Q3 2023 PJT Partners Inc Earnings Call
Participants
Helen Therese Meates; CFO; PJT Partners Inc.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman; Founding Partner, Chairman & CEO; PJT Partners Inc.
Sharon Pearson; MD & Head of Investor & External Relations; PJT Partners Inc.
Brendan James O'Brien; Research Analyst; Wolfe Research, LLC
Brennan Hawken
Devin Patrick Ryan; MD, Director of Financial Technology Research & Equity Research Analyst; JMP Securities LLC, Research Division
James Edwin Yaro; Research Analyst; Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., Research Division
Presentation
Operator
Good day, and welcome to the PJT Partners Third Quarter 2023 Earnings Call. Today's conference is being recorded.
At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Sharon Pearson, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead, ma'am.
Sharon Pearson
Thanks very much, Todd. Good morning, and welcome to the PJT Partners Third Quarter 2023 Earnings Conference Call. I'm Sharon Pearson, Head of Investor Relations at PJT Partners. And joining me today are Paul Taubman, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer; and Helen Meates, our Chief Financial Officer.
Before I turn the call over to Paul, I want to point out that during the course of this conference call, we may make a number of forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, and there are important factors that could cause actual outcomes to differ materially from those indicated in these statements. We believe that these factors are described in the Risk Factors section contained in PJT Partners' 2022 Form 10-K, which is available on our website at pjtpartners.com. I want to remind you that the company assumes no duty to update any forward-looking statements and that the presentation we make today contains non-GAAP financial measures, which we believe are meaningful in evaluating the company's performance.
For detailed disclosures on these non-GAAP metrics and the GAAP reconciliations, you should refer to the financial data contained within the press release we issued this morning, also available on our website.
And with that, I'll turn the call over to Paul.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Thank you, Sharon, and thank you all for joining us this morning. Before we turn our attention to our financial results, please allow me to make a few comments.
This month, the world has witnessed barbaric, unspeakable acts perpetrated by a terrorist organization against civilians in Israel. We express our outrage against such acts, and we add our voice calling for the immediate release of those held hostage. We see the extraordinary suffering of innocent civilians in Israel and Gaza, and we are heartbroken. In an effort to do our part, PJT is committing funds to aid humanitarian relief efforts in Israel and Gaza.
Now turning to our results. We continue to operate in a difficult environment as higher rates, tighter monetary conditions, increased economic uncertainty and a fraught geopolitical landscape all weigh on markets globally. These pressures continue to dampen capital formation and global M&A activity, with equity issuance levels and current M&A volumes down to levels comparable to a decade or so ago. In contrast, this year, the number of U.S. bankruptcy filings is tracking to levels not previously reached in more than a decade. Against this backdrop, our unique combination of businesses and collaborative team approach delivered superior outcomes for clients and outperformance for our firm.
Our 9-month revenues grew 11% year-over-year with a record $825 million in revenues. After Helen takes you through our financial results, I will review our performance by business, provide more detail on our recruiting efforts and update our full year outlook. Helen?
Helen Therese Meates
Thank you, Paul. Good morning. Beginning with revenues. Total revenues for the third quarter were $278 million, up 5% year-over-year. A significant increase in restructuring revenues more than offset continued weakness in PJT Park Hill and lower revenues in Strategic Advisory compared to year ago levels. Total revenues that met the criteria to be pulled forward in the third quarter were approximately $5 million compared with approximately $3 million in the same period last year.
For the 9 months ended September 30, total revenues were $825 million, as Paul mentioned, a record first 9 months and an increase of 11% year-over-year. A significant increase in restructuring revenues more than offset a significant decline in PJT Park Hill and a modest decline in Strategic Advisory compared to year ago levels.
Turning to expenses. Consistent with prior quarters, we've presented the expenses with certain non-GAAP adjustments, which are more fully described in our 8-K. First, adjusted compensation expense. We have continued to accrue adjusted compensation expense at 69.5% of revenues for the first 9 months of the year. This ratio represents our current expectation for the full year 2023.
Turning to adjusted noncompensation expense. Total adjusted noncompensation expense was $41 million for the third quarter, up $4 million year-over-year and $122 million for the 9 months, up $13 million year-over-year. As a percentage of revenues, adjusted noncompensation expense was 14.8% for both the third quarter and 9-month periods. Adjusted noncompensation expense grew 12% in the first 9 months of the year compared to the same period last year, and we expect the full year growth rate to be in line with that 9-month growth rate with full year increases driven by higher professional fees, higher occupancy costs as well as increased travel and entertainment expense.
We reported adjusted pretax income of $44 million for the third quarter and $130 million for the first 9 months. Our adjusted pretax margin was 15.7% for both the third quarter and 9-month periods. This compares to 20.3% and 21.4% for the 3- and 9-month periods last year.
The provision for taxes, as with prior quarters, we've presented our results as if all partnership units had been converted to shares and that all of our income was taxed at a corporate tax rate. Our effective tax rate for the first 9 months of 2023 was 26.7%, and we expect this to be our effective tax rate for the full year.
Earnings per share; our adjusted if-converted earnings were $0.78 for the third quarter and $2.30 per share for the first 9 months. On the share count for the quarter, our weighted average share count was 41.4 million shares. Including the exchange of partnership units for cash, our repurchases in the first 9 months totaled approximately 2 million shares, slightly higher than year ago levels.
On the balance sheet, we ended the quarter with $355 million in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments and $370 million in net working capital, and we have no funded debt outstanding.
Finally, the Board has approved a dividend of $0.25 per share. The dividend will be paid on December 20, 2023 to Class A common shareholders of record as of December 6.
I'll turn it back to Paul.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Thank you, Helen. Beginning with restructuring. We're experiencing a wave of opportunity not seen in more than a decade as many companies grapple with an increasing array of challenges; pressured business models, overleveraged balance sheets, unfavorable credit markets and higher financing costs. We continue to believe that this balance sheet repair cycle will persist for an extended period of time as the pressure on business models becomes more broad-based and more companies are impacted by higher interest rates and more restrictive credit conditions.
Consistent with this commentary, our world-class restructuring business continued its strong momentum and leadership position with revenues for the 3 months and 9-month periods up substantially compared to year ago levels.
Turning to PJT Park Hill. The fundraising environment for alternative investments remains extremely challenging, with the hangover from record 2021 fundraising continuing to constrain investor appetite for new commitments. Subdued IPO and M&A activity has further weighed on new fundraising activity due to the anemic pace of capital return. As a result, many new fundraises are being scaled down and taking considerably longer to complete. Against this backdrop, our 3- and 9-month revenues in PJT Park Hill were down significantly year-on-year.
Turning to Strategic Advisory. Notwithstanding the recent spate of M&A activity, 2023 is shaping up to be the lowest level of deal-making in nearly a decade. And when measured as a percentage of global GDP and global market capitalization, M&A activity is at unprecedented low levels. Our Strategic Advisory business is not immune to the slowdown with revenues down for both the 3- and 9-month periods. However, our business continues to perform well on a relative basis with revenue declines meaningfully less than declines in overall M&A activity.
While it is always careless to call the bottom of any market, we have the utmost confidence that market conditions will improve and that global M&A volumes will, in time, return to levels more in line with historical relationships to global GDP and global market capitalization.
Our focus remains on ensuring that we are well positioned for the inevitable market recovery. To that end, we remain actively engaged with clients on a broad array of strategic topics. Our pipeline of mandates has steadily grown throughout the year and is meaningfully stronger today than it was at the beginning of the year.
Turning to talent. We continue to expand our capabilities through the addition of high-quality talent. We previously communicated that this would be our most consequential hiring year ever as the subdued M&A marketplace presents us with a unique opportunity to accelerate the pace of senior hiring. Year-to-date, we have hired 17 partners and MDs, strengthening our market position across many industry verticals, including consumer, health care, industrials, infrastructure and technology. We expect these elevated recruiting levels to continue into 2024.
We remain steadfast in our focus on long-term shareholder value and view this recruiting momentum as an important driver of value creation. While we expect substantial returns from these recruiting efforts over the intermediate to long term, these investments will pressure margins in the near term.
As we look ahead, we expect our full year revenues to be the highest in our firm's history, notwithstanding extraordinarily volatile markets and significant macro headwinds. We remain confident that the businesses we continue to build and integrate position us to weather this challenging environment and to thrive as market conditions improve. Our balanced set of businesses enables us to provide clients with differentiated advice and reward shareholders with differentiated performance.
And with that, we will now take your questions.
Question and Answer Session
Operator
(Operator Instructions) Our first question will come from Devin Ryan with JMP Securities.
Devin Patrick Ryan
I want to start on the restructuring business strength. Clearly, you're seeing a nice contribution year-to-date. And I think your restructuring results are kind of hitting earlier than some of your peers where we're tracking growing mandates, but they've yet to see much uplift there so far. So just want to get a sense of whether you feel like that's mix. I understand you have a leading business here, but just kind of why it's coming in earlier.
And then Paul, it does sound like you're still pretty bullish on the potential for this business and could remain structurally higher. So I'm just trying to think about whether that could actually mean growth for PJT from what are good levels or if we're just kind of in a higher baseline right now and that just continues.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Well, there's no doubt we're in a higher for longer restructuring cycle. And we've talked about this for some period of time. I think there are many businesses that were substantially weakened as a result of COVID. There was an environment where companies that were overleveraged had extraordinarily benign access to capital, exceedingly low interest rates. None of those sort of life rafts are available today. And as we look at the dialogues that we're having and the mandates that we're winning, we have conviction that this balance sheet repair cycle is going to have legs.
Now like any cycle, it has ebbs and flows. So every day is not just simply a pickup in activity, but we do believe taking a step back that these elevated levels should continue for some period of time as access to capital becomes more difficult, as companies need to deal with near-term maturities and as what we believe will be an economic slowdown continues to affect business models and business performance. So that's kind of where we see the world.
Devin Patrick Ryan
Okay. Great color. And then just a follow-up here, I guess, on just expense ratio. So revenues were up 11% year-to-date, comp expense is up about 20% year-to-date. I know it's not quite this scientific, but I don't know if it's possible just to break down on comps specifically. Just how much of that growth is a function of just amortization from prior year versus all the recruiting in the most consequential year of hiring that's going to be this year versus just how much is just inflation and competitive dynamics? Just trying to think about that relationship.
Helen Therese Meates
Look, I think there's a number of -- there are a number of components to the comp ratio Devin, as you mentioned. But we sort of begin with what our outlook is for revenues, and one significant factor is the senior-level hiring that we're doing that we've talked about. So that will obviously impact it. We also think about comp discipline around the existing population, the competitive backdrop. And then as you mentioned, there is amortization from prior year's comps that will be flowing through as well. So all those factors are taken into account when we determine what our best guesstimate for the ratio is.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
I think, Devin, if you just look back over the last 3 years, we have a demonstrably stronger firm today than what we presented 3 years ago. We have meaningfully grown the headcount, but we're operating in market environments for 2 of our 3 businesses that are extraordinarily subdued relative to 3 years ago. So when you step back and you look at the significant investment, the strengthening of the franchise and the very significant reduction in available wallet in 2 of our 3 businesses, it's not a surprise that the comp ratio has moved higher.
Operator
Our next question will come from James Yaro with Goldman Sachs.
James Edwin Yaro
Paul, maybe we could just start with the macro backdrop and how this is impacting your business. We obviously have more geopolitical uncertainty as you alluded to, higher rates and obviously a coming U.S. election. So maybe you could just talk about what that means for the M&A inflection and perhaps the cadence or time line for which -- or over which we see return to normalized levels of M&A.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Look, we came into this year, James, with perhaps the most sober assessment of the M&A marketplace, and we assume that this would be another down year in the market. I think notwithstanding that, it was probably damper, it was lower levels, it was more difficult to affect transactions and even we on the more bearish side had expected to see. And when you deconstruct it, it's many factors all moving to the negative direction. It's volatility and difficulty in agreeing on price. It's constrained financing in terms of the quantum of committed financing available. It's cost of financing, which makes it harder for buyers and sellers to agree. It's a very strong antitrust policy and enforcement from the administration, which whether they prevail or not has a chilling effect on a number of deals because companies are not willing to subject themselves to that uncertainty. It's this continued drumbeat of whether or not we're going to head into a recession. It's a difficulty controlling costs.
On every dimension, it has been more difficult to get transactions done. But what has been different in this cycle is companies' desire to move forward with their strategic agendas remains essentially undeterred. And that's sort of the betwixt and between where as difficult as it is to get transactions done, companies' desires to manage their portfolio, to gain core competencies, to benefit from scale economies and like that, that has remained unchallenged.
And then if you add to that, the difficult fundraising environment and alternatives and a little bit of indigestion from all of the capital that was put out in 2021, sponsors have been meaningfully less active in the marketplace. I think the number of portfolio companies that would like to be IPO-ed is building, so you have an awfully large backlog, and it's unclear how many of those companies will ultimately get liquidity events in the relative near term. And I think that also in the ecosystem has an effect on how aggressive private equity firms are in putting capital out. And if there is less confidence that there's a private equity bid for businesses, companies are perhaps more reluctant to initiate a sales process.
So all of this feeds on itself. But as I said, inevitably, markets adjust. And I think we're in the adjustment phase on many of these factors. And I think we're a lot closer to getting out of the tunnel, but it's been a long, dark tunnel.
James Edwin Yaro
Okay. That's a really helpful perspective, Paul. And just as a follow-up, just on the hiring, you've obviously had tremendous success so far with that this year. Maybe you can just speak to whether you see the same opportunities for hiring today versus, let's say, the beginning of this year and what you -- what your expectations are for hiring into 2024?
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
I think we've talked consistently about 2 impediments to us attracting all of the talent in the previous few years. One was the anomalies of COVID, just being in a remote environment, not being able to create those personal connections. That was a unique period of time and that significantly constrained hiring, and we're well past that, thankfully.
And the second is that in 2021, that headwind was linked to extraordinary melt-up in M&A activity, and therefore, the friction cost for senior practitioners to leave firms and take long periods of time on gardening leave, those friction costs were extraordinarily high. And those 2 together had a chilling effect on our ability to recruit.
And what we now have is probably the best environment we've seen in a long time because the fundamental attractiveness of our firm continues to build. I think the level of dissatisfaction at many of the big banks continues to remain. People who have come to our firm have thrived and appreciate the unique culture and the way in which we can all come together to serve clients. That's better understood by those who are considering joining our firm. We're able to create those personal connections because we're all back in the office. And the friction costs in the current environment are as low as they've been arguably forever because of the low levels of M&A activity.
So we don't have quotas. Every addition to the firm is individual by individual. It's all from the bottom up. It's not from the top down. But without those macro impediments, the attractiveness of our firm as a destination for talent is better shining through. And I certainly expect that momentum to continue in the fourth quarter into 2024. And at some point, we'll get back to a more normal cadence.
Operator
Our next question comes from Steven Chubak with Wolfe Research.
Brendan James O'Brien
This is Brendan O'Brien filling in for Steven. I guess to start, results were a bit stronger than maybe your commentary last quarter suggested. And based on the prepared remarks, it seems like that might have largely been on the restructuring side of the business. So I just wanted to get a sense as to whether this was simply a function of timing, meaning that deals that you expected to close in 4Q, you closed a bit earlier or whether there's some meaningful pickup in underlying activity that you weren't expecting? And if it was more timing related, should we be expecting to see that seasonal uplift in 4Q that you typically have?
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Well, I think we -- I think our full year commentary is modestly more upbeat than it was a quarter ago. So that suggests that it's not timing per se, but just some additional strength in the firm. It's always hard to predict exactly how all of these mandates and all of these opportunities translate into revenues. But I would simply say that as we've been in the field, competing for business and doing the business, and just seeing the macro environment and the opportunities presented to ourselves, I think our outlook for this year is marginally improved relative to a quarter ago.
I don't believe it's a step function improved, but it is marginally improved. A lot of that is restructuring, but it's not exclusively restructuring.
Brendan James O'Brien
Got it. That's helpful color. And I guess for my follow-up, I know you touched on this a bit, but we have seen a number of large strategic transactions announced over the past few months, which, along with the positive news on the antitrust front, such as the approval of Activision-Microsoft suggests that the environment is relatively more favorable for large strategic transactions. But at the same time, some of the commentary from the large public all suggest that activity at sponsors is likely to remain subdued in the near to intermediate term.
Could you compare the dialogues that you're having with sponsors and strategics at the moment? And do you feel like the gap higher in long-end rates as maybe or could serve as further [accelerant], I guess, for sponsor activity?
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
I'm sorry, just repeat that last sentence. I didn't hear...
Brendan James O'Brien
The gap higher in long-end rates and the potential impact on sponsor activity.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Look, I think -- look, it is clearly -- it's a mixed bag. I can sit here and I could paint a picture and talk about green shoots and all the reasons to be optimistic. I could also talk about the reasons why that may not come to fruition. I think the reality is we're dealing with a very challenging environment to get transactions done. Let's just take antitrust. I think while there have been some well-publicized victories, the fact remains that this administration is still committed to active enforcement. And as a result, it puts businesses at risk because of the extended periods of time between signing and closing.
And in a volatile macroeconomic backdrop, putting companies and targets in the crosshairs for a longer period of time when they're not integrated and they're not yet acquired, and they're just sort of sitting out there, that adds risk and that makes it more difficult for companies to get comfortable. So the mere fact that there is uncertainty, the mere fact that there is longer periods of time between signing and closing, the fact that there are more regulatory jurisdictions around the globe with many different agendas and opportunities for interveners were to get caught up in a broader geopolitical test of wills, that just weighs on transactions.
That doesn't mean that it precludes all transactions. It just means that the margin, some transactions that would otherwise be presented to the market as agreed deals, never see the light of day. I think there's no doubt that private equity firms are looking to create more monetization events with portfolio companies. The IPO markets hopefully open up a bit. One of the challenges will be just the sheer number of companies that would like to access the IPO market. That's why you're seeing greater interest and execution with fund continuation vehicles and the like as you look for ways to create more liquidity for companies.
Committed financing continues to be challenging for very large transactions, but you're then seeing the growth in pools of private capital and direct lenders and more creative deal-making. So we're adjusting to this environment. But what gives me the most confidence is the simple fact that no matter how difficult it is to get deals done, companies desires to try and figure out a way to present deals and to move forward. And the fact that we have an ever-growing backlog of strategic initiatives that have not yet been able to be acted upon, I think is an accelerant. And as soon as some of these conditions and some of these clouds start to lift, you could see a very strong movement activity to the upside.
So we're controlling what we control, which is making sure we have the right team on the field, making sure we have the right culture to get our team aligned with clients, making sure we have the right priorities and trying to secure as many high-quality mandates as possible. So even if we don't have as much as we'd like to present to our investors on a quarterly basis, we're at least positioning ourselves for the inevitable turn and what it does, hopefully, that will be reflected in stronger results.
Operator
Our next question will come from Brennan Hawken with UBS.
Brennan Hawken
I wanted to start, Paul, with your expectation for the recruiting to continue to pressure margins. When you say that, is that incremental pressure versus what you have been generating more recently? Or is that more saying that the pressure that you've seen recently will continue? Just trying to understand the implication there.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Well, I think I wouldn't be telling you anything you weren't already aware of by saying that the current margins are lower than what they've been historically. And we would like to get back to where the margins were historically. But as long as we're dealing with a subdued environment and elevated recruiting, our ability to get back to those margins will be pressured.
Brennan Hawken
Okay. Okay. I understood that. I was just trying to get a little texture on whether or not you're talking about incremental. I guess, I'm left to assume it would be a little incremental. So...
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
I'm sorry, just to be clear, we need to get through this year and see where we land for the full year. But my hope would be that from there, we would begin to get those margins higher over time and get them back to where they have been historically. That's the objective. So there's no confusion.
Brennan Hawken
Okay. And then clear strength in restructuring, really good to see. It's really kind of interesting because we've heard other firms' remark on growth sort of starting to level out. So it sounds like you're not seeing that. Curious, number one, is that still sponsor-owned, debtor side driven? And given the fact that you're expecting the highest revenue in the firm's history, how does the restructuring revenue year-to-date compare to 2020? And what kind of order of magnitude do you think we could see as far as record revenue go? Any additional color there would be great.
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Well, sure. Just to take the last thing. I mean, all I'm comfortable saying at this point, we still have a lot of the fourth quarter to come and I really don't want to get overly precise on what our fourth quarter estimates are because it's very difficult to sort of predict a quarter. We're much more comfortable in thinking about years. And I think at this point in the year, I am comfortable saying that this will be our highest revenue year ever and the prior peak was 2020. But beyond that, I don't have any additional color to give on that.
And I think that just reflects -- if you tie it back to earlier comments we had made, it's a slight or a modest improvement in our full year prognosis. And I think a lot of that is restructuring. It's not exclusively restructuring. I think our restructuring business, I would characterize that the early wave was probably more liability management and proactive managing of debt stacks, which is unrelated to bankruptcy filings. We're now starting to see, as this difficult credit environment and business pressure continues to carry on, that it affects more corporates, and those companies are increasingly working to proactively manage their debt stacks and some of them may have no choice but to make use of the courts to resolve some of their overleveraged situation.
So I think it's a mix of business. It's a mix of business between debtors and creditors. It's a mix of business geographically. We continue to work to increase our presence outside the United States, in Europe and in Asia. We continue to work in court, out of court, and I'm quite pleased with just the breadth and depth of our business and the more that we can link that to our Strategic Advisory team and their relationships and their industry expertise and their access, the hope is that we can continue to push forward with this business.
Now where does it go quarter-to-quarter? I'm not able to predict that. But if you ask me, is this going to at all resemble 2021, where we had this burst of activity and then it dried up, I think this feels very different than that, that this is a balance sheet repair cycle where it's wave after wave that still need to be dealt with. And we don't see easy money coming back anytime soon.
Brennan Hawken
Yes. That's very clear and helpful texture. Just -- I don't know if it's possible to compare the restructuring strength order of magnitude to 2020, which I believe was your prior record. Are you exceeding that? And to what degree?
Paul Jeffrey Taubman
Well, I -- let us produce full year results and then we can compare year-on-year when we actually have 2022 -- 2023 done and dusted, we can perhaps look back and see what's better, what's different than our prior peak. But give us the benefit of getting through the year.
All right. I was just going to thank everyone for joining us today, and we appreciate your interest. We appreciate your support, and we look forward to communicating our full year results early in 2024. Thank you very much.
Helen Therese Meates
Thank you.
Operator
And this does conclude today's call. You may now disconnect.
