Q2 2023 Sweetgreen Inc Earnings Call
Participants
Jonathan Neman; Co-Founder, Chairman, President & CEO; Sweetgreen, Inc.
Mitch Reback; CFO; Sweetgreen, Inc.
Rebecca Nounou; Head of IR; Sweetgreen, Inc.
Andrew Michael Charles; MD & Senior Research Analyst; TD Cowen, Research Division
Brian Hugh Mullan; Director & Senior Research Analyst; Piper Sandler & Co., Research Division
Christopher Emilio Carril; Analyst; RBC Capital Markets, Research Division
John William Ivankoe; Senior Restaurant Analyst; JPMorgan Chase & Co, Research Division
Karen Ann Holthouse; VP; Citigroup Inc., Research Division
Katherine Anne Griffin; VP & Research Analyst; BofA Securities, Research Division
Sharon Zackfia; Partner & Group Head of Consumer; William Blair & Company L.L.C., Research Division
Presentation
Operator
Good day, everyone, and welcome to the Sweetgreen Second Quarter 2023 Earnings Call. Today's call is being recorded. (Operator Instructions)
I would now like to turn the conference over to Rebecca Nounou, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Rebecca Nounou
Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Here with me today are Jonathan Neman, Co-Founder and Chief Executive Officer; and Mitch Reback, Chief Financial Officer.
Before we begin, we have a couple of reminders. Our earnings release is available on our website at investor.sweetgreen.com. During this call, we will be making comments of a forward-looking nature. Actual results may differ materially from those expressed or implied as a result of various risks and uncertainties. For more information about some of these risks, please review the company's SEC filings, including the section titled Risk Factors in our latest annual report on Form 10-K filing and subsequently filed quarterly report on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements are based on information as of today, and we assume no obligation to publicly update or revise our forward-looking statements.
Additionally, we will be discussing certain non-GAAP financial measures, which are in addition to and not a substitute for measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of these items to the nearest U.S. GAAP measure can be found in this afternoon's press release available on our IR website.
With that, it's my pleasure to turn the call over to Jonathan to kick things off.
Jonathan Neman
Thank you, Rebecca, and good afternoon, everyone. I've shared before that I believe times like these create opportunities for companies with great brands, large addressable markets and loyal customers. Great businesses have to be ant companies, balancing growth and profitability. In the second quarter, we put our words into action, generating 22% year-over-year revenue growth, delivering a restaurant-level profit margin of 20.4% and adjusted EBITDA of $3.3 million, our first quarter of positive adjusted EBITDA as a public company.
This milestone demonstrates our commitment to disciplined capital-efficient growth. I want to extend my gratitude to every Sweetgreen team member for their hard work and dedication in delivering these results. We reported second quarter revenue of $162.5 million, representing 22% year-over-year growth, and same-store sales growth of 3%. Our same-store sales growth was driven by an increase in price and traffic, with a partial offset from mix. Total digital sales represented 59% of our Q2 revenue, with approximately 2/3 of those sales coming from our own digital channels.
We continue to work every day to improve our operations. Restaurant-level margin of 20.4% in the second quarter was the result of strong operational execution and our cross-functional focus to identify a wide range of process optimization. This includes better labor deployment as well as improvements in supply chain sourcing, which we see continuing into future quarters. We remain committed to identifying additional opportunity to enhance our restaurant margins.
We balanced strong revenue growth and restaurant-level profit performance with a focus on cost discipline that yielded a reduction in both absolute and relative G&A expenses when compared to the prior year. Our second quarter G&A expense of $40.4 million is down $11.4 million or 22% from the $51.8 million a year ago. We continue to gain operating leverage as we sharpen our allocation framework to increase the flow-through of each incremental dollar of revenue we generate.
As we have discussed in the past, we operate with 4 strategic priorities, which are the basis for driving strong top line growth, customer acquisition and loyalty and profitability. Our strategic priorities are: One, expand and evolve our footprint in new and existing markets to connect more communities to real food; two, build our brand and digital experience as the industry leader, allowing us to add new customer channels, drive frequency and increase restaurant volume and margins; three, reinforce our commitment to craveability and inspire consumers to live healthier lives to reimagine fast food; four, run great restaurants with the people-first culture focused on developing talent for our future growth.
Now let me provide an update on each of these priorities. In the second quarter, we opened 10 new restaurants, ending the quarter with a total of 205 restaurants. During the quarter, we opened our first restaurants in Cranston, Rhode Island and San Antonio, Texas. Since the quarter ended, we've opened an additional 7 restaurants, including our first restaurants in Milwaukee and Orange County. While early, we are pleased with the class of 2023 openings.
Sweetgreen has always been a significant innovator in the industry, and the launch of our first automated production line, we call the Sweetgreen Infinite Kitchen is the latest example. Since launching on May 10 in Naperville, Illinois, we've been pleased with the performance of the restaurant and how it's enhanced the sweet touch. We've seen a more consistent customer experience and faster throughput, all while making our team members' jobs easier and more dynamic.
June represented the first full month of operation. While early, the Infinite Kitchen has demonstrated several significant benefits to our operating model. First, we saw significantly faster throughput. Today, the Sweetgreen Infinite Kitchen has the capability to produce between 400 and 500 bowls, plates and sides an hour, 50% more than a restaurant's front and digital make line combined. Second, our customers tell us it's a better in-store experience. Customers know when they order their meal, they will get it in under 5 minutes with consistent portioning and accuracy. We believe that this speed of service and consistency is contributing to the Infinite Kitchen's over-performance on both the top and bottom line.
Another benefit of faster throughput is noticeably less congestion in the restaurant, allowing team members to spend more time with customers. Third, it has been easier to hire and retain team members. We hired 1/3 fewer team members than a typical new restaurant with similar volume, and Naperville has experienced considerably less turnover. While we do not plan to disclose this metric quarterly, the restaurant-level margin for Naperville in June was 26%, significantly higher than any new restaurant opening in its first month. As the restaurant continues to ramp, we see additional opportunities to significantly improve the margin. We expect our second Infinite Kitchen will be live at the end of this year in Huntington Beach, California. We are optimistic about the future of the Infinite Kitchen as we integrate this format into our pipeline.
We continue to connect with our customers through our brand moments and digital experiences. Sweetpass, our loyalty program that launched at the end of April is steadily growing in membership and driving incrementality. Over time, we believe that Sweetpass will have a significant impact on unit economics. We also continue to see strength in our developing channels, creating more brand moments for us. Our B2B channel, consisting of Outpost and catering more than doubled year-over-year in the second quarter. We continue to invest in these channels because they provide opportunities for significant incremental orders from new and existing customers.
As always, we are committed to evolving our menu with fresh, healthy, delicious and craveable food. Our menu strategies strives to attract new customers, engage our loyal guests and drive additional day parts and occasions. On Tuesday, June 13, we released our early summer menu, staring the sun favorite Peach and Goat Cheese Salad. Backed by popular demand, the early summer menu also includes our Barbecue Chicken Salad as well as the Chicken Teriyaki Bowl, a twist on teriyaki by adding a creamy nutty flavor with the addition of tahini. To the barbecue sauce in our barbecue chicken salad, we teamed up with 2-time world barbecue champion, Charlie McKenna. In true Sweetgreen style, our barbecue sauce contains no refined sugar or preservatives.
Following the success of the Chicken and Chipotle Pepper Bowl, we are continuing our strategy to add hardier flavorful options to our menu in order to broaden our offering. We are incredibly happy with customer reception to our drinks and desserts and have some additional new products launching later this year. As we continue to focus on evolving our dayparts, we will be launching some new warm menu items in time for the winter months.
Running great restaurants is the foundational element to making our business thrive. The changes we have made over the past several months have resulted in more efficient restaurants, creating great experiences for both our customers and team members. This is evidenced by our margin improvement. At the beginning of the year, we introduced a new operating structure with our regional general manager model to create more empowerment at the restaurant-level, get our teams closer to our customers and reduced support center expenses related to field oversight.
Subsequently, in the spring, we empowered our head coaches to spend more time on the floor coaching our teams and engaging with our customers. Our KPIs continue to show improvement across frontline throughput, lower turnover and improved 90-day retention metrics. As a result, we've seen a 285 basis point improvement in labor from the first quarter.
We continue to offer a great employee value proposition, which includes attractive wages and benefits, training and development to foster lifelong skills and a clear path to advance their careers. In a few weeks, we will be starting our digital and in-store trial of tipping across our Northern California restaurants. By the end of the year, we will launch tipping across the fleet, which we believe will improve team member turnover and in turn, create a better overall customer experience.
Sweetgreen is a category leader at the forefront of redefining fast food, and we are only at the beginning of our growth journey. When the world changed around us very quickly, we rose to the challenge. We remain relentlessly focused on continuous operational improvement, all while delivering exceptional service to our customers to drive ongoing strength. As we move forward, we aim to continue to build on the adjusted EBITDA profitability we delivered in what was a seminal quarter for Sweetgreen as we further our mission of building healthier communities by connecting people to real food.
My co-founders and I collectively remain the largest shareholder of the company, and we treat every dollar as though it were our own. Our disciplined approach towards investment has been crucial to our strategy, and we see our approach paying off. These results today would not have been possible without the talented and dedicated team members in our restaurants and in our support center. I'm incredibly proud of this team and the results we delivered.
And now I'll turn it over to Mitch to walk through the quarter's financials in further detail.
Mitch Reback
Thank you, Jonathan, and good afternoon, everyone. Total revenue for the second quarter was $152.5 million, up from $124.9 million in the second quarter of 2022, growing 22% year-over-year. Same-store sales grew at 3%. This consisted of 4% of price, a 2% increase in traffic, offset by 3% in mix. The mix offset is largely attributable to the early investments made in Sweetpass as well as channel movement into the front line and pickup from native delivery. Our average unit volume in the second quarter was $2.9 million.
In the second quarter, we delivered $3.3 million profit on an adjusted EBITDA basis, an improvement of $11.1 million from the second quarter of 2022 loss of $7.8 million. Our second quarter revenue increase of $28 million year-over-year was a significant driver of the $11.1 million increase in adjusted EBITDA, a 40% flow-through to the bottom line. We opened 10 new restaurants this quarter for a total of 19 net new restaurants in the first half of 2023. We ended the quarter with 205 restaurants. We remain on track to achieve our guidance of at least 30 to 35 net new restaurants this year.
Restaurant-level profit margin in the second quarter was 20.4%, a 185 basis point improvement from the second quarter of 2022. We delivered a 20.4% margin, with 40% of our fleet under 2 years old. Restaurant-level profit for the second quarter was $31.1 million, up $7.9 million from a year ago. For a reconciliation of restaurant-level margin to comparable GAAP figures, please refer to the earnings release.
Food, beverage and packaging costs were 27% of revenue for the quarter, consistent with the second quarter of 2022 and showing sequential improvement of approximately 160 basis points since Q1. Labor and related costs were 29% of revenue for the second quarter, down 100 basis points from the comparable period in 2022 and showing sequential improvement of 285 basis points since Q1. This improvement is primarily attributable to head coach schedule optimization we implemented in the spring. Our restaurants are fully staffed, and we remain pleased with the quality of talent we are able to attract.
Additionally, we've seen an easing of wage pressures. Occupancy and related expenses were 9% of revenue, consistent with the second quarter of 2022. General and administrative expense was $40.4 million or 26% of revenue for the second quarter of 2023 as compared to $51.8 million or 41% of revenue in the prior year period. The decrease in general and administrative expense was primarily due to an $8.8 million decrease in stock-based compensation expense as well as a reduction in spend across the support center. During the second quarter, our G&A expense, excluding stock-based comp, was 9% lower than the second quarter of 2022.
Our net loss for the quarter was $27.3 million compared to a loss of $40.5 million in the prior year period. The $13.2 million improvement in net loss is primarily due to a $7.9 million increase in our restaurant-level profit, a $2.7 million increase in interest income as well as a decrease in G&A as previously discussed. These decreases in expense were partially offset by a noncash restructuring charge associated with our former Sweetgreen Support Center and an increase in depreciation and amortization associated with additional restaurants.
Adjusted EBITDA, which excludes stock-based compensation and certain other adjustments, was $3.3 million for the second quarter of 2023 as compared to a loss of $7.8 million in the prior year period. This $11.1 million improvement was primarily due to an increase in restaurant-level profit and a decrease in general and administrative expenses as described previously.
Last year, we made a commitment that we would be very close to a breakeven year in 2023 on an adjusted EBITDA basis and in 2024 be adjusted EBITDA profitable on a full year basis. We remain relentless in pursuit to achieve these goals. Halfway through the year, our adjusted EBITDA is a loss of $3.4 million compared to a loss last year at this time of $24.8 million, a $21.4 million improvement year-over-year. We ended the quarter with a cash balance of just over $280 million and generated positive operating cash flow during the second quarter.
In light of our second quarter results, our fiscal 2023 guidance now reflects a higher restaurant-level margin and a lower adjusted EBITDA loss. 30 to 35 net new restaurant openings, revenue ranging from $575 million to $595 million, same-store sales growth between 2% and 6%, restaurant-level margins between 16% and 18% and an adjusted EBITDA loss between $10 million and 0. We see pathways for further margin expansion and are unrelenting in our search to find efficiencies in G&A. We are keenly focused on continuing to be a high revenue growth company and becoming both profitable and cash flow positive.
With that, I'll turn the call back to the operator to start Q&A.
Question and Answer Session
Operator
(Operator Instructions) We'll take our first question from Sharon Zackfia with William Blair.
Sharon Zackfia
I wanted to touch base on the Infinite Kitchen, these restaurant-level margins where pretty impressive. I also assume having been there that it costs more to build. So I'm curious kind of how the ROI works or how you expect us to look for Naperville? And then as you think about development and rolling out more Infinite Kitchen, assuming they cost more, how do you kind of adjust your development plans if you need to in order to kind of extend the runway of the cash that you account?
Jonathan Neman
Sharon, good to hear from you, and I'm glad you're able to check out the Infinite Kitchen in person. So what I'd say is so far, we're really pleased with the results we're seeing. As I mentioned in the prepared remarks, I think, first and foremost, really excited about the experience we're delivering to customers. We're getting a lot of positive feedback on everything from the theater of the food, really showing the scratch cooking, the hospitality, the speed of service and the proportioning and accuracy. So it does solve a lot of customer experience challenges that exist in the restaurant industry. And so I think that was a huge proof point for it.
Of course, we also expect it to have an economic financial gain in terms of margin expansion and overall improving our returns on capital. To your point, yes, of course, the machines do have an incremental investment but we believe -- we actually know that they will deliver an accretive return on capital anywhere we put them. We're not guiding today around how much they actually cost but we will only be deploying them where we will see an incremental accretive return on capital, which we expect to see given the early results. And just a reminder, what we saw in Naperville, it was just our first month. As you'd expect in most restaurants, we expect a ramping period. So we do expect the stabilized margin to be north of where it was in its first month.
Operator
We'll take our next question from Katherine Griffin with Bank of America.
Katherine Anne Griffin
I was hoping, either Mitch or Jon, if you could just speak to the cadence monthly in the quarter, sort of what you saw in terms of traffic trends in the second quarter, that would be helpful.
Mitch Reback
Katherine, thanks for the question. What we saw were somewhat consistent traffic patterns during the quarter really across the fleet. As we came into the third quarter, as a second observation, we saw a slowdown during the July 4 weekend, and then it picked back up to be more consistent with the second quarter.
Operator
And we'll take our next question from John Ivankoe with JPMorgan.
John William Ivankoe
In your prepared remarks, you mentioned some of the second quarter margin improvement was due, at least partially to, I think I wrote it down, supply chain sourcing. I was hoping if we could just elaborate on that topic broadly. I mean what that specifically means. Is that just in terms of how you're consolidating some suppliers and how you're handling the physical distribution? Or are you embarking on kind of considering how you're allocating some costs that you're currently duplicating within each store to potentially using or leaning a little bit more on your supply chain in terms of bringing in some value-added products into the store to make them, in fact, easier and more efficient to run?
Jonathan Neman
John, you hit it pretty much, pretty accurately. So the supply -- so the margin leverage that we saw was a combination of labor and COGS savings. On the COGS side, it was really due to a lot of supply chain sourcing around economies of scale and contract pricing that we were able to lock in as well as, as you mentioned, upstreaming. The upstreaming, it actually doesn't help your COGS, it helps your labor. You actually spend a little bit more on bringing certain things in, in a different way to reduce the labor load inside of the restaurant. But the balance is a -- the balance is a higher-margin, easier to run restaurant. So we do not reduce the quality of any of the food in doing so. It was more just consolidation of certain distribution and logistics as well as contract pricing. And so just a huge shout out to our supply chain and procurement team on delivering an awesome quarter. And as we mentioned on the prepared remarks, we do expect these savings to continue.
John William Ivankoe
And could you elaborate a little bit more on upstreaming, like, what you've already maybe put into the stores and what you may see going forward, how big of an opportunity that might be?
Jonathan Neman
Yes, absolutely. As you know, Sweetgreen really pride ourselves on our sourcing as well as our scratch cooking model. However, we do see opportunities to simplify the labor model inside restaurants by taking certain items that we think we can improve the quality and consistency and upstreaming them.
So you've seen in past years doing things like Parmesan Crisps, as an example. What we're doing -- what we've begun doing this year is upstreaming a number of our dressings. So we have -- not all of our dressing but a number of our dressings that are now upstream, ones that don't have any fresh herbs and then we think the ones with really the herbs we still want to do in restaurants because we want that flavor to come out. But a number of the ones that do not have that, we still use the same quality of ingredients is what took us so long to do, same-store, same quality, brought in fresh to the restaurants, but it removes the ability -- the need to do that in stores.
As we've talked about before, we're very careful on what we touch around our food ethos. And so we test things. We're very careful about what things we change because we know what people love about us is the quality that we bring. And so we do expect to do more things, but we will do them very carefully over time.
Operator
Take our next question from Chris Carril with RBC Capital Markets.
Christopher Emilio Carril
So can you expand maybe a bit more on the updated restaurant-level margin guidance and how we should think about margins here for the balance of the year? I know there's typically a good bit of seasonality with respect to the top line and margins. But could you just maybe walk us through some of the puts and takes around the restaurant margins here going forward, including your cost inflation outlook from here?
Mitch Reback
Chris, thank you for the question. As you saw in the guidance, we increased our restaurant-level margin from 15% to 17% to 16% to 18%. That was really reflective of some of the actions that we saw in the second quarter, becoming permanent throughout the rest of the year. And John talked a little bit about the changes made in labor and in the cost of goods and sourcing. What we're seeing in inflation essentially in the second quarter was very, very little to no inflation in both commodities and in labor, and we expect much of these trends to continue on through the back half of the year. Those are the factors that really led to the improvement in the margin, and we see that largely being sustained out into the future.
Operator
We'll take your next question from John Power with Citi.
Karen Ann Holthouse
It's actually Karen on for John this evening. So I think your comment about the dynamics of price mix in the quarter. It sounds like maybe we're at the point or at least in the second quarter, where Sweetpass was like net-net, a little bit of a net comp headwind in terms of giving the discount, but not seeing the full benefit of potential frequency increases or even new people coming into the brand. So could you kind of comment on what those underlying dynamics are? When do you think it becomes accretive? And if there's anything else to kind of help frame scope of the program at this point in terms of membership, percent of sales or anything like that?
Jonathan Neman
Yes, absolutely. So we launched Sweetpass about 3 months ago, and you kind of got it right. The early parts of the launch was really about the launch, and there was a lot of costs around the discount line in terms of the launch of the program. We are really pleased with the early success of the program, really both parts in the Sweetpass and the Sweetpass Plus piece and seeing specifically on the membership on the Sweetpass Plus piece, we're seeing a pretty healthy mix of low-frequency users that are joining the program and seeing really healthy incrementality out of that group. What we guided to when we first launched it is Sweetpass was going to be a program that launches and takes a bit of time to build as we build the membership base. And I'd say the last thing is the launch was -- while we launched it, it was, in some ways, a pilot given the fact that it's only a digital program today. So it doesn't -- our biggest channel and our fastest-growing channel right now is our in-store business. And Sweetpass today does not work in store. Really happy to report that in the next few months, we will be unlocking the ability to use both earn and redeem of all Sweetpass functionality in restaurants, which we think is going to be super accretive in terms of the value of the program, especially if you consider the fact that most of our new customers come through our stores to start. So if we think about Sweetpass as a channel to acquire and hold new customers as well as drive frequency of our lower frequency gas, that in-store unlock is really important. So look forward to sharing more on that once we have the full feature set launched, and we have a little bit more time under our belts.
Operator
We'll take our next question from Andrew Charles with TD Cowen.
Andrew Michael Charles
Two separate questions. Mitch, just following up on an earlier question, and I appreciate all the details Infinite Kitten. But what's the level of normal margin inefficiencies during the restaurant's first month operation? I'm trying to better understand what could be a normalized level of margins from IK once -- new store inefficiencies aside.
And then just my second question was just on development guidance. Year-to-date, you guys have opened 26 relative to the guidance for 30 to 35, just kind of curious, I mean, usually it's 4Q way with the development. So what's changing that dynamic in 2023 unless it's just conservatism?
Mitch Reback
Thank you, Andrew, for the questions. We've really never given our first month margin on typically on new stores, but it would be safe to assume that they're really below the company average. So the Naperville 26 would really be a number that would compare to a number that's well below 20% in the quarter. Then differently, Naperville was considerably higher than any first month for a stores operation. .
The second question you have is on our development and whether there was a degree of conservatism in it. The guide that we're sticking with is 30 to 35 net new restaurants we are trying our best to open restaurants as fast as we can, and we're very pleased with the results of the class of 2023.
Operator
And we'll take our next question from Brian Mullan with Piper Sandler.
Brian Hugh Mullan
Just a follow-up on the Infinite Kitchen. Just is there anything in that Naperville store that you'd like to see fix or improve before you'd be willing to deploy it more broadly, whether that be around how it functions or just the cost of deploying it. Really just trying to understand if you're at the point where you think it could be a material part of the new unit pipeline as early as next year? Or do you want investors to think it could take a bit longer than that before it's deployed more broadly?
Jonathan Neman
Okay, overall, we're really pleased. As I mentioned in previous calls, we were very -- we had a lot of confidence in the technology itself as we've been running within a lab setting for a very long time. A lot of what we were really understanding was the overall print are both the first order and second order improvements that we see within that experience. I'd say today, really what we're just looking for is more time. It's only been a couple of months of being open. So we'd like a little bit more time to see how customers feel about it, how team members feel about it and how we can best continue to deploy it. But we do expect for it to be part of our development pipeline in 2024. And as we mentioned, we will be opening a second unit at the end of this year.
Operator
And that does conclude today's presentation. Thank you for your participation, and you may now disconnect.
