Q4 2023 Victory Capital Holdings Inc Earnings Call

Participants

Etienne Ricard; Analyst; BMO Capital Markets

Alexander Blostein; Analyst; Goldman Sachs & Co.

Adam Beatty; Analyst; UBS Investment Bank

Kenneth S. Lee; Analyst; RBC Capital Markets

Michael Cyprys; Analyst; Morgan Stanley & Co LLC

Matthew Howlett; Analyst; B. Riley Securities, Inc.

Presentation

Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, this is the operator. Today’s conference is scheduled to begin momentarily. Until that time, your lines again will be placed on a music holds. Thank you for your patience.
Good morning, and welcome to the Victory Capital Fourth Quarter 2023 earnings conference call. All callers are in a listen only mode. Following the Company's prepared remarks, there will be a question and answer session. I will now turn the call over to Mr. Matthew Dennis, Chief of Staff and Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead, Mr. Dennis.
Thank you.

Before I turn the call over to David Brown.
I would like to remind you that during today's conference call we may make a number of forward-looking statements. Please note that Victory Capital's actual results may differ materially from these statements. Please refer to our SEC filings for a list of some of the risk factors that may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed on today's call. Victory Capital assumes no duty and does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statements.
And our press release that was issued after the market closed yesterday disclosed both GAAP and non-GAAP financial results. We believe the non-GAAP measures enhance the understanding of our business and our performance. Reconciliations between these non-GAAP measures and the most comparable GAAP measures are included in tables that can be found in our earnings press release and in the slide presentation accompanying this call, both of which are available on the Investor Relations portion of our website at ir.BCM. dot com.
It is now my pleasure to turn the call over to David Brown, Chairman and CEO. David?

Thanks, Matt. Good morning and welcome to Victory Capital's Fourth Quarter 2023 earnings conference call. I'm joined today by Michael TeleCorp of our President, Chief Financial and Administrative Officer, as well as Matt Dennis, our Chief of Staff and Director of Investor Relations. I will start today by providing an overview of the fourth quarter and full year. After that, I will turn the call over to Mike to review the financial results in detail following our prepared remarks. Mike, Matt and I we'll be available to take your questions.
Quarterly business overview begins on slide 5. I'm pleased to report that we ended 2023. On a high note, during the year's final quarter, we achieved the best level of gross sales as well as net long-term flows in more than a year. This helped us end 2023 with $166.6 billion in assets under management, providing a strong jump-off point for 2024 with interest rates appear to have plateaued.
The general sales environment is starting to feel a bit more constructive from an activity standpoint. However, the general sentiment of most clients is still cautious this cautious approach and the ability to earn a substantial yield in cash and cash equivalent type investments has continued to produce record levels of investor assets in the cash asset class that said, longer-term, we are very optimistic about the prospect for assets coming out of cash and entering into more risk-based asset classes.
But the specific timing of those assets moving is uncertain, our fee rate rose to 52.1-basis points in the quarter. This was slightly higher than the average rate realized in the prior quarter, which helped produce a very solid revenue number for the quarter. GAAP operating income and adjusted EBITDA both grew in the fourth quarter from third quarter levels.
Our margins were strong for the quarter and for the full year. For the quarter, adjusted EBITDA margin expanded to 52.3%, and for the full year, it grew to 50.9% compared with 49.6% in 2022. The consistency of our margins quarter-to-quarter year-to-year and during one of the tougher cycles for our industry validates the strength and resiliency of our business platform and our team's ability to execute shifting to capital.
We returned more capital to shareholders during 2023 than in any other year in our history and at the same time, we accumulated additional excess cash in our balance sheet to enhance our future financial flexibility.
We also continued to invest in our organic growth. Specifically, we invested in product development through the launch of new products in 2023 and preparations to launch additional new products in 2024. Additionally, we invested in our technology and data platforms as well as expanding our digital marketing capabilities for key distribution channels, and we continue to hire in numerous areas of our business.
Turning to slide 7, our investment performance remains strong with 70% of our AUM in mutual funds or ETFs earning overall four or five star ratings. This is broadly diversified spanning across 42 different products compared against benchmarks or one year performance at the end of December dipped slightly from above 70% at the end of November. Importantly, over the three and year periods, 62% and 84% of our total AUM has outperformed their respective benchmarks.
And perhaps more importantly, over the trailing three year period, 44% of our AUM in mutual funds and ETFs was ranked in the top quartile of the industry by Morningstar. Drilling down further into performance, 95% of fund AUM managed by our Victory income investors franchise held 4 or 5 star Morningstar rankings as of December 31.
This is encouraging as we anticipate, investors will be pivoting their portfolios into longer duration fixed income products as the outlook for interest rates changes. Moreover, products such as our Victory RS global fund, our SGGX., it remains five-star overall rated. And through year end, this fund ranked in the top decile over the one, three and five year periods. And even more impressively for the 10-year period, it was ranked in the first percentile.
On slide 8, you can see our capital allocation strategy. We continue to favor strategically investing for the growth, given we believe this is how we will create the greatest amount of shareholder value over the long term. We remain flexible and opportunistic in our approach. During the fourth quarter, we repurchased more shares in the open market than in any other quarter. Following the third quarter, we focused on accumulating cash. We further increased cash on hand during the fourth quarter as well to ensure that we have financial flexibility in the future to execute on our strategy.
For 2023, we returned a record amount of capital to shareholders and at the same time were able to strengthen the balance sheet. Our return of capital was made up of $158 million in share repurchases and $85 million in the form of cash dividends. Taken together, this $243 million of capital returned to 2023 exceeded the prior year by 21%.
In December, the Board approved a new $100 million share repurchase program, allowing us to remain flexible. And yesterday we announced a 5% increase in our quarterly cash dividend. Meaningful progress continues to be made with our M&A diligence initiatives.
2024 looks like it is setting up to be a year where we potentially could execute a strategic transaction. Although I have nothing specific to report today, I can say that I am extremely optimistic about our ability to execute. We look forward to updating you on our progress here as we move through our process.
Turning to slide 9, here's an update on the ownership of our private equity shareholders. Since commencing share sales in late 2021, $33.4 million shares have been sold or distributed through today. This is noteworthy in that it represents more than 50% of our current outstanding shares and 77% of our current public float. As a result, the liquidity and trading volume have improved in our shares, and there has been sufficient market demand for our shares to absorb this significant shift to a much higher proportion of public ownership.
At year end, our employees and Directors held almost 20% of the diluted equity in our firm, reinforcing our unique ownership culture. This ownership is extremely broad throughout the firm with approximately 86% of our employees owning the VCTR. staff.
Just as important as the VCT our stock ownership is for our culture is the personal investments of our employees and our own Victory products. At 12 31, 2023, our employees have invested over $200 million in Victory products, all by choice side-by-side with our clients. Taken together at year end, our 481 employees had approximately $600 million of skin in the game between ownership of the VCTR. stock and our Victory products. This is particularly noteworthy considering there was no employee equity ownership in our company prior to the management buyout in 2013. Crestview Partners is now the sole remaining private equity shareholder with a current position of $11.6 million shares, representing approximately 18% of the outstanding shares.
With that, I will turn the call over to Mike to go through the quarter's financial results in greater detail.
Mike?

Thanks, Dave, and good morning, everyone. Financial results review begins on Slide 11. AUM grew to $166.6 billion at the end of the year. This was up 9% from the beginning of the year, and it was also a 9% increase from $153.5 billion at the end of the third quarter.
The point-to-point increase in AUM was driven by market strength primarily in November and December. Average AUM, which is how our fees are primarily determined, declined quarter-over-quarter. This was partially offset by the better average fee rate and resulted in revenue for the quarter of $205.8 million compared with $209.7 million in the third quarter.
For the full year revenue was $821 million. Adjusted EBITDA was $107.6 million in the fourth quarter, marking the highest quarterly level of the year. Margins expanded by 120-basis points in the quarter, reaching 52.3%. And for the full year, adjusted EBITDA margin was 50.9%. Up 130-basis points from 49.6% for 2022.
Fourth quarter GAAP net income rose to $55 million or $0.82 per diluted share, up from $52 million for $0.77 per diluted share in the third quarter. And a and I would tax benefit was $1.15 per diluted share. We ended the quarter with $124 million in cash, which was up from $108 million in cash at the end of September and $85 million higher than at the start of the year.
In the fourth quarter, we made the final earnout payment of $36.4 million for the USA asset management acquisition, fulfilling our full obligation and removing that liability from our balance sheet. As previously discussed in our last call, we monetized our interest rate swap, locking in our gain on that instrument, which will be realized in the form of lower interest expense through the end of the original term.
In July of 2026, we returned $80 million in capital to shareholders in the quarter. For the full year, we returned $243 million in capital to shareholders, while at the same time improving our net leverage ratio to 2.0 times at year end. The 5% increase in our quarterly dividend to $0.335 announced yesterday will be payable on March 25 to shareholders of record on March 11.
Turning to slide 12, our AUM remains very balanced from a distribution channel perspective, with the percentage mix being very consistent over short and longer periods of time.
Slide 13 illustrates how net long-term flows steadily improved in the second half of the year. Investor activity was well diversified with our institutional channel, generating positive net flows in the fourth quarter. So you can see from the chart that we also gained some traction in gross sales in the fourth quarter and achieved our highest level of gross sales in more than a year. Additionally, with redemptions holding steady, this resulted in our best quarter of long-term net flows in more than a year.
Looking to 2024, we are confident that our investments made to enhance organic growth have us well positioned to benefit when the macro environment gets more constructive for risk assets.
As Dave highlighted, we are very competitive investment performance and a number of our investment franchises were flow positive for the quarter and for the year. That list includes West and advisors are s global balanced investments and new energy capital.
To drill down on West End a bit more in 2023, we increased the number of financial advisors allocating assets to their strategies by 35%. This fortifies our already strong foundation of advisors who tend to increase their clients' allocations to Western products over time. We're also casting a wider net with the addition of West End Products to seven new platforms. Since then position
Revenues are highlighted on Slide 14. Firm-wide average fee rate remained steady throughout 2023, covering around 52-basis points, which is within our expected range. Most of the movement associated with our firm-wide fee rate is attributable to shifts in asset class vehicle and distribution channel mix.
Slide 15 illustrates how our operating expenses calibrate with revenue and earnings variability. This is a key feature of our platform that results and our consistently strong margins.
Cash compensation expenses were down slightly in line with lower revenue quarter-over-quarter and represented 22.8% of revenue. Additionally, we experienced lower non-personnel operating expenses compared with the third quarter.
Distribution and other asset-based expenses declined $1.7 million in line with lower average AUM for the quarter. Certain non-cash expenses such as depreciation and amortization, declined from Q3 and the change in value of contingent consideration realized in the quarter declined compared with the prior quarter.
Our depreciation and amortization declined $4.3 million from the third quarter. This was due to higher than normal amortization in the prior period related to the previously disclosed divestment and consolidation of our core franchise in the third quarter. These declines were partially offset by higher general and administrative expenses in the quarter, which was driven by $2.4 million of one-time costs associated with the monetization of the interest rate swap and slightly higher marketing and promotional expenses.
On slide 16, we cover our non-GAAP metrics. Adjusted net income was $67.4 million. Adjusted EBITDA was $107.6 million and was the highest level of the year. For the full year period, adjusted EBITDA was $418 million and adjusted EBITDA margin for the year was 50.9%. Although the margins are in excess of our long-term guidance. We are not changing our current guidance of 49%. We think it is prudent to stay at this level to maintain the flexibility to invest in our platform Moreover, as we have stated in the past, the margins will fluctuate quarter to quarter based on the timing and nature of investment.
Finally, turning to slide 17, while we did not pay down any debt in 2023. Our net leverage ratio improved by nearly half a turn during the year, reflecting cash accumulation and higher run-rate EBITDA. Our net debt to leverage ratio at year end was 2.0 times compared with the 2.4 times at the beginning of the year. Our $100 million revolver remains undrawn and GAAP operating cash flow was $97 million in the fourth quarter and $330 million for the year.
That concludes our prepared remarks. I will now turn it back over to the operator for questions.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

Thank you. If you would like to ask a question, please press star followed by the number one on your telephone keypad. And if you'd like to withdraw that question again, press star one.
Your first question comes from the line of Ken Worthington from JPMorgan. Please go ahead.

Hi, good morning that, Mike, this is Michael Cho I'm in for Ken today. Thanks for taking my questions here on my first one is just on the sales and flows environment that you called out. You sounded fairly upbeat in terms of improving gross sales and inflows in 4Q, and you also called out institutional the institutional channel as well as my question is no one has that kind of momentum and client discussions continued year-to-date 2024 and to like we can see it in there in the aggregate numbers.
But from your perspective, what where are you seeing the most improvement relative to, let's say, prior quarters?

Good morning. As you stated, our fourth quarter, definitely we saw a pickup. If you look at our gross sales, you look at our net sales, I definitely have improved and has consistently improved. In my prepared remarks I made mention of the environment is getting a little bit better.
Yes, I think until rates. There's a clear vision of where when rates are going to come down or when they're going to stabilize, I don't think we're going to see material movements as far as the first quarter of 2024, we have seen some reallocations to the positive, and we've seen some clients pull back as well.
So nothing materially has changed in the first quarter from the fourth quarter for when we look out in 2024 and going into 2025, we're quite optimistic about assets coming into asset classes where we have exposure and we think there's a lot of money sitting in cash as everybody knows.
And at some point when rates come down, some of those assets are going to move and they're going to move into asset classes where we have really competitive investment performance and really good distribution. So quarter to quarter, it's going to be hard to predict. But when we look in years when we think about 2024 and we think about 2025, we're quite optimistic.

Thank you for that. And just a follow up, I just wanted to touch on organic investments that you discussed as well. I mean, clearly, 2023 was a year of organic investment as usual, and we called out some more headwinds and 2024. So I'm just kind of curious, just given the dynamic environment that that, you know, we just talk to like what where are you focused on in terms of organic investment initiatives for the year ahead.

So a number of areas we're reinvesting and I'd start off in distribution and partnering with our distribution partners and different channels. So a big push to build the distribution pipes, if you will, to be available when significant assets are moving. So we spend a lot of time and invested dollars into those areas. Data analytics and technology is another area that we've focused on.
And then the third area is our direct business. And we've launched the brokerage platform and we continue to invest there and we're consistently investing. We've consistently invested through this cycle. We haven't invested anymore and we haven't invested really any less one of the benefits of our platform. And the way we're set up is that we have not had to pull back.
We have not had to make cuts. In fact, we probably reinvested in our platform in 2023 more than we have in the history of our organization. And so I think that's one of the real benefits that we have on the platform that we have and still maintaining the margins that we have come in fact, this quarter, as we all know, we posted in excess of 50% operating margins.

Great. Thank you.

Operator

Craig Siegenthaler, Bank of America.

Good morning, Dave. Mike, hope everyone's doing well and we wanted to continue with the organic investment question. And I believe you launched some CIT.s in the quarter. So we are curious which strategies did you put in these wrappers, which client verticals are targeting with the CIT.? And are you expecting some rotation out of the mutual fund wrapper in the identical strategy?

We've made investments in products and product launches. We have launched a few ETFs and then we have a few on the docket for 2024. A good example of what we've done is we've launched V flow, which is an ETF that focuses on free cash flow. We've also launched MODL., which is a version of our West and advisors franchise. And so when we think about going forward, we are thinking about launching, as you said, CIT.s and also ETS. we have we're well experienced in the ETF side, and we think that's an area where we can launch product and be pretty effective.
And then specifically on the CITM., we are targeting really retirement and institutional clients there. So a collective fund that our institutional clients can go into and then also some of our retirement clients can go into some of the CIT.s as well.

Thanks, Dave, for my follow-up. We wanted to dig a little deeper into your M&A commentary. And I think you said you're evaluating numerous acquisition opportunities, something that affect. So it sounded a little more bullish than prior calls. So and maybe you could update us on size ranges and a capability objective and I'm guessing that you're going to trying to avoid product redundancy. So you're generally focused on strategics consolidation?

Yes, we're quite optimistic that 2024 is going to be a year where we can execute a transaction. And I used the term in my prepared remarks, strategic, and that would refer to something of size. And as far as product capabilities, redundancy consolidation. I won't comment on any of that, but I will say that we're quite optimistic that 2024 is going to be a year where we can execute. We think the environment is a lot more friendly to doing acquisitions. We've got a really, really strong track record of the acquisitions we've done and how successful they've been. And we think 2024 is going to be a year where we can continue that on nothing to report today, but we're making significant progress and we're bullish about it.

Thank you, Dave.

Operator

Etienne Ricard, BMO Capital Markets

Etienne Ricard

Thank you and good morning. To follow up on the topic of acquisitions for what asset classes do you see the best opportunities.
In other words, and there's lots of discussion about an eventual improvement in fixed income. Net flows is being reflected in potential transaction activity that should come across and as a follow up, do you see potential for a broader range on fixed income strategies that Victor?

So the way we look at acquisitions, we start off with a concept of that doesn't make our company better. We don't specifically target asset classes. I think acquisitions are much wider and more in-depth and more complicated than just trying to fill an asset class or product capability. And so we've never really approached it that we need a certain asset class and we do follow where our clients are going.
And you know, that's how we built our product lineup. So as far as acquisitions or as far as the acquisitions that we're looking at, I think it's a wide range of asset classes and types and then specific on response to your question on fixed income, we have a really, really strong fixed income franchise. We've referenced the performance in our prepared remarks.
You know, we feel really good about the lineup we have there is a lot of assets moving into the private side of fixed income, private credit. That is an area that we're interested in. We don't have that capability today on the opportunity for us to go and get some other fixed income capabilities on. We're evaluating whether we do that internally, whether we partner with somebody whether we acquire it.
But if you look at the lineup we have today, I think it's quite compelling. And I also think it's very well positioned to capture assets when assets come out of the cash asset class, and we're starting to see that today. We have a number of vehicles on. We have ETFs that are driven by fixed income. We have mutual funds, institutional separate accounts and all kinds of share classes. So we feel really good about what we have today.
Okay. And as a follow up on the organic side, could you please share an update on your brokerage platform almost a year following the launch and the related improvement in client engagement that you've seen cents., it's so weak as you say we created a brokerage platform off of our direct business, our direct channel and today, clients can come sign up for a brokerage account and perform basic brokerage activities, trade stocks by mutual funds and ETFs that are managed by Victory Capital. And we've seen great engagement with our clients. Our client service scores are excellent, and we're starting to see clients sign up for brokerage accounts are moved brokerage assets in there.
And so we're in the beginning phases of that. We look at that as a long term build. We look at that as offering more products to our direct clients and then also potentially marketing to new clients. We look at we look at the success of that over multiple years and the phase we're in today is really around capabilities around service, and we're doing an excellent job of both of those. And we're starting to see some assets being raised on the brokerage side, great.

Etienne Ricard

Thank you very much.

Operator

Alex Blosteinm Goldman Sachs.

Alexander Blostein

Hey, good morning, guys. Thanks for the question on. I wanted to follow up on the comments you made around Western advisors. It sounds like you've made meaningful traction on kind of getting the product in front of financial advisors. I think the stat, you cited something like up 35% in terms of the headcount. Can you help us frame the opportunity set within the sort of the addressable market that you kind of see there are so many advisors that utilize West and what's kind of the average AUM and maybe that they have cut under their umbrella and that sort of others can get to a similar level, what kind of a flow and AUM uplift could that create for Victor?
Just trying to get a little bit of a better framework to think about those things.

Good morning, Alex. So when we acquired Weston, we had gone out and said that this was going to be an opportunity for us to grow their business and really for them to plug into our distribution capabilities. And so since we've acquired them, which was really the beginning of 2022, they have been organic growth positive in every time period since inception, they were organic growth positive in 2023 and 2022.
And part of that really is, as we've stated, is expanding the number of platforms that their product is on and it's also increasing the number of advisors that are doing business with them. We've also increased their product set by launching their first DTSMODL., which has which has been successful and allows advisors to access the Western platform, not just through the model and the model on delivery account. And so that area of the market has a lot of a lot of momentum.
There are definitely there opportunities that we will grow into and will grow into a couple of different ways. Typically what happens with the West and client advisor is they will start off small and then they will eventually grow larger into the relationship.
So the West End product will capture a percentage of the advisors book. And then over time, the advisor will allocate more. So there's really an opportunity to grow the existing relationship with advisers, get new advisors and then increase the platforms. I don't have a dollar amount I can share with you on the average AUM for an advisor or what the size of the market is.
But if Western is successful the way we think they will be it will be a material part of our organic growth story. And you know the DM, if you look at our growth historically and if you look at some of the projections for that part of the market and we capture what we think would be our share, it'll have an impact on our organic growth story.

Alexander Blostein

Yes.
Look, I think sums it up.
And then for a quick follow up on the transaction and deal side of things a bit in your strategic comments, sounds like it will be on the larger side. Can you just help us remind what the leverage capacity from the balance sheet, how high you guys feel comfortable going in terms of that EBITDA?

Good morning. Yes, I think we've never really set an exact level that we would commit to. But I think we're very prudent in how we think about leverage and have been pretty fortunate in thinking about the ability to generate cash. And we've also used a bunch of different tools as we've thought about M&A, the revenue sharing component for investment professionals, earn-out components.
Clearly, we've used debt in the past as a marker for supporting that growth from an inorganic perspective, but at 2.0 times and the significant amount of cash that we do generate, we're comfortable with where we are, and we're comfortable to expand that for the right deal. And so I think if you look backwards when we did the USA transaction, we are at 2.6 times, 2.7 times. That's just the historical data point that I had throughout there. I'm not suggesting that that's a cap I'm not suggesting that that's a comfort level, but we have brought the leverage down in 2023 with the expansion of really both the earnings power as well as the cash accumulation to provide us flexibility. So I think we'll be prudent, but I think each deal is pretty specific and the facts and circumstances will kind of drive us from a structuring perspective as well as kind of thoughts on leverage.
Okay.

Alexander Blostein

Thank you.

Operator

Adam Beatty, UBS.

Adam Beatty

Thank you. And good morning. I just wanted to follow up on some of the discussion around the CIT. vehicle and maybe get some more details on your efforts in the retirement channel how dialogues are going with either plan sponsors or other intermediaries and how much growth you see there? Thank you.

Good morning. Yes, as Dave mentioned earlier, we have a pretty full suite of CIT. offerings and have actually really going back to the MBO. Systems 2013. As we've always said, we're pretty vehicle agnostic with respect to offering up our investment product to our different franchises within CIT.s are a great opportunity to penetrate the retirement platform network and have had success there really over the last several years more and more of an increasing opportunity from a vehicle perspective addition, we also see it useful in institutional mandates. Some lower end institutional clients can use CIT.s and we found that to be extremely beneficial to have that out there.
We have a number of CFCs out there across really more than a handful of our franchises and getting placed on platforms with our CIT.s, getting placed on platforms with the various mutual fund share classes that we have as well as our ETF offerings. It really provides us a tremendous opportunity across different investor bases to capture assets to capture the opportunity set from different financial advisers and retirement platforms.
So it's been a it's been a staple for us and something that we think as macro environments have changed over time will continue to be a growth engine for us moving forward, both in retirement as well as institutional and Mark

I would add, I would add two things on that.
I think one is we do have a dedicated retirement sales group and we've had that in place for years and their sole focus is getting access on platforms and then servicing the platforms in and done that sales cycle is quite long. But those are very sticky assets as those clients typically stay in your product over long periods of time. And we also view that part of the market as an area that continues to grow and it's very unpredictable. And we like that part of the market. So I think as we as we think about as Mike said, as we think about what product or what franchises we will launch in the retirement side on fuel, really, I think it's really what the client demand will be.

Adam Beatty

Got it.
Thanks, Dave.
And as we head into the first quarter, which can sometimes be seasonally positive for retirement, would you expect an uplift in flows there, and?

It's only through it's only through a month and a few days. So I'm not going to comment on what we're seeing and what we're not seeing, I would just say the retirement market is very predictable on even in times like this where most investors are sitting on the sideline in cash.

Adam Beatty

Okay. Makes sense.
Thanks very much. Appreciate it.

Operator

Kenneth Lee, RBC Capital Markets.

Kenneth S. Lee

Good morning, and thanks for taking my question. And just broadly speaking, as you look further out this year, wondering if you could just highlight any particular areas or strategies where you could see some potential organic growth opportunities or the best areas of potential organic growth opportunities out there?

So no specific, our priority order, we think the West End advisors franchise and their model delivery of business is has a lot of momentum. And so we expect that part of our business to grow from our S. Global has excellent investment performance and has made some headway in the institutional channel. That's another area at some point in 2024.
We think that on our fixed income franchise, Victory income investors will see growth given some of the macro trends with assets moving some parts of our ETF business as well. And that includes some of our fixed income ETFs we anticipate to grow. And then we have I would say a few capacity-constrained asset classes where we have great investment performance with integrity in US small-cap, our S. value in US small-cap. And we think that those will be areas that we'll see some growth as well. They generally speaking from a channel perspective, our institutional distribution channel was net flow positive in the fourth quarter. And we think that that's an area where we'll have momentum as well from a distribution perspective.

Kenneth S. Lee

Great. Very helpful there. And just one follow-up, if I may. In terms of the potential M&A discussions, you're having any color around either bid-ask spread expectations or whether you've been seeing a change in seller activations up more recently?

I think each discussion is very unique to the opportunity. That being said, I think 2024 is going to be here where we can execute and to execute, yes, to have on buyer and seller expectations be close. And I'd say that that what we're seeing from an environment perspective is they've gotten a lot closer on, you know, over the last quarter or so.

Kenneth S. Lee

Right, very helpful there. Thanks again.

Operator

Michael Cyprys, Morgan Stanley.

Michael Cyprys

Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking the question. Just wanted to start off on the ETF franchise, nearly $5 billion of assets today. Maybe you could talk about some of the steps you're taking to accelerate growth and how built out distribution and product set at this point compared to where you'd like to see that.

So we have our ETF sales force is really part of our existing retail and intermediary sales force. So our sales folks sell both mutual funds and ETFs. And we've just started to build out and to enhance that in ETFs, only sales force. So that's something that we started in 2023 and will continue to build out in 2024. And so we have all of our salespeople out in the field really have the ability to talk about ETFs and to sell ETFs. And we've launched a few new ETFs in 2023.
We have plans to launch more in 2024. I would like to have more ETFs than not. I think that a portion of the buyers on that maybe bought mutual funds before we'll look at ETFs. And that doesn't mean that there aren't a lot of buyers for mutual funds. But clearly, ETFs work well with certain types of clients in certain types of situations on, you know, we have we have had we've been in the ETF business since 2015, so we're pretty well experienced and we understand it. And under the Victory shares brand, we think we can grow that business. And so I would expect us to launch more ETFs in 2024.
I mean a number of different asset classes and a number of different solution type. So really with different types of solutions for clients.

Michael Cyprys

Great, thanks. And just a follow-up question on the direct channel. I was hoping you could update us on how much in assets and accounts you have what you saw in 2023 just in terms of flows of new account registrations. And just maybe you could talk about some of the steps you're taking in 2024 to accelerate growth and maybe just elaborate on the long-term vision you have for the direct channel.

So we don't disclose specific metrics for the direct channel as far as accounts or flows. So I won't report any of those, but I'll give you some color on how our what we saw in 2023 and going into 2024 really is building out capabilities.
So building out our product set through the launch of the brokerage platform, ensuring that our service is of the highest standard and also making sure that we work through all of the technology to make it a really good experience for clients when they sign up and our ability to service them and longer term, what our vision is to have our existing client base have a really, really good experience of a wide set of products and that go in addition to just Victory products, which is which was the thinking behind the brokerage launch.
And I think you know, as we think about longer term as well, we think we can grow that business and done and really looking at getting new clients and new assets, we do sign up a good number of new clients on the platform every day. And we have a lot of history talking to our clients and we're understanding what's important to them and addressing those issues. So as we continue to work through that I think longer term, you'll see us have that channel and it will be an area where we're doing an excellent job and it should turn into know significant or measurable growth.

Michael Cyprys

Great. Thank you.

Operator

Matthew Howlett, B. Riley.

Matthew Howlett

Okay. That's very body of. Thanks for taking my question. Just on the subject of capital returns for 2024 domestic investors get excited when they see the tour and $243 million, 21% increase last year. And with the dividend increase, you're up to a head start in 2024.
My question is on buybacks. How much would that depend on what you do? And then on M&A, the stocks could easily hit ṣa 52-week high today. I'd just love to hear what your thought is around buybacks and then with the M&A potentially occurring in 2024.

Thanks, Matt. Yes, I think we've been very clear, as we think about our capital policy and really has been unchanged, we want the flexibility to continue to execute our differentiated strategy, which really for us does include inorganic growth. And so we do look at, as you mentioned, we did increase our dividend this quarter about 5%, which we think is a strong reward for our shareholders and something that we still feel is ancillary to the overall picture from a business perspective. And really with respect to the balance between buybacks and M&A really as facts and circumstances. So we do look at it ongoing.
And I think as we've said, we were active from an M&A perspective, and we do think that's a differentiator for long-term value creation for our shareholders. And in the absence of a pending M&A or something that sits right in front of us, we have done and executed on buybacks.
So really is a balance of looking at and across kind of all those components. And you did mention we looked at in 2023, we did increase our buybacks. We're very opportunistic with respect to that in our prepared remarks, we did mention that our Board approved $100 million buyback program in December. So we are ready and do have kind of all the tools to think about both buybacks, M&A as well as kind of dividends. So we're really trying to be balanced and looking at all of that.
But it does really come with a perspective of facts and circumstances with what sits in front of us. And we feel like we've done a pretty good job of balancing all of that to really drive that shareholder return. And we'll continue to do that going forward.

And Mike, just to add to that, first and foremost, always is making sure that our balance sheet is set up to support our strategic initiatives around some acquisitions. And so ensuring that we have that is first and foremost, and I think that's the best vehicle for shareholder return over the long term. But that being said, we are absolutely committed to returning capital to shareholders through dividends and also through buybacks.
Our history shows that we've done a really good job balancing that out and so on the acquisition environment impacts it, but we have the benefit of having a great business that throws off a lot of free cash flow, and we have the benefit of having a lot of choices and be able to really to balance all of that and to do all of it. And so that's the reward for having built a sizable business that has a lot of free cash flow that we can buy back a lot of shares. We can pay dividends and we can also do strategic acquisitions.

Matthew Howlett

You have a great track record where buybacks, I'm sure you look at your multiple versus the peer group and see to see the value in buying back shares. But certainly the track record speaks to itself and congrats on both the dividend and the upsizing of the share repurchase program.
And the second question, the follow-up is just on. You always have that the four platforms are as Western they always seem to be sort of the outperformance the last two quarters. There is any secret sauce and what in the net outflow, positive outcomes of those platforms versus the other subsidiaries or it's just going to ebb and flow it just they're just they just always going to be sort of the outperformers to leaders.
Philippe,

I think there's a number of factors that that goes into it quarter-to-quarter. It's very hard to look at the flow situation quarter-to quarter. As I said earlier, Weston has a really good product set very competitive investment performance and some industry tailwinds and good distribution. So we anticipate Western will continue. Our S. global is an area where we have a long-term track record. It is starting to gain momentum on the institutional side. And it's a very competitive product.
And there's a number of other franchises that will also ebb and flow. But I think you'll see more organic growth as the environment changes. The biggest headwind for us is the macro environment where investors are sitting in cash and not allocating to risk type investments that will change we don't know when it will change. I think we're getting a lot closer to that change.
And when that change happens, I think we'll we will be in a position to capture those assets as we've built the distribution channels over a number of years, and we have really good investment performance and very competitive products.

Matthew Howlett

Great.

Operator

Thanks to that concludes our question and answer session. I will now turn the call back over to David Brown for closing remarks.

Thank you. Later this month on February 21, we will be attending the Bank of America Securities 2024 financial services conference in Miami. And on March 6, we'll be attending the RBC Capital Markets Global Financial Institutions Conference in New York. We look forward to seeing some of you at those events. Have a wonderful day and thanks for your interest in Victory Capital.

Operator

This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for your participation and you may now disconnect.