Q3 2023 Acadia Healthcare Company Inc Earnings Call

Participants

Christopher Howal Hunter; CEO & Director; Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.

Gretchen Hommrich; VP of IR; Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.

Heather Dixon; CFO; Acadia Healthcare Company, Inc.

Albert J. William Rice; Analyst; UBS Investment Bank, Research Division

Benjamin Hendrix; Assistant VP; RBC Capital Markets, Research Division

Benjamin Whitman Mayo; MD of Equity Research & Senior Research Analyst; Leerink Partners LLC, Research Division

Brian Gil Tanquilut; Senior Equity/Stock Analyst; Jefferies LLC, Research Division

Gary Paul Taylor; MD & Senior Equity Research Analyst; TD Cowen, Research Division

John Wilson Ransom; MD of Equity Research & Director of Healthcare Research; Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Research Division

Kevin Mark Fischbeck; MD in Equity Research; BofA Securities, Research Division

Philip Chickering; Research Analyst; Deutsche Bank AG, Research Division

Sarah Elizabeth James; Research Analyst; Cantor Fitzgerald & Co., Research Division

Presentation

Operator

Good morning and welcome to the Acadia Healthcare Third Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. (Operator Instructions) Please also note that this event is being recorded today.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Gretchen Hommrich. Please go ahead.

Gretchen Hommrich

Good morning, and welcome to Acadia's Third Quarter 2023 Conference Call. I'm Gretchen Hommrich, Vice President of Investor Relations for Acadia. Here with me today are Chris Hunter, Acadia's Chief Executive Officer; and Heather Dixon, our Chief Financial Officer.
I'll first provide you with our safe harbor before turning the call over to Chris. To the extent any non-GAAP financial measure is discussed in today's call, you will also find a reconciliation of that measure to the most directly comparable financial measure calculated according to GAAP on our website by viewing yesterday's news release under the Investors link. This conference call may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements among others, regarding Acadia's expected quarterly and annual financial performance for 2023 and beyond.
You are hereby cautioned that these statements may be affected by the important factors, among others, set forth in Acadia's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and in the company's third quarter news release and consequently, actual operations and results may differ materially from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements.
At this time, I would like to turn the conference call over to our Chief Executive Officer, Chris Hunter, for opening remarks.

Christopher Howal Hunter

Thank you, Gretchen, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for being with us for Acadia's Third Quarter 2023 Conference Call. Before we discuss the results, I want to note an important recent addition to Acadia's leadership. Last week, we announced that Dr. Patrice Harris has been appointed to the company's Board of Directors. Dr. Harris is a Board-certified in psychiatry and has diverse experience as a Private Practicing Physician, Public Health Director and Patient Advocate. She served as President of the American Medical Association from 2019 to 2020, where she was the first African-American woman to be elected to this prestigious position.
She also served as Chair of the AMA's opioid task force and on AMA work groups devoted to health information technology, sustainable growth rate and private contracting. She continues to work in private practice and as Chief Executive Officer of eMed Digital Healthcare, a digital healthcare company she cofounded.
Dr. Harris brings deep clinical expertise in areas that are core to Acadia's mission and we look forward to her valuable insights as we continue to execute our growth strategy.
Now turning to the results. For the third quarter, we delivered strong financial and operating performance as we continue to see growing demand for our behavioral health services across our 4 distinct lines of business. With solid execution on our core business combined with sustained execution of our strategy, we are consistently able to meet this demand as well as deliver on our key performance objectives.
Top and bottom line growth this quarter was impressive. We reported year-over-year revenue growth of 12.5%, adjusted EBITDA growth of 13.4% and adjusted EPS growth of 13.8% excluding income from the provider relief fund recognized in the third quarters of 2023 and 2022. Notably, our same-facility revenue increased 13% compared with the third quarter last year with the increase driven by both volume and rate improvements.
Similar to what we've experienced throughout 2023, these third quarter results reflect the collective impact of the ongoing focus on our core business and our progress against our growth strategy. In addition to our core financial metrics, we were pleased to see further sequential improvement in our labor trends with 2023 wage inflation decreasing from 7.5% in the first quarter to 6.3% in the second quarter to 5.7% in the third quarter, an improvement of 180 basis points so far this year.
Additionally, recent investments to focus on employee engagement have supported our ability to attract and retain employees in a competitive market. Our most recent employee survey showed notable improvement in engagement. In addition, attrition rates across a number of our clinical positions have declined. We expect further improvement in this trend as we remain focused on employee engagement and continue to share best practices across our 253 facilities.
Our team has done an outstanding job in effectively managing our operations as we experienced higher volumes in our current facilities and added more capacity through the continued delivery of our 5 defined growth pathways. In support of our first pathway, facility expansions, we have added 204 beds to existing facilities through the first 9 months of the year.
Thank you, Gretchen, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for being with us for Acadia's Third Quarter 2023 Conference Call. Before we discuss the results, I want to note an important recent addition to Acadia's leadership. Last week, we announced that Dr. Patrice Harris has been appointed to the company's Board of Directors. Dr. Harris is a Board-certified in psychiatry and has diverse experience as a private practicing physician, public health Director and patient advocate. She served as President of the American Medical Association from 2019 to 2020, where she was the first African-American woman to be elected to this prestigious position. She also served as Chair of the AMA's opioid task force and on AMA work groups devoted to health information technology, sustainable growth rate and private contracting. She continues to work in private practice and as Chief Executive Officer of eMed Digital Healthcare, a digital healthcare company she cofounded.
Dr. Harris brings deep clinical expertise in areas that are core to Acadia's mission, and we look forward to her valuable insights as we continue to execute our growth strategy.
Now turning to the results. For the third quarter, we delivered strong financial and operating performance as we continue to see growing demand for our behavioral health services across our 4 distinct lines of business. With solid execution on our core business, combined with sustained execution of our strategy, we are consistently able to meet this demand as well as deliver on our key performance objectives.
Top and bottom line growth this quarter was impressive. We reported year-over-year revenue growth of 12.5%, adjusted EBITDA growth of 13.4% and adjusted EPS growth of 13.8%, excluding income from the provider relief fund recognized in the third quarters of 2023 and 2022. Notably, our same-facility revenue increased 13% compared with the third quarter last year, with the increase driven by both volume and rate improvements.
Similar to what we've experienced throughout 2023, these third quarter results reflect the collective impact of the ongoing focus on our core business and our progress against our growth strategy. In addition to our core financial metrics, we were pleased to see further sequential improvement in our labor trends with 2023 wage inflation decreasing from 7.5% in the first quarter to 6.3% in the second quarter to 5.7% in the third quarter, an improvement of 180 basis points so far this year.
Additionally, recent investments to focus on employee engagement have supported our ability to attract and retain employees in a competitive market. Our most recent employee survey showed notable improvement in engagement. In addition, attrition rates across a number of our clinical positions have declined. We expect further improvement in this trend as we remain focused on employee engagement and continue to share best practices across our 253 facilities.
Our team has done an outstanding job in effectively managing our operations as we experienced higher volumes in our current facilities and added more capacity through the continued delivery of our 5 defined growth pathways. In support of our first pathway, facility expansions, we have added 204 beds to existing facilities through the first 9 months of the year. We are on track to meet our objective to add a total of approximately 300 beds to existing facilities in 2023.
For our second pathway, we remain focused on developing wholly owned de novo facilities in underserved markets for Behavioral Healthcare Services. To this end, we're making good progress on opening a newly renovated 101-bed adult hospital in outpatient facility, which is part of the Montrose Behavioral Health Hospital in Chicago, Illinois as well as an 80-bed inpatient hospital, Coachella Valley Behavioral Health in Indio, California. Both are expected to open by the end of this year.
Our CTC service line continues to expand its industry-leading position with 155 locations across 32 states and a flexible suite of service of solutions from traditional OTPs to mobile vans and telehealth solutions. We opened 2 new CTC locations in the third quarter, making a total of 4 CTCs opened so far this year. We're on track to open 6 CTCs in 2023 and are focused on accelerating our growth in the future.
Importantly, the need for our services has never been greater. More than 9 million Americans are suffering from opioid use disorder. And just last year, the country witnessed approximately 110,000 overdose deaths, tragically a record high.
Regarding our third growth pathway, we are especially proud of the expanded scale of care we can deliver to communities across the country through relationships with renowned joint venture partners. Early in the third quarter, we opened a 96 bed hospital with our joint venture partner, Bronson Healthcare in Battle Creek, Michigan and another 96 bed hospital with our partner Geisinger in Moosic, Pennsylvania. This is the first of 2 hospitals we will be opening with Geisinger in the state. We anticipate breaking ground in early 2024 on the second hospital in Danville, Pennsylvania.
We are also pleased to highlight that this week, we broke ground on our previously announced Behavioral Health Hospital with joint venture partner, ECU Health, Eastern North Carolina's Premier Health System. This new hospital will expand our acute service line into the North Carolina market and will serve as a destination academic site, training students and residents from the ECU's Brody School of Medicine.
We look forward to working together with these Premier Health Systems to provide quality behavioral healthcare in their respective markets. With our clinical expertise and standing as the leading pure-play provider of Behavioral Healthcare Services, Acadia remains an attractive partner for health systems who want to expand behavioral healthcare treatment options in their respective communities.
Working together, we have a shared commitment to provide access to quality care and support the critical need in the community. Today, Acadia's 20 joint venture partnerships represent a combined total of 21 hospitals with 11 hospitals already in operation and 10 hospitals expected to open over the next several years.
In addition, we recently broke ground on a second hospital with an existing JV partner, which we will announce in the next several months. This will be our second partnership with 2 hospitals in different markets demonstrating the value of these collaborations to both our partners and to us. The pipeline for potential partners remains robust and joint ventures will continue to play an important role in Acadia's future growth.
With respect to our fourth growth pathway, we are focusing on identifying acquisitions that support our growth objectives and meet the criteria of our capital allocation strategy. During the third quarter, we announced a definitive agreement to acquire Turning Point Centers, a specialty provider of substance use disorder and primary mental health treatment services that cares for patients in the Salt Lake City, Utah metropolitan market. This acquisition will allow us to operate the 76 beds in their current facilities and over time, add an additional 48 beds to the operations. We expect to close this transaction by the end of 2023.
As you know, extending the continuum of care is our fifth and final growth pathway. One of the key focus areas of this pathway is expanding partial hospitalization programs or PHP and Intensive Outpatient Programs or IOP, that can provide 4 to 6 hours of care per day.
We believe the impact of PHP IOP on the clinical outcomes of our patients can be significant for multiple reasons.
First, the vast majority of our acute and specialty patients are indicated for PHP IOP as a step-down therapy post discharge as they transition back to the community. Second, PHP IOP has a strong record of positively affecting post-discharge health outcomes. And lastly, we believe there's a clinical opportunity for a larger share of our patients to access and appropriately utilize PHP IOP. To support this goal, we will continue to expand our PHP IOP offerings across facilities, including 3 new programs in the third quarter and 26 programs through the first 9 months of the year.
Through each of these 5 growth pathways, we are well positioned to maintain our growth trajectory and meet our stated development targets for calendar '23 as follows: adding 670 beds through approximately 300 bed additions to existing facilities, of which already -- we've already added 204 beds year-to-date; opening 2 inpatient de novo hospitals, Montrose Behavioral Health Hospital and Coachella Valley Behavioral Health, which we expect to complete by year-end; opening 2 hospitals with JV partners, which we completed early in the third quarter; and then opening 6 CTC locations, of which we have already opened for this year.
Looking ahead to 2024, we have significant opportunities for further growth through our defined pathways and consistent with what we shared in our first ever Investor Day a year ago at Carnegie Hall in New York. With respect to our joint ventures, we look forward to continued progress into 2024 with projects that are already underway. We would like to preview a few highlights.
First, together with our partner, Henry Ford Health, one of the nation's premier academic and integrated health systems, we will open a 192 bed joint venture inpatient Behavioral Health Hospital serving the Metro-Detroit area. Second, together with one of the premier health systems in Colorado, Intermountain Health, we will open a 144-bed inpatient Behavioral Health Hospital, which will serve Denver area residents. This hospital will expand our acute service line into Colorado.
And as previously mentioned, we expect to announce a second hospital with an existing joint venture partner in the next several months, which has already begun construction. We expect these facilities to open in 2024.
In addition to these JV facilities, we have several de novo facilities that will begin to care for patients in 2024 as well. As we previously announced, we plan to open a 100-bed acute Behavioral Health Hospital in Mesa, Arizona, Agave Ridge Behavioral Health.
Additionally, we recently acquired a building on 10 acres of land that will allow us to expand our specialty services in Florida. This convertible facility near Tampa expected to open its first 20 beds in the second quarter of 2024 and includes plans to expand this facility to 80 beds in the future. This specialty facility will treat patients recovering from substance use disorders.
And finally, we'd like to highlight our new acute care Behavioral Health Facility in Madison, Wisconsin. While Acadia has a presence in the state with our 14 CTCs in the specialty SUD residential treatment program, our 120-bed acute care hospital represents an important new market entry for Acadia's acute de novo growth.
As we continue to extend our market reach, safety and quality care remain our top priorities in every aspect of patient care. We're committed to implementing the right training and leadership development along with the right technology to ensure we're delivering the best possible outcomes for our patients. We have made significant technology investments this year to deliver strong clinical outcomes and further drive efficiencies in our business. Our recent investments in electronic medical records and patient monitoring technology are yielding early benefits and support our medical teams with respect to patient safety and compliance.
We are extremely proud of the work that we are doing and our progress to date in 2023. Across the company, our dedicated employees and clinicians are addressing the nation's critical need for safe quality treatment for mental health and substance use issues. We are well positioned to leverage our scale and expertise and continue to reach more patients and their families who desperately need our help.
At this time, I will now turn the call over to Heather to discuss our financial results for the quarter and 2023 guidance.

Heather Dixon

Thanks, Chris, and good morning, everyone. Our third quarter financial performance reflects the continued favorable growth in our business in 2023.
We achieved solid top line growth with $750.3 million in revenue for the quarter, up 12.5% over the third quarter of last year. The company recorded income related to the Provider Relief Fund established by the CARES Act of $4.4 million during the third quarter of '23 and $7.7 million during the third quarter of 2022. Excluding income from the PRF for both periods, adjusted EBITDA for the third quarter of 2023 increased 13.4% to $175.9 million compared with $155.1 million for the third quarter of 2022.
Adjusted income attributable to Acadia's stockholder per diluted share was $0.91, up 13.8% for the third quarter of 2023 compared with $0.80 per diluted share for the third quarter of 2022. Adjustments to income for the third quarter of '23 include the impact of the cost of legal settlements, transaction-related expenses and the related income tax effects of all items.
During the third quarter, we evaluated our professional liability reserves, including an acceleration of our periodic actuarial review. While we perform this review process each year and adjust our reserves accordingly, the timing is usually during fourth quarter. Given the heightened activity and level of discussions regarding litigation reserves, we believe it was prudent to accelerate that review to the third quarter. As a result, we recorded an adjustment to increased professional and general liability reserves by $5.2 million.
After seeing increases in the last 2 years in the form of reserve adjustments, we are not anticipating a meaningful increase in this line item moving forward. Acadia has maintained a strong financial position, which provides us the flexibility to deploy capital, to support our organic growth strategy as well as fund potential acquisitions and future investments.
As of September 30, 2023, we had $99.6 million in cash and cash equivalents and $520 million available under our $600 million revolving credit facility with a net leverage ratio of approximately 2x.
Before turning to our guidance, let me briefly touch on the settlement agreements we described in the 8-K filed earlier this week relating to 3 lawsuits involving the company's former Desert Hills facility. As noted in that 8-K, soon after the settlements are approved by the court, Acadia will pay an aggregate $400 million in exchange for a full release and discharge of all related claims. We believe these settlement agreements are a positive step forward and remove uncertainty and future expense associated with the 3 cases.
We currently intend to pay the settlement funds from a combination of insurance, cash on hand and existing credit lines and affect the entire settlement amount less any portion covered by insurance to be tax deductible. We look forward to turning all of our attention to the continued execution and delivery of the best possible care for our patients, families and communities we serve. And as you can see from the updates to our guidance, our growth in this respect is strong and is expected to remain so.
In fact, as noted in our press release, we have increased our full year expectations for revenue, which are now expected to be in the range of $2.9 billion to $2.92 billion. We also excluding income from the PRF, adjusted EBITDA is now expected to be in the range of $655 million to $675 million and adjusted earnings per diluted share are now expected to be in the range of $3.33 to $3.43. Please refer to our press release for all of the metrics.
As a reminder, the company's guidance does not include the impact of any future acquisitions, divestitures, transaction-related expenses or the recognition of additional provider relief fund income.
With that, operator, we're ready to open the call for questions.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

(Operator Instructions) At this time, we will take our first question, which will come from Whit Mayo with Leerink Partners.

Benjamin Whitman Mayo

Heather, can I just follow up on the professional liability, the net now -- reserve sounds like this was just accelerating the annual process that you guys undertake in the fourth quarter. But -- can you confirm whether or not there's been any changes in the number of claims, the frequency of the claims, the size of the claims, anything that actuarially would have driven the $5 million increase, which I think is similar to what we saw last year. So I'm just not sure what drove this other than perhaps just strengthening of the reserves. So just any additional context would be helpful.

Heather Dixon

Sure, Whit. I can tell you that we follow the same process that we typically follow and it covers claims across all of our facilities for all years. There is no change to sort of the volume of claims or the way that we've evaluated these. I'm sure you'll remember that we took a similar charge in the fourth quarter of last year, and that was actually larger than the reserve that we just recorded, it was $5.9 million last year that we took in the fourth quarter, and we took $5.2 -- or $5.3 million in this quarter.

Benjamin Whitman Mayo

Okay. My other question maybe just, Chris, an update. I mean the volumes look pretty strong, broad-based, if you could maybe unpack some of the service lines, whether or not there's one individual that stands out more than the others. And now that you've had some time to sort of unpack Medicaid and redeterminations. Is there anything noticeable to call out? Anything that you've learned? Any color would be helpful.

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. No, thank you, Whit. I'd say all of our service lines are really seeing strong performance. When you look at acute and specialty, they're both up as well as CTC. RTC is also up, not as much, but I would say primarily the volume growth is driven by acute specialty and CTC. And then I would say, on the redeterminations front, all of the advanced preparation that traces back to really a year ago at this time, we feel like it's really paid off for us, and we are not seeing a significant impact on patient volume or peer mix. And just to remind you that when you look at our lines of business, our acute service line continues to outperform and just has seen no noticeable impact from redetermination.
Specialty is a little bit different and that it's protected due to these unique county-level backstop funding mechanism that we have for patients in Pennsylvania, which is the state that we have most of our specialty Medicaid volume. And then regarding our RTC business, our experience there just continues to support that our patients are protected because roughly 80% of Medicaid patients are wards of the state, and as a result, they are protected.
So for us, redetermination is really primarily applicable to our CTC service line. And I would say our patients there are continuing with their treatment either through the reinstatement of Medicaid, switching to another payer, accessing state-based exchanges, sometimes moving to self-pay as well.
So more broadly across the country, now that Oregon, which has been the final state actually started redetermination on October 1, all states have officially launched for redetermination. And we'd say that -- we estimate approximately just under half, about 40% of our patients have now completed redetermination, and we anticipate this process will obviously continue to move into '24.
So I just think in summary, we continue to be cautiously optimistic that the impacts will continue to be very manageable. It continues to be a major focus for the company. We're tracking it very, very closely. Process continues to vary a little bit by state, CMS came in last year in the summer and encourage a number of states to pause the pace that they were moving. Various patients off the rolls. But overall, we believe the impact is going to be modest, particularly in '23 and our experience to date aligns with this view.

Operator

Our next question will come from A.J. Rice with UBS.

Albert J. William Rice

I know earlier in the year, there was some concern expressed about whether the payment rates when you gave your original guidance that you were seeing sort of across the board will maybe moderate in the back half of the year, but that seems like that's held in there pretty well. I wondered if I could get you -- for the first question here, just to give us some thoughts about what you're seeing in terms of rate updates and maybe you should look into '24 across your major payer classes?

Heather Dixon

Sure, A.J., I'll take that question. So first, I'll say, you're right, we are pleased with what we're seeing from a rate perspective. You'll recall, of course, that we sort of increased our guidance midyear based partly on the strength that we were seeing in our rate negotiations. And we were anticipating mid-single-digit growth rates for the second half of the year. And I can tell you that we are seeing that. We are seeing that come through. We've seen it in the third quarter, as you can see sort of in the strong results that we had. And then we are expecting to continue to see those strong rates come through for Q4.
I can tell you that, that has been pretty consistent across the markets and across the payers, Medicaid and commercial. And we see the average rate increases in those ranges, of course, there are some above and some below but it's just across all service lines, including CTC. We would expect that to continue into Q1 as we enter 2024. But then we would think that, that's going to moderate back to normal -- more normalized growth levels for 2024.

Albert J. William Rice

No, no, that's fine. I wanted to hear the last part, too, so that's good. My other question would be related to the paid to joint ventures deal, you've obviously announced a lot of deals with major health systems, and it seems to continue to be there. I think there was a perception maybe that some of this was a reaction to these health system challenges in the pandemic and the need to partner up with someone for some of the post-acute services. But I wonder if the discussion that you're seeing now suggest that maybe this is going to persist for longer, would maybe give us a little bit of flavor for what are good discussions with some of these newer JVs that you're seeing? Is it -- what's driving the continued discussion to partner with someone like you to help them on behavioral?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. Thanks, A.J. This is Chris. I'll start and see if Heather wants to add anything. But I think it starts with the fact that we have really impressive referenceability. We have 20 joint ventures that we've now signed. And we had a groundbreaking earlier this week. And just in talking to that partner, I think we continue to see that they're getting calls as listed from others that are interested in some sort of partnership.
I think there's a recognition that there are so many behavioral health patients that present in an emergency room that they would like to get dedicated care and they recognize increasingly that they don't have that expertise. And so they frequently are looking for a partner that can help them deliver care and frequently they just do not have the related beds.
So I think this is a theme that we've seen. Really began before the pandemic, but I think has accelerated. And I think as we've continued to align ourselves with such marquee partners, that referenceability has continued to persist. And I think our pipeline continues to look very good. Obviously, we continue to do significant work on identifying the target geographies that we feel are underbedded and that starts there.
But where there is a partner that presents themselves in that market or that we proactively approach, joint ventures can be a really attractive growth pathway for us and one that will continue to be a significant part of our growth. And as I laid out in my opening remarks in 2024, it really gives us the visibility into 2024 bed growth that we laid out in our Investor Day.

Operator

The next question will come from Kevin Fischbeck with Bank of America.

Kevin Mark Fischbeck

Great. I guess last night, CMS finalized the hospital outpatient update. And it included a bunch of things on behavioral health and allowing providers to set up these partial hospitalization programs and things like that. Is that something that you guys would directly participate in? Or is that something that would potentially be increasing competition for the services that you provide?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Kevin, this is Chris. Thanks for the question. I would say on the PHP IOP front, there is not as much opportunity for us with Medicare specifically. I think the rate increases would certainly apply to us, but we see them as relatively negligible and not a material impact on the business and pretty much in line with what we had expected.

Kevin Mark Fischbeck

Okay. And then the revenue growth is pretty impressive. And obviously, EBITDA grew faster, and I appreciate the $5 million charge in the quarter, but I would have thought that with rates growing faster than wages in the quarter and then really strong volume growth, there might be more leverage to the margin in the quarter. Is there anything that you would spike out there or anything that you would highlight there as to why there might not have been more leverage in the quarter on the EBITDA side?

Heather Dixon

I would really point to the point that you just made in regards to that PLGL reserve adjustment, we did see favorable rate increases and we did see sort of labor rates moderating. So you're right on both of those fronts. It's just really that reserve increase that we took in Q3 this year instead of our normal Q4 cadence. But all other things aside, we're progressing well on the other fronts that you mentioned.

Operator

Our next question will come from Ben Hendrix with RBC.

Benjamin Hendrix

I wanted to get a little bit more detail on the labor front. The periodic labor screen that we run has also suggested you've made good progress filling open clinical positions over the last few months. And I wanted to get your comments on where you're seeing the strongest hiring activity across the business lines and if there are still areas or geographies where you're seeing capacity constraints? And then finally, what you're expecting for wage inflation next year?

Heather Dixon

Well, I'll start maybe with wage inflation and what we're expecting for next year. I mean, as you know, we've gone from 7.5% to 6.3% to 5.7% ultimately in Q3, and that's starting from Q4 last year at 8.2%. So we've made some significant progress there. We're really happy with that progress, and we definitely expect to see continued progress.
We continue to think that we have a path to see further reductions on the actions that we're taking on our part, and Chris can talk about some of your specific hiring questions that you're alluding to in a minute. But those are the actions we're taking, and we feel really good about those things that we're doing. But we remain a little bit cautious in regards to the macroeconomic environment and things that are outside of our control.
I mean, overall, as we just talked about labor inflation, we think will move in tandem with the overall inflation rates and that will ultimately continue to support our reimbursement rate trends. And so we expect that labor inflation will moderate, and it will come more in line with other market trends. But it's a little too early to really put out a number for the guide. We'll come back in February next year with something more solid there, but we expect to continue to make progress.

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. And a couple of things that I would add. I would say that we have been very successful in increasing our net new hires and seeing a decline in the open roles that you were referencing, a number of strategies that we've put in place there and a number of actions that I think have really helped drive a reduction in turnover.
I referenced in the prepared remarks, employee engagement. We did our first employee engagement survey and it's first in the history of the company last year, and we recently did a pulse check to just check on the progress that we're making, and we saw a pretty significant improvement over the baseline in only a short period of time. So we feel really good about the progress that we're making there.
I think the other factor that has really helped us with clinical positions, particularly the impact of turnover for RNs and LPNs has been being much more intentional about training and onboarding new employees. I think historically, as a company that has grown by acquisition, we've been very differential to the facilities to put their own training programs in place and by systematizing the way that we do training, we've seen a pretty meaningful reduction in the turnover of clinical employees because we're managing our expectations better upfront.
And I think while this -- we saw this with both RNs and LPNs. LPNs where we saw the most impressive improvement overall. So we continue to focus significantly on 90-day turnover across the board across all lines of business and continue to work very closely with our operators as well as our HR team.
And just the final part of your question in terms of, yes, there certainly are some geographies where we continue to see more challenges than others. There are some that are obviously more advantageous. But I think we are doing a much better job as a company in the last year of having that very close working relationship within our HR department being much more closely aligned with our operators. Thanks for the question.

Operator

And our next question will come from Brian Tanquilut with Jefferies.

Brian Gil Tanquilut

Heather, maybe just clarification on some of the comments you've already made. So if I'm looking at SWB maybe on a per patient day basis, should we think that as something as a KPI that will moderate in terms of growth rate going forward or maybe just track the rate growth number?

Heather Dixon

Yes. If you think about SWB on a per patient day basis, we have typically tracked that. And we have seen -- we saw in previous years how that was sort of growing. And it was -- it had some other contributions that aren't in the normal sort of day-to-day operations that contribute to it. And that includes -- and includes obviously same-facility wage inflation, but it also has some of the corporate function cost benefits that are included in there and then startup losses and then closures. So it has all those different effects.
So we started to call out sort of the base wage trends that we're seeing because there was a discrepancy between those 2 because some of the investments that we were making. If you look at what's happening with SWB per patient day, it's starting to come back in line with where we're seeing the other sort of the base wage inflation.
SWB as a percentage of revenue actually came down about [60] basis points during the quarter. It came down to 6.3% from 7.5%, and that, of course, continues the decline from the prior year. But you can see that's coming more in line with what you're seeing from a base wage perspective as well. And then on a same facility basis, it decreased by 60 basis points.

Brian Gil Tanquilut

Chris, I guess my second question. As I think about your plan to open about 1,000 beds next year and 1,000 beds in '25. Are you seeing any changes in terms of the construction costs or the speed to start as we see just the macro stuff when construction kind of having an impact on maybe commercial construction as it relates to you guys as well?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. No, thank you. That's a fair question. And I think we've done a really good job overall working through this. I mean we saw a spike in construction costs earlier last year. And it's something that we're constantly having to work through. I think this is one where, particularly with joint venture partners, it's helpful having a partner in the local market.
So I think we've got a number of strategies in place that we even talked about at our Investor Day with some of the prefabricated construction, some of the things that we're trying to do to get ahead of supply chain constraints for materials that are more difficult to procure. So I would say that overall, we've gotten increasingly better at managing it. It's certainly better than it was a year ago but we're continuing to work through it consistently and our continuous -- continue to be very optimistic with all of the continued growth into 2024 that we have -- that I talked about in my prepared remarks, both on the JV side as well as the de novo side for all of our business lines.

Operator

And our next question will come from John Ransom with Raymond James.

John Wilson Ransom

Just thinking about next year, I know you're not giving guidance, but how should we think about corporate overhead next year over this year, kind of a full year comparison? And also -- do you have a crystal ball on labor inflation? Do you think it's hit a plateau? Or do you think there's some room for it on a patient-day basis to continue to decelerate?

Heather Dixon

John, it's Heather. I'll take that. And I do not have a crystal ball. I wish I did. I can tell you -- so just to go back on a couple of things that we said, we are really pleased with what we're seeing happening from quarter-to-quarter and that continued steady decline in the base wage rates. And then also the base wage rates coming in line with what we're seeing on an SWB per patient day. So those coming in line together and as we start to lap some higher rates in the prior years, we feel good about where we are.
I mean, we continue to think that we'll see declines and we'll see some improvement until we get to a more normalized rate of inflation, I think our question is, what's the normalized rate of inflation? That inflation is going to continue to move with overall inflation. And the thing that we feel good about, John, is that we can anticipate. The rate improvements will also typically follow that. So we feel like all of those things are going to move in tandem, and we've seen our ability to grow rates at a stronger pace than what we're seeing in our labor inflation so that we can continue to sort of build some operating leverage there.
Kind of coming back to your corporate cost question, what I can tell you is that we're seeing those corporate costs level off. As you know, they sort of built in the prior year and sort of throughout earlier portions of this year but we are seeing those come down slightly. And we're seeing those start to build leverage as a percentage of revenue. I would anticipate that leverage certainly to continue in 2024. It's a little early for us to have sort of a good guide for 2024, for the full year, as you mentioned. But I can tell you that we certainly expect to see that continue in light of leverage that will come there.
As you know, we made some significant investments in the corporate costs in the past 12 months, and we're seeing those pay off. And we're seeing those pay off in really good ways throughout the business, but also we're seeing corporate costs level off.

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. And John, this is Chris. I would just add that I think there is direct correlation between the investments that we've made and the performance of the business, whether it's on the marketing side and the record admissions that we're seeing, whether it's the quality investments that we've made that have consistently shown improved quality, even investments in our managed care team and others. So I think this is one where we obviously continue to be very focused on corporate costs and getting operating leverage into Heather's point, that we've seen a sequential decline quarter-over-quarter since the beginning of the year and expect that to continue.

John Wilson Ransom

And just a quick follow-up. The project to digitize your medical records, where does that stand? And are you seeing any payoff from some of the early efforts there?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. No, thanks for the question on that, John. I think overall, we feel great about the continued progress that we're seeing. There are several elements of the IT investment. So one is the remote monitoring technology that we think has -- we've put that in nearly all of our acute facilities year-to-date. So we're in 45 facilities and we've seen really promising initial improvements in patient incidents there, and we expect that to continue.
On the EMR front, we have implemented an EMR now and we're expecting to end the year at about half of our acute facilities and continuing to now deploy -- look at our specialty facilities as well and CTC as well from that standpoint. I think the benefits just show up in a number of different ways. I mean, we've gotten really strong praise from our surveyors who have come into these most recent JVs that we've opened that speak to the strength of the EMR that we have in place and the patient monitoring and how unique and differentiated they see relative to the other surveys that we're doing, we hear that consistently.
Again, I think the material improvements that we continue to see on the quality front and only a short period of time also speaks to the benefit we're seeing with patient safety and compliance, which we think is really important. I would say staff engagement, we've seen better employee engagement at facilities that have an EMR relative to those that don't. It's easier to recruit clinicians that have been trained on EMRs that don't want to work in a paper environment, which is consistently the norm in behavioral health. And it helps us on the retention front as well.
And then obviously, we're beginning to see the benefits that you would expect just an improved back office functionality, reduce paper and efficiencies there that we think will continue to be much more pronounced in the coming months and we're tracking all of that and expect to be in a position to share probably more detail on that. It will take a little bit more time later next year, certainly by our Investor Day.

Operator

And our next question will come from Sarah James with Cantor Fitzgerald.

Sarah Elizabeth James

I wanted to go back to your comments on the redetermination impact being modest because it seems a little bit of a contrast to what the payers are saying, which is they're getting like 20% to 25% returning to insurance with a 60- to 90-day gap in care. So I'm wondering if you were -- if your patients being returned to some form of insurance, like a geographic mix and given your exposure in Florida or if you're actually able to take an active role and help them resubmit for coverage and close that gap in care?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. No, thank you for the question, Sarah. I mean it's difficult to know the comparison with respect to others in their geographies. But again, as I started, we have extensively prepared for redetermination, particularly with our CTC business, where it's most pronounced. And I just think we've been able to do an excellent job of proactively working with these patients. I mean we put kiosks in place in the individual facilities.
We've had QR codes up in place to tell them that redetermination is coming. Many of them come into our clinics on a daily basis with a letter where they've been -- they've lost their Medicaid coverage and they're looking for help. We have a dedicated support line that helps people sometimes will have -- many in our facilities I've seen will sit down with the patient that's lost coverage and take them through actually reapplying in person.
Other times, it takes a little bit longer, but we've had a high success rate of being able to assist our patients particularly our CTC patients but also our other lines of business to retain their coverage. And I think in the -- there are many instances as well where we're able to help them get retro coverage where they've lost coverage for a period of time as well. So I would say a very high majority of our patients who have lost coverage have been able to favorably resolved within 30 days. And we just continue to have a really strong track record and continue to expect that to be the case into 2024 as well.

Sarah Elizabeth James

That's great. And then on the opioid settlement money, you've previously talked about views of it coming down to the county level in '24 and '25. Can you give us an idea of time line once it gets to the county level, how long does it take to get through a grant process? And when could we actually see that having an impact on build-out decisions?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. It's a very fair question and one that we would love to have a more detailed answer to. Every state, as you would expect, is a little bit different. So while there have been $50 billion in opioid settlement dollars in total, only about $3 billion have been distributed to the states. And then once it gets to the states, only a small portion is beginning to trickle down to the individual counties. So we're doing everything that we can to partner with these individual counties with communities to help showcase some of the things that we've seen, some of the strategies to specifically deal with opioid addiction.
We partnered with the University of North Carolina to do an independent study on that, that is available for every single county across the country. And we've been able to help show outcomes with respect to harm reduction, treatment efforts that are in place, all the many things that we've done. We have such strong quality metrics that have been recognized by CARF, which is the accrediting body for the CTC that we were able to also talk about and share. But overall, we're doing our best to partner with these counties when they're ready.
I just think realistically, they're putting together task force at the county level. They're trying to determine what services they want if it's a rural county do they want access to mobile vans. Do they want to expand pure recovery specialist programs. Do they want housing support? Do they want to just emphasize the distribution of naloxone. I mean it just -- it can really vary county by county. But I think we're there and ready to be a good partner, and we have built a very strong team that is laser-focused on grants and responding to grants that I think we continue to have significant confidence that as these dollars do begin to flow into '24 and certainly into '25, where we probably think that there will be a greater prevalence of that funding that we're very well positioned to capitalize on it and to assist these states.

Operator

And our next question will come from Gary Taylor with Cowen.

Gary Paul Taylor

Just a couple of questions. Chris, I just wanted to confirm, I think the latest number we've seen for new bed adds next year is 1,150 and given your commentary about all the development. I just wanted to get a sense of was that just illustrative in confirming all the stuff that's coming in for '24? Or is there a reason to think the bed growth could be even higher than that number you showed us before? And then related to that, just Heather, I know last quarter, you talked about generally $15 million to $20 million a year of preopening costs that burden the P&L, but with bed growth maybe going up 70% or so next year, should we think about a commensurate sort of increase in that preopening burden?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. Thanks, Gary. Why don't I go ahead and start. So just as you're probably referencing the slide that we felt like it was a very important one to lay out at Investor Day that showed the 1,150 bed additions in '24 and '25. And so just I discussed earlier that 3 hospitals that we'll be building in 2024. We've got 6 facilities coming online. So those 3 JV partners, the Henry Ford, the Intermountain and the other JV partner that we haven't disclosed. We expect those to contribute about 440 beds.
We also have several de novo hospitals in reference to one in Agave Ridge in Arizona, Madison, Wisconsin and then this one in Tampa. So we're expecting those to contribute about 400 beds. And then obviously, we have discussed in the past the bed addition to the expansions to existing facilities, which have been in the 300 range. So that gets you right to the 1,150. I would say that we are very actively looking at whether we can even expand beyond the 300.
I think that is one of the most effective and highest returns in terms of capital deployment because we do own those facilities, we can control the construction process a little bit more. And we've historically focused on around 300 a year, but we think that can be higher in the coming years and so that's something that we're spending time on as well. But hopefully, that helps break that down.
And Heather, do you want to take the other question?

Heather Dixon

Sure. Gary, I'll speak a little bit about the start-up costs. At the end of Q3, we were trending at around $16 million, which includes the ramp of the 2 JVs that Chris mentioned. And as we expect to open 2 more de novos by the end of the year, that sort of pace will continue. We'll see a similar level of about $6.5 million is what we think we're going to continue to see in Q4, and that's consistent with Q3.
So that number of how we trend has already ramped up a little bit in the back half of 2023. We would expect that, that pace would continue for 2024. So maybe to more directly answer your question, Gary, we think it will be relatively consistent with where we are currently, as we have already started to ramp some of that construction and bed openings, but it won't be the same as what we started the year with last year. It's a little higher for '24 and '23 and it's consistent with where we are right now from going rate.

Operator

And our last question will come from Pito Chickering with Deutsche Bank.

Philip Chickering

Two quick questions here. One more follow-up on Medicaid redeterminations. As you look at your DSOs pick up slightly sequentially as redetermination has a bigger impact. Can you just say the process for how you learn if a (inaudible) patient has been redetermined? I believe you build CVC weekly. So I assume that you know within 1 or 2 weeks that there's -- if that person's has been redetermined, there's minimal risk of billing revenues that you can't collect?

Christopher Howal Hunter

Yes. Thank you, Pito. I would say it continues to really vary state by state. So there are some states that have proactively worked with us, and we'll actually in the beginning of the period where they're moving various patients and citizens off Medicaid, they will share with us proactively when that's going to happen and who is on the roles. And that enables us to cross-reference against our patients and to be much more proactive in reaching out. Other times, that process doesn't happen in our patients even though we have been proactively talking to them about this for some time, will come into us with a hard copy letter that they've received where they've lost their coverage, and we have to work with them.
So we've done everything we can to point out the states that have been particularly transparent and shared with others, how that really is in the patient's best interest, but it really varies state by state.

Philip Chickering

Okay. Fair enough. And then a quick modeling question. If you look at OpEx in the fourth quarter and take out -- sorry, OpEx for the third quarter and take out $5.3 million for professional fees per patient day. Can we assume a similar number for that for fourth quarter, just adjusting for the professional liability?

Heather Dixon

I think that's right. Our other operating expenses have been pretty consistent, right around 13% of revenue. If you take out the impact of the $5.3 million reserve adjustment, we are at 13.2% for Q3. So we're right in line with Q3 prior year, which is 13.3%. And then sequentially, Q2 of 2023 was 13.1%. So to answer your question, yes, you can expect that we'll come right back in line.

Operator

And this concludes our question-and-answer session. I'd like to turn the conference back over to Chris Hunter for any closing remarks.

Christopher Howal Hunter

Thank you. So before we end the call, I just want to again thank our committed facility leaders, clinicians and approximately 23,000 dedicated employees across the country, who just continued to work tirelessly to meet the needs of patients in a safe and effective manner. We have such a strong foundation and a proven strategy for driving growth and delivering greater value to both the patients we serve and our shareholders.
We greatly thank you all for being with us this morning and for your interest in Acadia. And if you all have additional questions today, please don't hesitate to contact us directly. Have a great day.

Operator

The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect your lines.