,599 shares issued and 10,612,390 outstanding at December 31, 2023; 11,229,242 shares issued and 10,671,413 outstanding at December 31, 2022		583				584
Additional paid—in capital		189,027				189,264
Retained earnings		117,667				92,473
Accumulated other comprehensive losses		(28,476	)			(39,913	)
Treasury stock— 592,209 and 557,829 shares, at cost at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively		(13,745	)			(13,512	)
Total shareholders’ equity		265,056				228,896
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity	$	3,064,240			$	2,922,408

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited)
		Three Months Ended							Twelve Months Ended
		December 31,				December 31,			December 31,				December 31,
(In thousands)			2023				2022			2023				2022
Interest income
Loans		$	33,910			$	26,980		$	126,595			$	93,528
Investment securities - taxable			4,787				3,775			18,031				10,237
Investment securities - tax-exempt			871				1,102			3,462				4,115
Short-term investments			460				238			1,809				774
Total interest income			40,028				32,095			149,897				108,654
Interest expense
Deposits			12,118				3,579			37,510				6,337
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and federal funds purchased			30				20			114				44
FHLB advances and other borrowings			1,358				509			5,350				630
Subordinated notes			504				503			2,017				2,013
Total interest expense			14,010				4,611			44,991				9,024
Net interest income			26,018				27,484			104,906				99,630
Provision for credit losses			418				585			1,682				4,160
Net interest income after provision for credit losses			25,600				26,899			103,224				95,470
Noninterest income
Service charges			1,198				1,131			4,866				4,614
Interchange income			952				996			3,873				4,055
Swap fee income			588				697			1,039				2,632
Wealth management income			2,945				2,535			11,340				11,251
Mortgage banking activities			143				202			591				407
Investment securities (losses) gains			(39	)			3			(47	)			(160	)
Other income			704				662			3,990				4,153
Total noninterest income			6,491				6,226			25,652				26,952
Noninterest expenses
Salaries and employee benefits			12,848				12,650			50,983				48,004
Occupancy, furniture and equipment			2,534				2,442			9,593				9,812
Data processing			1,247				1,150			4,913				4,560
Advertising and bank promotions			501				750			2,157				2,264
FDIC insurance			460				316			1,960				1,083
Professional services			702				837			2,905				3,254
Taxes other than income			203				231			1,050				1,391
Intangible asset amortization			236				260			953				1,105
Merger-related expenses			1,059				—			1,059				—
Provision for legal settlement			—				—			—				13,000
Restructuring expenses			—				—			—				3,155
Other operating expenses			2,602				2,600			8,270				8,178
Total noninterest expenses			22,392				21,236			83,843				95,806
Income before income tax expense			9,699				11,889			45,033				26,616
Income tax expense			2,056				2,263			9,370				4,579
Net income		$	7,643			$	9,626		$	35,663			$	22,037

		Three Months Ended							Twelve Months Ended
		December 31,				December 31,			December 31,				December 31,
			2023				2022			2023				2022
Share information:
Basic earnings per share		$	0.74			$	0.93		$	3.45			$	2.09
Diluted earnings per share		$	0.73			$	0.91		$	3.42			$	2.06
Dividends paid per share		$	0.20			$	0.19		$	0.80			$	0.76
Weighted average shares - basic			10,321				10,382			10,340				10,553
Weighted average shares - diluted			10,419				10,550			10,435				10,706

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
ANALYSIS OF NET INTEREST INCOME
Average Balances and Interest Rates, Taxable-Equivalent Basis (Unaudited)
	Three Months Ended
	12/31/2023										9/30/2023										6/30/2023										3/31/2023										12/31/2022
(Dollars in thousands)				Taxable-				Taxable-						Taxable-				Taxable-						Taxable-				Taxable-						Taxable-				Taxable-						Taxable-				Taxable-
	Average			Equivalent				Equivalent			Average			Equivalent				Equivalent			Average			Equivalent				Equivalent			Average			Equivalent				Equivalent			Average			Equivalent				Equivalent
	Balance			Interest				Rate			Balance			Interest				Rate			Balance			Interest				Rate			Balance			Interest				Rate			Balance			Interest				Rate
Assets
Federal funds sold & interest-bearing bank balances	$	37,873		$	460			4.82	%		$	57,778		$	633			4.35	%		$	37,895		$	418			4.42	%		$	29,599		$	298			4.07	%		$	28,419		$	238			3.31	%
Investment securities (1)(2)		508,891			5,890			4.63				521,234			5,548			4.26				526,225			5,510			4.19				525,685			5,465			4.18				512,779			5,170			4.03
Loans (1)(3)(4)		2,286,678			34,055			5.91				2,256,727			32,878			5.78				2,233,312			31,329			5.63				2,180,224			28,844			5.36				2,133,052			27,061			5.04
Total interest-earning assets		2,833,442			40,405			5.67				2,835,739			39,059			5.47				2,797,432			37,257			5.34				2,735,508			34,607			5.12				2,674,250			32,469			4.83
Other assets		204,382										200,447										191,983										197,620										202,384
Total assets	$	3,037,824									$	3,036,186									$	2,989,415									$	2,933,128									$	2,876,634
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Interest-bearing demand deposits	$	1,543,575			8,333			2.14			$	1,541,728			7,476			1.92			$	1,511,468			6,273			1.66			$	1,503,421			4,862			1.31			$	1,459,109			2,838			0.77
Savings deposits		178,351			153			0.34				190,817			164			0.34				204,584			135			0.26				219,408			133			0.25				228,521			132			0.23
Time deposits		392,085			3,632			3.67				357,194			2,942			3.27				326,034			2,200			2.71				275,880			1,207			1.78				254,637			609			0.95
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,114,011			12,118			2.27				2,089,739			10,582			2.01				2,042,086			8,608			1.69				1,998,709			6,202			1.26				1,942,267			3,579			0.73
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and federal funds purchased		13,874			30			0.85				15,006			31			0.83				13,685			28			0.82				13,868			25			0.72				18,211			20			0.46
FHLB advances and other borrowings		127,843			1,358			4.21				128,131			1,354			4.19				132,094			1,386			4.21				106,434			1,252			4.77				48,276			509			4.21
Subordinated notes		32,083			504			6.29				32,066			505			6.29				32,049			504			6.29				32,033			504			6.29				32,016			503			6.29
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,287,811			14,010			2.43				2,264,942			12,472			2.19				2,219,914			10,526			1.90				2,151,044			7,983			1.50				2,040,770			4,611			0.90
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits		441,695										468,628										476,123										495,562										540,275
Other liabilities		59,876										54,353										50,851										52,630										74,602
Total liabilities		2,789,382										2,787,923										2,746,888										2,699,236										2,655,647
Shareholders' equity		248,442										248,263										242,527										233,892										220,987
Total	$	3,037,824									$	3,036,186									$	2,989,415									$	2,933,128									$	2,876,634
Taxable-equivalent net interest income / net interest spread					26,395			3.24	%						26,587			3.29	%						26,731			3.44	%						26,624			3.62	%						27,858			3.93	%
Taxable-equivalent net interest margin								3.71	%									3.73	%									3.83	%									3.94	%									4.14	%
Taxable-equivalent adjustment					(377	)									(368	)									(356	)									(330	)									(374	)
Net interest income				$	26,018									$	26,219									$	26,375									$	26,294									$	27,484
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities								124	%									125	%									126	%									127	%									131	%
NOTES:
(1) Yields and interest income on tax-exempt assets have been computed on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate.
(2) Average balance of investment securities is computed at fair value.
(3) Average balances include nonaccrual loans.
(4) Interest income on loans includes prepayment and late fees, where applicable.

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
ANALYSIS OF NET INTEREST INCOME
Average Balances and Interest Rates, Taxable-Equivalent Basis (Unaudited)
(continued)
	Twelve Months Ended
	December 31, 2023										December 31, 2022
				Taxable-				Taxable-						Taxable-				Taxable-
	Average			Equivalent				Equivalent			Average			Equivalent				Equivalent
(Dollars in thousands)	Balance			Interest				Rate			Balance			Interest				Rate
Assets
Federal funds sold & interest-bearing bank balances	$	40,856		$	1,809			4.43	%		$	98,793		$	774			0.78	%
Investment securities (1)(2)		520,465			22,414			4.31				509,640			15,446			3.03
Loans (1)(3)(4)		2,239,574			127,107			5.68				2,042,422			93,799			4.59
Total interest-earning assets		2,800,895			151,330			5.40				2,650,855			110,019			4.15
Other assets		198,632										193,945
Total assets	$	2,999,527									$	2,844,800
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity
Interest-bearing demand deposits	$	1,525,204			26,944			1.77			$	1,414,177			4,308			0.30
Savings deposits		198,157			585			0.30				232,660			341			0.15
Time deposits		338,170			9,981			2.95				273,276			1,688			0.62
Total interest-bearing deposits		2,061,531			37,510			1.82				1,920,113			6,337			0.33
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and federal funds purchased		14,111			114			0.80				22,305			44			0.20
FHLB advances and other borrowings		123,697			5,350			4.32				15,678			630			4.01
Subordinated notes		32,058			2,017			6.29				31,993			2,013			6.29
Total interest-bearing liabilities		2,231,397			44,991			2.02				1,990,089			9,024			0.45
Noninterest-bearing demand deposits		470,349										557,142
Other liabilities		54,447										53,288
Total liabilities		2,756,193										2,600,519
Shareholders' equity		243,334										244,281
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	2,999,527									$	2,844,800
Taxable-equivalent net interest income / net interest spread					106,339			3.39	%						100,995			3.70	%
Taxable-equivalent net interest margin								3.80	%									3.81	%
Taxable-equivalent adjustment					(1,433	)									(1,365	)
Net interest income				$	104,906									$	99,630
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities								126	%									133	%

NOTES TO ANALYSIS OF NET INTEREST INCOME:
(1) Yields and interest income on tax-exempt assets have been computed on a taxable-equivalent basis assuming a 21% tax rate.
(2) Average balance of investment securities is computed at fair value.
(3) Average balances include nonaccrual loans.
(4) Interest income on loans includes prepayment and late fees, where applicable.

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
HISTORICAL TRENDS IN QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)
(In thousands)	December 31, 2023				September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Profitability for the quarter:
Net interest income	$	26,018			$	26,219			$	26,375			$	26,294			$	27,484
Provision for credit losses		418				136				399				729				585
Noninterest income		6,491				5,925				7,158				6,078				6,226
Noninterest expenses		22,392				20,447				20,749				20,255				21,236
Income before income taxes		9,699				11,561				12,385				11,388				11,889
Income tax expense		2,056				2,535				2,547				2,232				2,263
Net income	$	7,643			$	9,026			$	9,838			$	9,156			$	9,626
Financial ratios:
Return on average assets (1)		1.00	%			1.18	%			1.32	%			1.27	%			1.33	%
Return on average assets, adjusted (1)(2)(3)		1.13	%			1.18	%			1.32	%			1.27	%			1.33	%
Return on average equity (1)		12.21	%			14.42	%			16.27	%			15.88	%			17.28	%
Return on average equity, adjusted (1)(2)(3)		13.77	%			14.42	%			16.27	%			15.88	%			17.28	%
Net interest margin (1)		3.71	%			3.73	%			3.83	%			3.94	%			4.14	%
Efficiency ratio		68.9	%			63.6	%			61.9	%			62.6	%			63.0	%
Efficiency ratio, adjusted (2)(3)		65.6	%			63.6	%			61.9	%			62.6	%			63.0	%
Per share information:
Income per common share:
Basic	$	0.74			$	0.87			$	0.95			$	0.88			$	0.93
Basic, adjusted (2)(3)		0.84				0.87				0.95				0.88				0.93
Diluted		0.73				0.87				0.94				0.87				0.91
Diluted, adjusted (2)(3)		0.83				0.87				0.94				0.87				0.91
Book value		24.98				22.90				23.15				22.46				21.45
Tangible book value		23.03				20.94				21.19				20.50				19.47
Cash dividends paid		0.20				0.20				0.20				0.20				0.19
Average basic shares		10,321				10,319				10,336				10,385				10,382
Average diluted shares		10,419				10,405				10,421				10,496				10,550
(1) Annualized.
(2) Ratio has been adjusted for the merger-related costs for the three months ended December 31, 2023.
(3) Non-GAAP based financial measure. Please refer to Appendix A - Supplemental Reporting of Non-GAAP Measures and GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations for a discussion of our use of non-GAAP based financial measures, including tables reconciling GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures appearing herein.

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
HISTORICAL TRENDS IN QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)
(continued)
(In thousands)	December 31, 2023				September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Noninterest income:
Service charges	$	1,198			$	1,260			$	1,251			$	1,157			$	1,131
Interchange income		952				963				993				965				996
Swap fee income		588				255				196				—				697
Wealth management income		2,945				2,826				2,822				2,747				2,535
Mortgage banking activities		143				(142	)			112				478				202
Other income		704				761				1,786				739				662
Investment securities (losses) gains		(39	)			2				(2	)			(8	)			3
Total noninterest income	$	6,491			$	5,925			$	7,158			$	6,078			$	6,226
Noninterest expenses:
Salaries and employee benefits	$	12,848			$	12,885			$	13,054			$	12,196			$	12,650
Occupancy, furniture and equipment		2,534				2,460				2,266				2,333				2,442
Data processing		1,247				1,248				1,201				1,217				1,150
Advertising and bank promotions		501				332				919				405				750
FDIC insurance		460				477				519				504				316
Professional services		702				965				504				734				837
Taxes other than income		203				387				3				457				231
Intangible asset amortization		236				228				239				250				260
Merger-related expenses		1,059				—				—				—				—
Other operating expenses		2,602				1,465				2,044				2,159				2,600
Total noninterest expenses	$	22,392			$	20,447			$	20,749			$	20,255			$	21,236

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
HISTORICAL TRENDS IN QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)
(continued)
(In thousands)	December 31, 2023				September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Balance Sheet at quarter end:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	65,161			$	94,939			$	76,318			$	98,323			$	60,823
Restricted investments in bank stocks		11,992				12,987				12,602				12,869				10,642
Securities available for sale		513,519				495,162				508,612				520,232				513,728
Loans held for sale, at fair value		5,816				6,448				6,450				7,341				10,880
Loans:
Commercial real estate:
Owner occupied		373,757				376,350				366,439				339,371				315,770
Non-owner occupied		694,638				630,514				626,140				603,396				608,043
Multi-family		150,675				143,437				145,257				144,053				138,832
Non-owner occupied residential		95,040				100,391				105,504				106,390				104,604
Commercial and industrial (1)		367,085				374,190				379,905				380,683				357,774
Acquisition and development:
1-4 family residential construction		24,516				25,642				20,461				20,941				25,068
Commercial and land development		115,249				153,279				143,177				174,556				158,308
Municipal		9,812				10,334				10,638				11,329				12,173
Total commercial loans		1,830,772				1,814,137				1,797,521				1,780,719				1,720,572
Residential mortgage:
First lien		266,239				248,335				235,813				227,031				229,849
Home equity – term		5,078				5,223				5,228				5,371				5,505
Home equity – lines of credit		186,450				188,736				185,099				183,340				183,241
Installment and other loans		9,774				10,405				10,756				11,040				12,065
Total loans		2,298,313				2,266,836				2,234,417				2,207,501				2,151,232
Allowance for credit losses (2)		(28,702	)			(28,278	)			(28,383	)			(28,364	)			(25,178	)
Net loans held-for-investment		2,269,611				2,238,558				2,206,034				2,179,137				2,126,054
Goodwill		18,724				18,724				18,724				18,724				18,724
Other intangible assets, net		2,414				2,650				2,589				2,828				3,078
Total assets		3,064,240				3,054,435				3,008,197				3,011,548				2,922,408
Total deposits		2,558,814				2,546,435				2,522,861				2,515,626				2,476,246
Borrowings		147,285				175,241				152,229				176,315				123,390
Subordinated notes		32,093				32,076				32,059				32,042				32,026
Total shareholders' equity		265,056				243,080				245,641				240,161				228,896
(1) This balance includes $5.7 million, $6.2 million, $7.2 million, $10.8 million and $13.8 million of Small Business Administration Paycheck Protection Program loans, net of deferred fees and costs, at December 31, 2023, September 30, 2023, June 30, 2023, March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
(2) The balance includes $2.4 million in a one-time cumulative-effect adjustment that increased the allowance for credit losses from the adoption of the new CECL standard on January 1, 2023.

ORRSTOWN FINANCIAL SERVICES, INC.
HISTORICAL TRENDS IN QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (Unaudited)
(continued)
	December 31, 2023				September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Capital and credit quality measures (1):
Total risk-based capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc		13.0	%			13.0	%			13.0	%			12.8	%			12.7	%
Orrstown Bank		12.8	%			12.5	%			12.5	%			12.4	%			12.3	%
Tier 1 risk-based capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc		10.8	%			10.6	%			10.5	%			10.4	%			10.3	%
Orrstown Bank		11.6	%			11.4	%			11.4	%			11.2	%			11.2	%
Tier 1 common equity risk-based capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc		10.8	%			10.6	%			10.5	%			10.4	%			10.3	%
Orrstown Bank		11.6	%			11.4	%			11.4	%			11.2	%			11.2	%
Tier 1 leverage capital:
Orrstown Financial Services, Inc		8.9	%			8.7	%			8.6	%			8.5	%			8.5	%
Orrstown Bank		9.5	%			9.3	%			9.3	%			9.2	%			9.2	%
Average equity to average assets		8.18	%			8.18	%			8.11	%			7.97	%			7.68	%
Allowance for credit losses to total loans		1.25	%			1.25	%			1.27	%			1.28	%			1.17	%
Total nonaccrual loans to total loans		1.11	%			0.98	%			0.94	%			0.96	%			0.96	%
Nonperforming assets to total assets		0.83	%			0.73	%			0.70	%			0.71	%			0.70	%
Allowance for credit losses to nonaccrual loans		112	%			127	%			135	%			134	%			122	%
Other information:
Net (recoveries) charge-offs	$	(6	)		$	241			$	380			$	(34	)		$	116
Classified loans		55,030				33,593				26,347				34,024				36,325
Nonperforming and other risk assets:
Nonaccrual loans (2)		25,527				22,324				21,062				21,246				20,583
Other real estate owned		—				—				—				85				—
Total nonperforming assets		25,527				22,324				21,062				21,331				20,583
Financial difficulty modifications / Troubled debt restructurings still accruing (3)		9				—				—				—				682
Loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing (2)		66				277				539				28				439
Total nonperforming and other risk assets	$	25,602			$	22,601			$	21,601			$	21,359			$	21,704
(1) Capital ratios are estimated, subject to regulatory filings. The Company elected the three-year phase in option for the day-one impact of ASU 2016-13 for current expected credit losses ("CECL") to regulatory capital. In the first year of adoption in 2023, the Company adjusted retained earnings, allowance for credit losses includable in tier 2 capital and the deferred tax assets from temporary differences in risk weighted assets by the permitted percentage of the day-one impact from adopting the new CECL standard.
(2) Includes zero, zero, zero, zero and $0.4 million of purchased credit impaired loans at December 31, 2023, September 30, 2023, June 30, 2023, March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, respectively, in accordance with ASC 310-30. Upon adoption of the CECL standard, purchased credit deteriorated loans were evaluated on an individual loan level and reported on an individual loan basis under ASC 310-20, Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs.
(3) On January 1, 2023, the Company adopted ASU No. 2022-02, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures (“ASU 2022-02”), which eliminated the troubled debt restructuring ("TDR") accounting model and requires that the Company evaluate, based on the accounting for loan modifications, whether the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and the modification results in a more-than-insignificant direct change in the contractual cash flows and represents a new loan or a continuation of an existing loan. During 2023, the Company modified terms for two loans totaling $1.4 million, including one existing nonaccrual loan totaling $1.4 million, which met the “Financial Difficulty Modification” criteria in accordance with ASU 2022-02.

Appendix A- Supplemental Reporting of Non-GAAP Measures and GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliations

Management believes providing certain other “non-GAAP” financial information will assist investors in their understanding of the effect on recent financial results from non-recurring charges.

As a result of acquisitions, the Company has intangible assets consisting of goodwill and core deposit and other intangible assets, which totaled $21.1 million and $21.8 million at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. In addition, during the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2023, the Company incurred $1.1 million in merger-related expenses. Additionally, the Company incurred $3.2 million and $13.0 million in restructuring charges and a provision for legal settlement, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2022.

Tangible book value per common share and the impact of the merger-related expenses, restructuring charge and legal settlement on net income and associated ratios, as used by the Company in this earnings release, are determined by methods other than in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles ("GAAP"). While we believe this information is a useful supplement to GAAP based measures presented in this earnings release, readers are cautioned that this non-GAAP disclosure has limitations as an analytical tool, should not be viewed as a substitute for financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results and financial condition as reported under GAAP, nor are such measures necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies. This supplemental presentation should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by similar adjustments to be determined in accordance with GAAP.

The following tables present the computation of each non-GAAP based measure:

(dollars and shares in thousands)

Tangible Book Value per Common Share		December 31, 2023				September 30, 2023				June 30, 2023				March 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Shareholders' equity (most directly comparable GAAP-based measure)		$	265,056			$	243,080			$	245,641			$	240,161			$	228,896
Less: Goodwill			18,724				18,724				18,724				18,724				18,724
Other intangible assets			2,414				2,650				2,589				2,828				3,078
Related tax effect			(507	)			(557	)			(544	)			(594	)			(646	)
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP)		$	244,425			$	222,263			$	224,872			$	219,203			$	207,740
Common shares outstanding			10,612				10,613				10,611				10,692				10,671
Book value per share (most directly comparable GAAP-based measure)		$	24.98			$	22.90			$	23.15			$	22.46			$	21.45
Intangible assets per share			1.95				1.96				1.96				1.96				1.98
Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP)		$	23.03			$	20.94			$	21.19			$	20.50			$	19.47

(dollars and shares in thousands)	Three Months Ended								Twelve Months Ended
Adjusted Ratios for Merger-Related Expenses, Restructuring Charges and Provision for Legal Settlement	December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022				December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Net income (A) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure	$	7,643			$	9,626			$	35,663			$	22,037
Plus: Merger-related expenses (B)		1,059				—				1,059				—
Plus: Provision for legal settlement (B)		—				—				—				13,000
Plus: Restructuring expenses (B)		—				—				—				3,155
Less: Related tax effect (C)		(79	)			—				(79	)			(3,393	)
Adjusted net income (D=A+B-C) - Non-GAAP	$	8,623			$	9,626			$	36,643			$	34,799
Average assets (E)	$	3,037,824			$	2,876,634			$	2,999,527			$	2,844,800
Return on average assets (= A / E) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure		1.00	%			1.33	%			1.19	%			0.77	%
Return on average assets, adjusted (= D / E) - Non-GAAP		1.13	%			1.33	%			1.22	%			1.22	%
Average equity (F)	$	248,442			$	220,987			$	243,334			$	244,281
Return on average equity (= A / F) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure		12.21	%			17.28	%			14.66	%			9.02	%
Return on average equity, adjusted (= D / F) - Non-GAAP		13.77	%			17.28	%			15.06	%			14.25	%
Weighted average shares - basic (G) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure		10,321				10,382				10,340				10,553
Basic earnings per share (= A / G) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure	$	0.74			$	0.93			$	3.45			$	2.09
Basic earnings per share, adjusted (= D / G) - Non-GAAP	$	0.84			$	0.93			$	3.54			$	3.30
Weighted average shares - diluted (H) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure		10,419				10,550				10,435				10,706
Diluted earnings per share (= A / H) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure	$	0.73			$	0.91			$	3.42			$	2.06
Diluted earnings per share, adjusted (= D / H) - Non-GAAP	$	0.83			$	0.91			$	3.51			$	3.25
Noninterest expense (I) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure	$	22,392			$	21,236			$	83,843			$	95,806
Less: Merger-related expenses (B)		(1,059	)			—				(1,059	)			—
Less: Provision for legal settlement (B)		—				—				—				(13,000	)
Less: Restructuring expenses (B)		—				—				—				(3,155	)
Adjusted noninterest expense (J = I - B) - Non-GAAP	$	21,333			$	21,236			$	82,784			$	79,651

	Three Months Ended								Twelve Months Ended
	December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022				December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
Net interest income (K)	$	26,018			$	27,484			$	104,906			$	99,630
Noninterest income (L)		6,491				6,226				25,652				26,952
Total operating income (M = K + L)	$	32,509			$	33,710			$	130,558			$	126,582
Efficiency ratio (= I / M) - most directly comparable GAAP-based measure		68.9	%			63.0	%			64.2	%			75.7	%
Efficiency ratio, adjusted (= J / M) - Non-GAAP		65.6	%			63.0	%			63.4	%			62.9	%

Appendix B- Investment Portfolio Concentrations

The following table summarizes the credit ratings and collateral associated with the Company's investment security portfolio, excluding equity securities, at December 31, 2023:

(dollars in thousands)

Sector	Portfolio Mix			Amortized Book			Fair Value			Credit Enhancement			AAA			AA			A			BBB			NR			Collateral / Guarantee Type
Unsecured ABS	1	%		$	3,779		$	3,386		29	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		—	%		100	%		Unsecured Consumer Debt
Student Loan ABS	1				5,378			5,260		27			—			—			—			—			100			Seasoned Student Loans
Federal Family Education Loan ABS	18				98,419			97,208		9			7			80			—			13			—			Federal Family Education Loan (1)
PACE Loan ABS	—				2,315			2,033		6			100			—			—			—			—			PACE Loans (2)
Non-Agency CMBS	5				28,104			28,336		25			—			—			—			—			100
Non-Agency RMBS	3				16,467			13,133		14			100			—			—			—			—			Reverse Mortgages (3)
Municipal - General Obligation	18				102,305			94,366					10			83			7			—			—
Municipal - Revenue	22				119,318			108,756					—			82			12			—			6
SBA ReRemic (5)	1				3,487			3,448					—			100			—			—			—			SBA Guarantee (4)
Small Business Administration	2				8,381			8,894					—			100			—			—			—			SBA Guarantee (4)
Agency MBS	25				140,953			130,733					—			100			—			—			—			Residential Mortgages (4)
U.S. Treasury securities	4				20,057			17,840					—			100			—			—			—			U.S. Government Guarantee (4)
	100	%		$	548,963		$	513,393					7	%		79	%		4	%		2	%		8	%
(1) 97% guaranteed by U.S. government
(2) PACE acronym represents Property Assessed Clean Energy loans
(3) Non-agency reverse mortgages with current structural credit enhancements
(4) Guaranteed by U.S. government or U.S. government agencies
(5) SBA ReRemic acronym represents Re-Securitization of Real Estate Mortgage Investment Conduits
Note: Ratings in table are the lowest of the six rating agencies (Standard & Poor's, Moody's, Fitch, Morningstar, DBRS and Kroll Bond Rating Agency). Standard & Poor's rates U.S. government obligations at AA+.

About the Company

With $3.1 billion in assets, Orrstown Financial Services, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Orrstown Bank, provide a wide range of consumer and business financial services in Berks, Cumberland, Dauphin, Franklin, Lancaster, Perry, and York Counties, Pennsylvania and Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Howard, and Washington Counties, Maryland, as well as Baltimore City, Maryland. The Company's lending area also includes adjacent counties in Pennsylvania and Maryland, as well as Loudon County, Virginia and Berkeley, Jefferson and Morgan Counties, West Virginia. Orrstown Bank is an Equal Housing Lender and its deposits are insured up to the legal maximum by the FDIC. Orrstown Financial Services, Inc.’s common stock is traded on Nasdaq (ORRF). For more information about Orrstown Financial Services, Inc. and Orrstown Bank, visit www.orrstown.com.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. Forward-looking statements reflect the current views of the Company's management with respect to, among other things, future events and the Company's financial performance. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “may,” “should,” “could,” “predict,” “potential,” “believe,” “will likely result,” “expect,” “continue,” “will,” “anticipate,” “seek,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “forecast,” “goal,” “target,” “would” and “outlook,” or the negative variations of those words or other comparable words of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, and are based on current expectations, estimates, predictions or projections about events or the Company's industry, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond the Company's control. Accordingly, the Company cautions you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Although the Company believes that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, actual results may prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements and there can be no assurances that the Company will achieve the desired level of new business development and new loans, growth in the balance sheet and fee-based revenue lines of business, successful merger and acquisition activity, cost savings initiatives and continued reductions in risk assets or mitigation of losses in the future. Factors which could cause the actual results of the Company's operations to differ materially from expectations include, but are not limited to: ineffectiveness of the Company's strategic growth plan due to changes in current or future market conditions; the effects of competition and how it may impact our community banking model, including industry consolidation and development of competing financial products and services; the inability to complete mergers and acquisitions in a timely manner or at all, or to successfully integrate strategic mergers or acquisitions; the impact of certain restrictions during the pendency of any proposed merger or acquisition on the parties' ability to pursue certain business opportunities and strategic transactions; potential adverse reactions or changes to business or employee relationships, including those resulting from the announcement or completion of a proposed merger or acquisition; the inability to fully achieve expected revenues, savings, efficiencies or synergies from mergers and acquisitions, or taking longer than estimated for such revenues, savings, efficiencies and synergies to be realized; changes in laws and regulations; interest rate movements; changes in credit quality; inability to raise capital, if necessary, under favorable conditions; volatility in the securities markets; the demand for our products and services; deteriorating economic conditions; geopolitical tensions; operational risks including, but not limited to, cybersecurity incidents, fraud, natural disasters and future pandemics; expenses associated with litigation and legal proceedings; and other risks and uncertainties, including those detailed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 under the sections titled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and in subsequent filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. If one or more events related to these or other risks or uncertainties materializes, or if the Company's underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, actual results may differ materially from what the Company anticipates. Accordingly, you should not place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date on which it is made, and the Company disclaims any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise. New risks and uncertainties arise from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict those events or how they may affect it. In addition, the Company cannot assess the impact of each factor on its business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements, expressed or implied, included in this press release are expressly qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement. This cautionary statement should also be considered in connection with any subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements that the Company or persons acting on the Company's behalf may issue.

The review period for subsequent events extends up to and includes the filing date of a public company’s financial statements, when filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Accordingly, the consolidated financial information presented in this announcement is subject to change. Annualized, pro forma, projected and estimated numbers in this document are used for illustrative purposes only, and are not forecasts and may not reflect actual results.