Q4 2023 Hilltop Holdings Inc Earnings Call

Participants

Jeremy Ford; President, Chief Executive Officer, Director; Hilltop Holdings Inc

William Furr; Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer; Hilltop Holdings Inc

Presentation

Operator

Welcome to the Hilltop Holdings fourth-quarter 2023 earnings call and webcast. (Operator Instructions) This call is being recorded on Friday, January 26, 2024.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Erik Yohe, Executive Vice President at Hilltop Holdings. Please go ahead.

Thank you, Mark, and good morning. Before we get started, please note that certain statements during today's presentation that are not statements of historical fact, including statements concerning such items as our outlook, business strategy, future plans, financial condition, credit risk and trends in credit, allowance for credit losses, liquidity and sources of funding, the impact and potential impacts of inflation, stock repurchases and dividends, and impacts of interest rate changes, as well as such other items referenced in the preface of our presentation, are forward-looking statements. These statements are based on management's current expectations concerning future events that, by their nature, are subject to risks and uncertainties.
Our actual results, capital, liquidity, and financial condition may differ materially from these statements due to a variety of factors, including the precautionary statements referenced in our presentation and those included in our most recent annual and quarterly reports filed with the SEC. Please note that the information presented is preliminary and based upon data available at this time. Except to the extent required by law, we expressly disclaim any obligation to update earlier statements as a result of new information.
Additionally, this presentation includes certain non-GAAP measures, including tangible common equity and tangible book value per share. A reconciliation of these measures to the nearest GAAP measure can be found in the appendix to this presentation, which is posted on our website at ir.hilltop-holdings.com.
With that, I would now like to turn the presentation over to President and CEO, Jeremy Ford.

Jeremy Ford

Thank you, Erik, and good morning. Before we go through our fourth-quarter results, I'd like to take a moment to reflect on 2023 and outline our priorities for the upcoming year. Despite Hilltop's profitability for the year being hampered by a historically challenging mortgage market, the outstanding performance of our employees combined with our diversified business model allowed the company to improve across a variety of areas.
In 2023, we grew our earnings per share, dividends per share, and book value per share while also strengthening our liquidity and funding position. Additionally, we enhanced our future earnings potential by improving our cost structure and taking advantage of hiring opportunities given dislocation across the financial services industry.
From a balances standpoint, we generated average loan growth of 1% despite muted customer demand, the decline in deposit funding, and tightening of credit standards. This growth is a testament to our long-term relationship banking approach and our ability to identify and capitalize on viable lending opportunities as competitors with strained balance sheets have pulled back.
Conversely, our average deposit balances experienced a 7% decline. This trend was initially spurred by the bank failures that occurred in the first half of the year and was further exacerbated by the intense competition around deposits that persisted throughout the remainder of the year. Our conservative approach to growth allowed us to withstand the decline in deposits without having to significantly rely on expensive wholesale funding options, which resulted in improved net interest income year over year.
From an expense standpoint, our strategic focus on managing fixed costs, particularly in our mortgage operations, along with an enterprise-wide lens on cost management, resulted in a meaningful reduction in non-interest expenses year over year. From a credit standpoint, this year, we proactively increased our allowance for loan losses to reflect broader industry challenges and credit migration in certain portfolios, particularly CRE office. Our ongoing monitoring in this area remains a priority.
As we enter 2024, our primary focus of the bank remains on prudent risk management and maintaining strong capital and liquidity in order to navigate the fluctuating economic landscape and take advantage of organic and inorganic growth opportunities. Concurrently, we are committed to steering our mortgage business in a trajectory towards profitability, recognizing the mortgage cycle has endured for longer than anticipated.
Additionally, we are strategically positioning our business at HilltopSecurities to capitalize on growth opportunities and adapt to a potentially lower rate environment anticipated in the latter half of the year. Moving to the fourth quarter.
Hilltop reported net income of $29 million or $0.44 per diluted share. Return on average assets for the period was 75 basis points, and return on average equity was 5.5%.
During the quarter, PlainsCapital Bank generated $48 million of pre-tax income on [$13.3 billion] of assets, representing a return on average assets of 1.1%. Average loans at the bank declined slightly from the third quarter as normal seasonality occurred in national warehouse lending and balances in our single-family residential portfolio declined.
The pipeline for CRE lending remains challenged, and we expect that to continue into the new year as clients hold off on projects due to elevated rates and higher equity requirements. Our average balances -- our average deposit balance of $11.1 billion declined 1% during the period, primarily due to management of excess liquidity and the ability to run off more expensive brokered deposits.
In the quarter, we returned $200 million of sweep deposits back to HilltopSecurities and had $200 million of brokered deposits run-off. In the fourth quarter, the bank did experience some negative migration and asset quality, primarily from a single credit. Non-performing loans increased 0.8% as a result of a $33 million Texas hotel loan being placed on non-accrual. Overall, asset quality continues to be stable outside of this one notable credit as criticized loans were flat and net charge-offs were less than #1 million in the quarter.
Moving to PrimeLending, the fourth quarter of 2023 was significantly impacted by continued low inventory seasonality, escalating home prices and notably higher interest rates, which collectively resulted in the lowest affordability for home buyers in over two decades and a stark year over year decrease in refinance activity in response to these ongoing challenges. Prime lending continued to take proactive measures to streamline its operations and lower fixed and variable expenses. These measures include reducing non-sales headcount and underperforming loan originators as well as closing unprofitable locations. As a result, prime lending's pretax loss for the fourth quarter of 2023 Shape strength relative to the prior year period. Despite the exceptionally tough business environment prime lending maintained its industry-leading customer satisfaction rating and continue to be recognized as one of the top places to work. These achievements speak volumes about our team's resilience and commitment.
Looking forward, we believe the measures already taken to reduce our cost base, combined with improved pricing, utilization of technology to reduce head count dependency and our success in hiring skilled loan originators from peers with less stability, PLACE prime lending and a strong position for the eventual recovery of the housing and mortgage market.
In the fourth quarter, Hilltop Securities realized pretax income of 20 million on net revenues of 120 million, marking a 12% increase over the prior year. This growth was driven mainly by the mortgage trading business and suite products within Wealth Management.
Speaking to the business lines at HilltopSecurities, public finance services experienced a 5% decrease in net revenues compared to a strong fourth quarter last year in a simple advisory fee revenues decline while underwriting revenues increased slightly. Revenues from the public finance book products also improved due to increased fees on our cash pool products. We remain optimistic about our public finance business, particularly with the anticipated need for increased infrastructure spending and our recent opportunistic hiring from large banks and have decided to exit the municipal business. Our structured finance net revenues experienced a significant rise, mainly due to our mortgage related businesses. While this business remains volatile, our dominant position in the taxable housing space and successful activity in key markets like Florida contributed meaningfully in the fourth quarter.
In Wealth Management, net revenues improved modestly compared to last year's fourth quarter. The Federal Reserve rate hikes positively impacted our FDIC. sweep revenues. We continue to focus on recruiting quality advisors and enhancing our product offerings in both the firm and independent brokerage channel.
Finally, for HilltopSecurities, our fixed income business, while facing some challenges showed resilience, and we're enthusiastic about the growth prospects of the overall group as rates stabilize and our new small business loan effort takes off as we move into 2024. Our goal is to further enhance our sales distribution capabilities while upholding our strong culture and risk management practices.
Moving to page 4, Hilltop maintains robust capital levels with a common equity Tier one capital ratio of 19.3%, and our tangible book value per share increase from year-end 2022 by $1.17 to $28.35 over the past five years. Our tangible book value per share has compounded at 10% annual annually, while our dividend per share has compounded at 19% annually.
Before I pass the presentation over to Will to discuss our financial results, I'd like to take a moment to discuss some important changes happening as of May that we disclosed in the fourth quarter. Jerry Schaffner, the President and CEO of PlainsCapital Bank, will be retiring on May first. Barry has been a cornerstone of our success since Plains Capital's founding in 1988, and his retirement marks the end of an era. His leadership and dedication over a stellar 42 year career have been nothing short of transformative. I'd like to thank him for his incredible contributions to our company. You are a great partner and a dear friend in line with this transition, and I'm honored to take on the role of CEO at PlainsCapital Bank. In addition to my current responsibilities at Hilltop, this step is part of a carefully crafted succession plan, ensuring continuity and stability for our organization. Further this step is made possible due to the existing depth and strength of our bank leadership team. Notably in the fourth quarter, Brian Heflin was promoted to President of PlainsCapital Bank and Pete Miller real was promoted to Chief Operating Officer of PlainsCapital Bank. Our experience and proven leadership are invaluable assets to our bank. We are excited about this new chapter and the opportunities it brings for the solid team in place. We are poised for continued growth and success, and we remain committed to our mission of serving our customers, employees, communities and shareholders with unwavering dedication and a long-term focus.
Thank you. And now I will turn it over to Will to discuss our financial results in more detail.

William Furr

Thank you, Jeremy. I'll start on Page 5. As Jeremy discussed, for the fourth quarter of 2023, Hilltop reported consolidated income attributable to common stockholders of 29 million, equating to $0.44 per diluted share this quarter's results highlight the benefits of our diversified model as HilltopSecurities generated 14 million of sweep revenue, which is represented within their wealth management business line and structured finance posted a solid revenue contribution in the period. Somewhat offsetting these positive activities during the fourth quarter, PrimeLending and the broader mortgage industry continue to struggle as overall market inventory remains very low, pressuring both origination volumes and margins in the business for the bank remained stable as known pressures persist. It's been somewhat mitigated by lower than expected credit cost and a modest decline in noninterest expense quarter over quarter.
Turning to Page 6. For the full year of 2023, Hilltop reported consolidated income attributable to common stockholders of 110 million, equating to $1.69 per diluted share, while net income declined 3% versus the prior year. Overall diluted EPS did improve by 5%, driven by lower full year average shares.
Turning to page 7, Hilltop's allowance for credit losses increased during the quarter by 600,000 to $111.4 million. The macroeconomic outlook improved in the fourth quarter, which somewhat offset the impacts of collective portfolio changes and an increase in specific reserves. Allowance for credit losses of 111 million, yields an ACL to total loans HFI ratio of 1.38% as of December 31 2023. I will address additional credit trends later in this presentation. As we've seen over time, a sale can be volatile as it is impacted by economic assumptions as well as changes in the mix and makeup of the credit portfolio. We continue to believe that the allowance for credit losses could be volatile and the future changes in the allowance will be driven by net loan growth in the portfolio, credit migration trends and changes to the macroeconomic outlook over time. Given the current uncertainties regarding inflation, interest rates, GDP growth and unemployment, we expect volatility in the ACL could be heightened over the coming quarters.
Turning to page 8, as provided in previous quarters.
This slide highlights our CRE portfolio and the allowance distribution across some of the key loan segments. At December 31st, the CRE portfolio totaled approximately 3.3 billion, which we segregate and the owner and non-owner occupied or investor real estate internally, we view owner-occupied real estate more like C&I lending is for the most part repayment is driven by the operating business that owns the real estate non-owner occupied. Real estate makes up 57% of the CRE book. And as is noted in the upper right-hand chart is diversified across multiple income-producing property types. In the bottom table, we provide a breakout of non-owner-occupied office and retail within the portfolio to highlight the differentiation in ACL coverage by loan segment type. Our view to date is that the office and retail markets across our footprint represent the highest exposure to both recession absorption and valuation risk in the portfolio as you can see those loan segments maintain larger ACL coverage ratios than other non-owner occupied real estate products.
You should note during the fourth quarter the bank downgraded one large hotel credit totaling approximately 33 million of outstanding balance to non-accrual as the property's cash flows are not currently sufficient to meet the cash demands for the property. This downgrade constitute 89% of the increase in NPA during the quarter. Further, while the downgrade did not result in a significant increase or decrease to the ACL, we have requested new appraisals and we'll update the status of the status of this loan during our first quarter call. While this credit is clearly a focus for us, we're currently monitoring the entire portfolio very closely and while credit losses have not normalized to more historical levels to date, we do expect that the ongoing cash flow challenges facing existing and new projects as seen in the broader commercial real estate industry driven by higher interest rates and ongoing inflation could lead to further credit migration over time.
Turning to page 9, net interest income in the fourth quarter equated to $111 million, including 1.2 million of purchase accounting accretion versus the prior year fourth quarter. Net interest income decreased by 12 million or 10%, driven primarily by higher yields on deposits as we expected, net interest margin declined versus the third quarter of 2023, falling by six basis points. So 296 basis points. Our current outlook reflects a scenario whereby Fed funds remain stable for the majority of 2024, with only one rate reduction contemplated in the fourth quarter. Additional rate decreases will pressure net interest income downward.
Turning to page 10, we have more discussion topics related to ENI. In the upper left table, we provide detail on our latest sensitivity analysis for ENI related to parallel and instantaneous shocks in interest rates. As noted in the chart, Hilltop remains approximately 6% asset-sensitive in the down 100 scenario over the past few years, we've reduced our asset sensitivity by approximately 50% from 12% to 6% going forward, most significant drivers of NII stability will be driven by our ability to manage the down rate deposit betas, which we are currently modeling at 50% and deposit mix shifts noninterest-bearing into interest-bearing deposit products, which we expect will continue through the first half of the year to help mitigate some exposure to falling rates. We have begun investing approximately 50% of the cash flows from our securities portfolio into securities that we believe maintain a better prepayment exposure. In addition, we are beginning to retain additional hybrid our mortgage loans on the balance sheet. These loans will generally maintain shorter shorter fixed rate periods, including three and five years following retention can be volatile on a monthly basis, we expect to retain on average 10 million per month throughout 2024. But that said, given our expectation that deposit rates remain elevated and deposit competition will remain intense. We do expect that NII will be down versus 2023 3% to 7% in 2024.
Turning to Page 11. In the chart, we highlight the approximately $7.6 billion of available liquidity sources at the Hilltop maintained as of December 31st. While we consider the Federal Reserve's discount window to be a source of liquidity. We do not plan to leverage that program under our internal liquidity modeling efforts and as such is noted below our other collateralized borrowing sources. Further comparable liquidity sources as of December 31st, 2022, equated to just over 7 billion and increased steadily throughout the prior quarters of the year. As shown in the chart at December 31st, Hilltop maintained 1.6 billion of excess reserves at the Federal Reserve. Additionally, in the bottom left chart, we provide detail on the pace of the deposit beta changes to date, noting that our current through the cycle beta for interest-bearing deposits is 65%. Currently expect that our through the cycle interest-bearing deposit betas will be within the range of 60% to 70%, likely drifting marginally higher over the coming two quarters.
Turning to page 12, fourth quarter average total deposits are approximately 11.1 billion remaining largely stable versus the third quarter of 2023. On an ending down ounce basis, deposits decreased by 40 million from the prior quarter from a growth in bank client deposits was offset by the client and broker dealer sweep and brokered deposits held at PlainsCapital. During the quarter, the bank returned to $100 million of sweep deposits and 200 million of brokered deposits in an effort to reduce overall excess cash levels at the Federal Reserve over the coming year. We expect that excess deposits at our reserve will decline to between 307 hundred and 50 million as a result of our ongoing pricing efforts, interest bearing deposit costs rose to 340 basis points an increase of 17 basis points from the prior quarter. It is our expectation that interest bearing deposit costs will continue to move higher in the first group two quarters of 2024 and then stabilize until the federal reserve changes the Fed funds target as it relates to deposit balances and cost, we remain focused on balancing our competitive position with our long-term customer relationships while we continue to prudently manage net interest income over time. However, the current environment remains very challenging. And as noted earlier, we expect that the intensity of competition for deposits will remain resulting in lower overall balances and continued pressure on yields over the coming quarters.
I'm turning to Page 13. Total noninterest income for the fourth quarter of 2023 equated to 179 million fourth quarter mortgage-related income and fees decreased by 2 million versus the fourth quarter of 2022, driven by the ongoing challenges in mortgage banking for by the combination of higher interest rates, home price inflation, limited housing supply and ongoing overcapacity in terms of mortgage originators across the U.S. has driven volumes and margins materially lower further versus the prior year.
Fourth quarter purchased mortgage volumes decreased by $198 million or 10%, and refinanced volumes increased substantially from prior year levels to 1.2 billion. Lock volumes were substantially impacted by certain states, providing additional state funding to support their state housing authorities and down-payment assistance program. As we've noted in the past, it's important to recognize that both the fixed income services and structured finance businesses at HilltopSecurities can be volatile from period to period as they are impacted by interest rates, overall market liquidity and production trends.
Turning to Page 14. Non-interest expenses decreased from the same period in the prior year by 2.6 million to 251 million. Driving the modest reduction versus the prior year were fixed in how fixed expense reductions at PrimeLending as they've continued to focus on the work of resizing our mortgage operations to support the current environment. These reductions were somewhat offset by growth in software and computing expenses and higher FDIC assessment fees. Looking forward, we expect expenses other than variable compensation to remain relatively stable between 185 and $190 million per quarter as the ongoing focused efforts related to streamlining our operations and improving productivity continue to support lower headcount and improved throughput across our franchise, helping offset the ongoing inflationary pressures that persist in the market.
Moving to page 15, fourth quarter average HFI loans equated to 7.9 billion on a period-ending basis, HFI loans declined versus the third quarter of 2023 by 124 million, driven by declines in mortgage warehouse lending of $81 million and the declines in the one to four-family mortgage portfolio, which equated to 23 million. We expected loan growth will remain challenged in 2024 has one to four-family retention levels are expected to remain modest, and commercial lending activity continued to remain highly competitive with the pace of new transactions remaining slower than in prior years. Currently, we are expecting full-year average bank loan growth of 0% to 2% during 2024, excluding mortgage warehouse lending and any retained mortgages from prime lending.
Turning to page 16, credit losses have remained steady as net charge-offs for the fourth quarter equated to $674,000 for the full year of 2023 net charge-offs equated to 2.4 million or three basis points of ending HFI loans. Further, the graph in the upper right highlights the NPA levels increased by approximately $37 million during the fourth quarter, largely driven by the hotel credit that I reviewed earlier in my comments. Despite the increase in NPAs or criticized loan levels as a percentage of bank loans were relatively stable versus the third quarter of 2023. We are monitoring our loans and borrowers closely as higher interest rates, potentially lower utilization rates in certain segments of commercial real estate and an expected slowdown in economic activity could have a negative impact on our clients and our portfolio, as shown on the graph, the bottom right of the page, the allowance for credit loss coverage at the bank ended the year at 1.44%, including mortgage warehouse lending.
Moving to Page 17. As we move into 2024, there continues to be a lot of uncertainty in the market regarding interest rates, inflation and the overall health of the economy. That said, we have provided our current outlook metrics for the coming year. As we've noted in the past, we are pleased with the work that our team has delivered to position our company for times like these and our teammates across our franchise remain focused on delivering great customer service to our clients, attracting new customers to our franchise, supporting the communities where we serve, maintaining a moderate risk profile and delivering long-term stockholder value.
Current outlook for 2024 reflects our current assessment of the economy and markets where we participate further as the market changes and we adjust our business to respond, we will provide updates to our outlook on our future quarterly calls. Operator, that concludes our prepared comments. We'll turn the call back to you for the Q&A section of the call.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

Thank you. (Operator Instructions) Thomas Wendell, Stephens Inc.

Good mornign, everyone. It looks like you're still targeting some asset sensitivity reduction. Can you give us an idea on the goals there? How close to neutral? Are you guys trying to move and

William Furr

I think over the next of this will over the next this year, we'd like to move that to closer to closer to 3%.

Perfect. Thank you. And then just moving over to mortgage, I'm a bit surprised to see the gain on sale margins decrease in 4Q. Can you give us any color there?

William Furr

What we've seen again, as I noted in my comments is that customers have a propensity at this point to want to buy down, buy down the rate. So we're seeing more and more customers paying higher origination fees and other fees versus necessarily it rolling through our gain on sale. Overall, total revenue after the loan remains reasonably stable, but the mix mix between those two continues to continues to shift towards origination fees versus versus gain on sale?
As I noted, we do expect gain on sale will rebound slowly over time, but tough. But again, it's we expect that to occur slowly throughout 24 and into 25.

Thank you. And if I can just sneak one more in, can you just idea of the impact increased levels of rate cuts could have on mortgage in 24th, you guys have one cut kind of factored into your modeling. Can you just idea of how a couple of additional cuts might impact mortgage

William Furr

So I think our view is rates lower wouldn't necessarily be positive. But again, given where the overall mortgage industry is as it relates to customer mortgage loan rates, we believe that a large percentage of customers have got mortgages that currently yield a rate below 6%. And given that it will take us what we believe to be a substantial number of cuts to really project forward a substantial return to the refinance business. That said, we believe lower rates would help necessarily drive some of the purchase business. I would say our view is the largest constraint in the mortgage business right now, certainly that we see is overall inventory levels and the availability of housing across across the markets where we participate. And so while rates are important and certainly affordability matters, the overall availability of homes and again, those inventory levels we would view is the largest constraint.

That was great color. I appreciate it. Guys and for answering my questions. Thank you.

Operator

Thank you. Tim Mitchell, Raymond James.

Hey, guys. Good morning.

William Furr

Morning.

Wondering So let's start on the hotel credit that moved to nonperforming this quarter on. Could you just give some more color on what happened that property and then are you looking to move it out of the bank or what potential loss content could be in there?

William Furr

Paul, I'll try to address those in reverse order from a large content perspective, as I noted in my comments, we've we've requested two additional new appraisals. We'll evaluate those when that when that information becomes available. But we believe the current quarter's results for the current year results reflect the loss content currently currently in that loan. The short the short story is the cash flows and the pro formas that we've evaluated. We've been evaluating really more our mortgage business very closely through our overall hotel portfolio. I should say closely since COVID, some of the cash flows simply have, I haven't come back for this particular property as quickly and as robustly as we would have would have expected as the operator would have expected. And as a result, the cash flow challenges, we feel like it was prudent and appropriate to move to nonaccrual in this period.

Perfect. Thanks for the color on the net interest margin and net interest margin on kind of took a step down this quarter, when do you think that could trough and inflect on 24 almond? And how might rate cuts play into that?

William Furr

Yes. So we would expect net interest margin to trend modestly lower from current levels?
I'll give you give you the reported statistics. So you know, for the quarter we ended at 96 for December. However, we were at 2.92%. So that gives you some sense that there's there's headwinds, some headwinds kind of right here in the immediate future. That said, we expect it would trough in the second quarter. And again, depending on where the Fed moves and how quickly they move could start to move higher as soon as the third, third and fourth quarter, again, we would expect it to trough in the second quarter.

Awesome. Thank you, Amin. And just one last one for me. You guys bought back about $5 million of stock this quarter and we announced new program, the 75 million is do you think of 4Q levels as kind of a good run rate through 24 or how you're thinking about bye-bye?

Jeremy Ford

Yes, I think that we have a 75 million share repurchase authorization that we just put in place. So I kind of look at that as the target for this year, but we're going to be evaluating as we do every quarter and where our stock's trading.

Okay. Thank you. I express my thanks for taking my questions, guys.

Operator

Thank you. And currently, there are no further questions on the line. So at that point, we'll conclude today's call. Thank you all very much for attending.
This now concludes the conference. You may now disconnect.