Q4 2023 Vinci Partners Investments Ltd Earnings Call

Participants

Anna Castro; Investor Relations Manager; Vinci Partners Investments Ltd

Alessandro Horta; Chief Executive Officer, Director; Vinci Partners Investments Ltd

Bruno Zaremba; Chairman of Private Equity, Investor Relations; Vinci Partners Investments Ltd

Sergio Passos; Chief Operating Officer & Chief Financial Officer; Vinci Partners Investments Ltd

William Bollingard; Analyst; Itaú BBA

Ricardo Buchpiguel; Analyst; BTG Pactual

Beatriz Abreu; Analyst; Goldman Sachs

Leandro Leite; Analyst; UBS

Guilherme Grespan; Analyst; JPMorgan

Presentation

Operator

Good afternoon, and welcome to the Vinci Partners' fourth-quarter and full-year 2023 earnings conference call. (Operator Instructions) As a reminder, this call will be recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Anna Castro, Investor Relations Manager. Please go ahead, Anna.

Anna Castro

Thank you, and good afternoon, everyone. Joining today are Alessandro Horta, Chief Executive Officer; Bruno Zaremba, Private Equity Chairman and Head of Investor Relations; and Sergio Passos, Chief Financial Officer. Earlier today, we issued a press release, slide presentation, and our financial statements for the quarter and full year, which are available on our website at ir.vincipartners.com.
I'd like to remind you that today's call may include forward-looking statements, which are uncertain and outside of the firm's control and may differ from actual results materially. We do not undertake any duty to update these statements. For discussion of some of the risks that could affect results, please see the Risk Factors section of our 20-F.
We will also refer to certain non-GAAP measures, and you'll find reconciliations in the release. Also note that nothing on this call constitutes an offer to sell or solicitation of an offer to purchase an interest in any Vinci Partners fund.
On results, Vinci generated fee-related earnings of BRL57.3 million or BRL1.07 per share, and adjusted distributable earnings of BRL63.6 million or BRL1.18 per share for the fourth quarter 2023. For full-year numbers, Vinci posted fee-related earnings of BRL208.4 million and adjusted distributable earnings of BRL245.8 million. We declare a quarterly dividend of $0.20 on the dollar per common share, payable on March 7 to shareholders as record as of February 22.
With that, I'll turn the call over to Alessandro.

Alessandro Horta

Thank you, Anna. Good afternoon, and thank you all for joining our call. We are very pleased to join you today as we announce results for the fourth-quarter and full-year 2023.
This year has truly etched its mark in the history of our company. We hosted our first Investor Day as a public company at Nasdaq headquarters. It was a fantastic opportunity to share with shareholders and investors our targets and goals for Vinci's future.
Another milestone for us was the partnership with Ares, a market leader in the alternative asset manager space worldwide. We believe this is just the beginning of a successful partnership. And I will provide some additional details in just a moment.
In my opening remarks, I would like to cover some important topics before Bruno and Sergio go over the specifics. To start, I would like to be assertive with the following message. Vinci delivered strong results, facing another year with a challenging environment worldwide.
We are reaping the benefit of a well-developed platform with several business lines built to succeed across market cycles. We posted another quarter of solid growth, with FRE and DE increasing respectively, 14% and 17% year over year on a per share basis. We ended the year with BRL69 billion of AUM, with more than BRL4 billion in capital subscriptions for our private market funds throughout the year.
Fundraising remains on a growth trend going forward. 2023 started at a slower pace. And we experienced a significant pickup towards the second half of the year, with several strategies gaining traction. Our shopping mall REIT, VISC, raised more than BRL1 billion in a three-month span, a stellar fundraise to reopen primary issuances for public REITs in the Brazilian stock market.
As I highlighted over the past earning calls, this should be an important growth driver for Vinci when facing favorable conditions. We have seven funds that can proceed with new issuances.
In infrastructure, we officially closed the mandate to manage the sustainable regional development fund or FDIRS, with initial AUM of approximately BRL1 billion. This was truly great news from our infrastructure segment, and Bruno will cover that in more detail in a moment.
Overall, we had important commitments for VICC and VCP IV throughout the second half of the year while also benefiting from market appreciation across the board. Momentum is great as we enter 2024. Now, I would like to share our main areas of focus for this year.
First, we are acutely focused on developing VRS, and we are starting to experience traction. Last week, VRS was officially presented to the general public with an article in a major newspaper in Brazil, featuring a detailed description of our product and the market opportunity ahead of us. The product is now fully accessible to the public through dedicated apps and website and prepared to accept allocations from all investors through our newly launched platform called [Miu].
Now, let me delve into a more comprehensive description of our vision for VRS. Over the past year, we launched the product to our high-net-worth investor base. And our team concentrated their efforts into beta testing and tracing what would be our next steps as we started fundraising.
During that period, we encountered several unsatisfied investors, with products that are not suitable for the long-term goals and the overall inefficiency of the incumbent banks. With that in mind, we start 2024 tackling a few fronts.
First, we will expand our capabilities to raise money with high-net-worth investors. Alongside their need to find a better fit for their retirement goals, there is also legislation approval to tax closed-end funds, which can boost this growth by redirecting part of these resources for pension products due to its tax and state planning benefits.
Second, we are aiming for corporate plans. The corporate market is a fraction of the individual market. But often, it is the first contact that investors have with pension plans. Moreover, during our research, we came across several instances that indicated the experience for corporate plans is even worse than the overall industry because the incumbent providers do not invest in this segment at all.
And third, we'll seek distribution partnerships with platforms and fintechs to enhance our penetration within retail investors. We are continuously exploring additional options, and we ensure investors stay informed as we develop them.
Our second area of focus for this year is developing our private markets fundraising pipeline. As we previously announced in our Investor Day in October, we updated our private markets fundraising target to BRL15 billion until the end of 2024.
As of the fourth quarter, we already have BRL8 billion raised, and we work to reach the target with several initiatives: first, new closings to our existing flagships that are ongoing fundraising, such as VCP IV in private equity, VICC in infrastructure, and Vinci Credit Infra in credit; second, new vintages of existing strategies which we plan to raise this year, such as SPS IV in a special situation, VRI V in our impact and return strategy, and VFDL II in real estate; and third, the follow-on offerings for our listed REITs.
As I mentioned earlier, this scale alone raised more than BRL1 billion in a three-month span. We think this could be an important contributor with a more constructive environment and mainly, with lower nominal interest rates expected as the Brazilian central bank continues on its easing cycle.
Lastly, we work to leverage our partnership with Ares. One of the aspects that we found the most appealing in our partnership with Ares was the possibility to have several interactions with their management and commercial teams to seek best-practice enhancements, potential co-investment opportunities, to work on asset origination and product development.
All of this on top of distribution efforts to raise additional capital to our funds and to distribute Ares products in Brazil. So far, we had dozens of interactions between management teams across all our private market strategies, IP&S, corporate advisor, commercial teams, and VRS.
We have been mapping for each of the strategies, what are the opportunities to allocate capital and where we can find synergies on the investment side and on the fundraising side. In the short term, we will tackle fundraising efforts for VCP IV and VICC, which are the main flagships we are working on fundraising at the moment; and collaborate with Ares to leverage cross-LP relationships.
We see substantial upside for fundraising across other strategies, and one of those would be SPS. We are very excited for SPS IV and see some interesting upside to our new vintage with the Ares team as our partners. We will keep you posted as we advance on those fronts throughout the year.
Before diving deeper into market framework for 2024, I would like to highlight the pivotal role of our data and macroeconomic research teams. In the second half of 2023, we experienced in Brazil a temporary impact on real interest rates following the challenging macroeconomic environment in the US and a bump in medium-to-long-term real rates for treasury bonds.
This period was marked by market speculation about the Brazilian central bank's stance on the forthcoming easing cycle. Our in-house macroeconomic research team highlighted the transient nature of these fluctuations, which allowed our investment strategies to take advantage of the market dislocation. We believe having a top-tier strategy team is a key foundation to a successful asset management firm.
As I conclude my remarks, I wish to share our insights on market expectations and their implications to Vinci. Last year, the discussion in global markets revolved around rising interest rates. But now, we find ourselves in an environment where expectations are for an impeding easing cycle globally.
The debate has evolved to timing and intensity of these declining rates and the tone of monetary policy. This move will likely positively impact financial markets around the world. It's noteworthy that Brazil is ahead of the global curve in the easing cycle and has already implemented five rate cuts, with rates decreasing from 13.75% to 11.25%.
It's worth mentioning that Brazil's trade surplus is poised to increase even further in the years ahead. The additional gains will likely come from a significant upward trend in oil production and exports. This structural change will drive a substantial positive impact on exchange rates and therefore, inflation, helping to restrain it and paving the way for deeper interest rate cuts.
This will potentially be an important driver to a long-term easing cycle, which could become more aggressive than currently anticipated by the market, leading to further GDP growth. This outlook is excellent for assets, both private and public, and substantially positive to drive meaningful relocation in alternative asset classes, as we saw in the 2016-to-2021 cycle.
When we combine these elements with a commitment to comply with the Brazilian fiscal framework, we see enormous potential for the economic landscape, which would mean a constructive environment across all strategies. As overnight rates revert to single digits, the landscape for investors is shifting, prompting a quest for diversification to fulfill their financial objectives.
Another important positive note worth mentioning is that last week, a new measure has been approved restricting new issuance of tax-free CDs backed by agriculture and real estate assets, which had been absorbing a significant amount of flows. In recent years, the Brazilian asset management industry has suffered with substantial outflows, with a considerable part migrating to tax-free CD products issued by local banks.
The new measure aims to restrict the type of tax-free CDs that can be issued and also increase minimum liquidity requirements for these instruments. Market expectations anticipate the cancellation of 30% of new issuances.
This opens opportunity to expand allocations to riskier investments, attracting flows back to the asset management industry. Throughout the years, we have diligently constructed a robust platform featuring a complete array of alternative products tailored to meet the needs of our clients.
We are confident that as they transition away from fixed income unfolds, Vinci is strategically positioned to capture substantial market share. With that, I will turn it over to Bruno to go over our fundraising efforts and pipeline.

Bruno Zaremba

Thank you, Alessandro, and good afternoon, everyone. I would like to begin my remarks reinforcing what Alessandro mentioned earlier in the call.
Vinci had another strong quarter fundraising for private markets. Momentum is picking up, and we are excited with the prospects for the year ahead.
First, let me provide some color on two important closings held in the fourth quarter. Our shopping mall REIT, VISC, held another closing this quarter. VISC raised BRL875 million through an oversubscribed public follow-on offering closed in mid-December.
When you add to the previous offering held in late September, the fund added BRL1.2 billion in perpetual AUM for Vinci in a three-month span. We raised this amount backed up by a diverse investor base comprising retail, institutions, and other funds, underscoring the strong demand for this type of product when facing favorable market conditions.
The capital raise not only solidified our leadership position in the REIT market, but also enhanced portfolio diversification. We closed our follow-on offering with seven advanced prospect acquisitions to fully deploy the capital, of which two were already closed. The real estate market is full of opportunities to deploy capital, and we should go back to the market to capitalize on and seize these opportunities.
The other important close was in our infrastructure strategy. Back in late 2022, we announced that the federal government had selected Vinci to manage the sustainable regional development fund or FDIRS. Given the fund's complex structure, we spent the year discussing details and specifics for the mandate. And we carried out the transfer in December.
FDIRS will start with roughly BRL1 billion in AUM and has room to grow over the years, both by appreciation and new commitments by the federal government. We are proud to be the partner of choice for such an important product to Brazil's sustainable infrastructure landscape.
The fund will work on three different fronts: first, structuring concessions and PPP projects helping state and municipalities to bring their infrastructure projects to an auction to raise private capital; second, implementing guarantee instruments, which can be carried out through participation in guarantee funds; and third, directly investing in infrastructure investment funds.
Each investment scope above carries different types of fees. For instance, we are eligible to charge some success fees over the structuring of infrastructure projects that are acquired in an auction. The magnitude will depend on the size of each project.
As a regular fee base, we will have a management fee over the committed capital. That should be the main revenue stream in the short term. We will keep investors up to date as we structure these operations and other revenue streams take place.
On a general note, this fund is key to consolidate our position as a leader in infrastructure investments in Brazil. This is another important step in a segment that has substantial room to scale over the next few years.
To conclude the quarterly updates on private markets, I would like to highlight the following. Our climate-oriented fund in infrastructure, VICC, closed a few commitments in the end of the year, reaching 75% of its fundraising targets.
Another noteworthy achievement is that VICC has officially attained Article 9 compliance. To put this into perspective, only a selected few funds worldwide meet the standards set by Article 9. This is a truly remarkable milestone for us.
The Article 9 stamp has a direct effect over our fundraising efforts, allowing us to access other pools of capital. Several investors from Europe and the US demand the highest standards from climate-oriented funds before committing their capital. We are thrilled to be among these few funds.
Moving on to VCP IV, we also closed a few commitments towards the end of the year. The fund had a stellar semester. Adding up the third-quarter closings with XP, we raised close to $1 billion over the last six months, mostly backed by local investors.
VCP IV is officially the vintage within the VCP strategy, with the biggest absolute commitment coming from locals. This was crucial to the fund's fundraising success and bodes well to allocation into future vintages.
Now, let me provide some details regarding our fundraising target for private market funds. As most of you know, during Investor Day, we updated our fundraising target to BRL15 billion until the year-end 2024. And as Alessandro mentioned, this is a key area of focus for us this year.
Since the beginning of the cycle in mid-2022, we raised more than BRL8 billion for private market products, backed by products such as VCP IV, VICC, and others. We accomplished that facing a challenging worldwide scenario to raise capital for close-end products.
During this period, Vinci's proprietary wide and diverse distribution capabilities was our greatest assets. With international investors pushing back to invest in close-end private products, we leveraged our local presence with LPs that exhibit strong appetite for these asset classes.
Going forward, we have a robust pipeline for privates in 2024. First, we'll work on final closings for VICC and VCP IV. VICC is close to the target, and we are experiencing traction with international investors that have shown strong appetite for climate-related products. We should see final commitments coming over the next few quarters.
For VCP IV, we will expand our efforts with international players. The size and timing of this final round of investments will depend on these allocations. Based on recent interactions, we are seeing a more constructive environment than past quarters. We also work alongside Ares to understand if there are LPs with whom we could work in partnership to boost this final round of commitments.
Moving on to the next piece of the puzzle. As we discussed on our last earnings call and also during Investor Day, we will start fundraising for new vintages of additional strategies at some point during the first semester.
The first will be Vinci SPS' new vintage, SPS IV. We have started testing the waters over the last few weeks, and we are excited with the prospect for this fund. The track record for the last three vintages is stellar, with Funds 1 and 2 posting attractive DPI to investors.
To provide you with some updates regarding the strategy and illustrate the success of our special situations vertical, the first vintage raised in 2018 is marked today at a 26% gross IRR. Towards the end of 2023, we successfully exited the fund's largest asset, originally a non-performing loan acquired from a bank.
We executed our collateral, a real estate asset, and concluded sale in the fourth quarter. The proceeds of that sale represent 40% of the investor's total commitment in the fund, which will be fully returned until the end of the first quarter of 2024. With that, the fund should achieve a 1.3 times DPI.
Fund 2, launched in 2020, has anticipated its divestment period into 2023 and has already returned over 55% of total commitments to investors, underscoring the ongoing success of the strategy across all of its vintages. The last vintage of SPS strategy was raised in 2021, with more than BRL1 billion in committed capital.
That fund has already called 65% of the total capital commitments and allocated it across 20 assets. The fund has exposure to five different sub-strategies and holds a broad array of opportunities in pipeline to continue to deploy capital in coming quarters, especially in legal claims, litigation finance, and secondary corporate loan acquisitions.
SPS raised this fund relying mostly on their proprietary relationship with high-net-worth individuals. Now, we have Vinci's extensive distribution capacity to different pools of capital. And we are seeing strong demand as we have been introducing this strategy to our LPs, especially when it comes to international investors.
The second initiative we will start to fundraise in 2024 is VIR V, the fifth vintage in our impact and return strategy. The previous vintage raised BRL1 billion in 2020. And it's also performing well, already divesting from assets and returning capital to LPs.
Lastly, we plan to launch VFDL II, our second vintage for our development strategy within real estate. We are working to divest from assets from the first vintage to enroll in fundraising conversations for the second.
Compared to VIR V and SPS IV, VFDL II should come back to market on the second half of the year. To wrap up our fundraising prospects for private market products in 2024, we should see, first, new commitments for the Vinci Credit Infra strategy and our credit strategy coming from both local and international investors.
We are active on this fund mostly in 2022, having raised BRL1.4 billion during that period. We will continue fundraising for the strategy this year.
And second, new offerings for the REITs. VISC was just the first of our funds to come back to market. We expect that with a scenario of lower interest rates, there will be an important window for new issuances for the public-related REITs.
We currently have seven of them waiting for the right timing. On a last note, it's worth mentioning that we are always looking for new product development opportunities, which could come up throughout the year.
To close my remarks, let me provide for an update for the liquid portion of our business. Throughout the fourth quarter, we experienced the effects of mark-to-market appreciation, which is anticipated to result in a higher fee level as we move into 2024.
However, we are still trailing to see some positive impacts from flows, both in IP&S and public equities. We do not expect any substantial inflows until nominal interest rates become more constructive at single-digit levels. We still suffer from the trade-off between still high overnight returns and the diversification into riskier asset classes.
Another relevant effect, mostly on IP&S, is the real interest rate level. Last time we experienced strong pickup in flows and new mandates, long-term real rates were around 4%. In order to see the same traction, we need real rates to stabilize at a level at least in the low 5s.
Please note that we will continue to show significant resiliency in our liquid AUM. Several players suffered from huge redemptions throughout the last two quarters. And Vinci remained protected against a very negative market backdrop. We are reaping the benefits from a strategy that we adopted a long time ago, proprietary distribution channels with a close relationship with our clients.
With that said, private markets should continue to set the tone in 2024, with liquids and IP&S being potential upsides over the second half of the year. And with that, I'll turn it over to Sergio to go through our results.

Sergio Passos

Thank you, Bruno. Let's start by covering management and advisory fees. Fee-related revenues totaled BRL119 million in the quarter, up 14% on a year-over-year basis.
Management fees were flat on a year-over-year basis, yet they exhibit a positive growth trend going forward. Upon closer examination, private market management fees were up 11% year over year, backed by strong fundraising over the last 12 months.
This growth was partially offset by liquid strategies and IP&S. Both faced challenging market conditions that led to a decrease in management fees on a year-over-year basis. As previously mentioned by Bruno, we should see a pickup of the short-term for liquid strategies revenues, given the AUM appreciation occurred in the later part of the year.
Moving on, advisory fees were the main driver behind fee-related revenues' growth on a year-over-year basis. In recent years, our corporate advisory segment has been diligently engaged in refining the de-origination process, resulting in a diversified exposure across various sectors. This strategic initiative is designed to mitigate risk across different economic cycles, positioning us strategically to capitalize when favorable market conditions arise.
Currently, M&A market is gaining momentum as market conditions improve. Our corporate advisory team successfully surpassed our BRL30 million annual target for advisory revenues. And we believe to be in a great position to repeat its success in 2024.
Turning to FRE results, in the fourth quarter, FRE totaled BRL57.3 million or BRL1.07 per share, representing a 14% year-over-year increase on a per share basis. Looking at the annual figures, FRE reached BRL208.4 million or BRL3.85 per share, up 11% on a per share basis.
FRE continues to grow, pushed by the strong fundraising of private market products and a higher level of advisory fees. Disregarding our investment in VRS, private market comprises more than 60% of Vinci's FRE in 2023.
When we IPOed the company in January 2021, private market's last 12-month FRE was BRL85.2 million and scaled up to BRL134.1 million in 2023, showcasing a 57% increase. These numbers reflect the success of our ongoing efforts to scale our private market business. This represents a high-quality FRE growth, backed by long-term lock-ups in AUM and a higher fee rate.
When we discuss trends for FRE going forward, we should continue to post healthy numbers as we develop our fundraising pipeline in private markets. We expect new subscriptions coming over the next few quarters for both VICC and VCP IV, that will contribute via catch-up effect but also with recurring revenues.
In addition, as Bruno mentioned on his remarks, we have a robust pipeline of new vintage with SPS IV and VIR V, additional to the REITs and other funds that should boost FRE in 2024. Now, let me spend some time covering expenses.
Margins remained stable on a full-year basis. As we have been discussing over the past quarters, we were actually focused on cost consciousness in 2023, actively seeking efficiency across the entire platform.
It's important to mention that although inflation in 2023 was under control, the inflationary pressure on expenses last year reflected upon inflation levels from 2022. Our cost control proved its efficiency, preventing a meaningful growth in G&A expenses.
To finalize my remarks on expenses and margins, I would like to reinforce the following. We have a well-developed platform ready to leverage growth.
To illustrate with an example, our real estate team concluded two consecutive offerings for our shopping mall REIT, VISC, adding roughly BRL1.2 billion in perpetual AUM without adding hardly any costs. With that said, with a successful fundraising cycle for private market products in 2024, aligned with a more constructive scenario in IP&S and liquid strategies, we could experience margins improvements towards the end of the year.
Shifting to PRE results, performance fees remain at a relatively modest level, influenced by the recent turbulence in global and local markets, that has adversely affected portfolio appreciation. As Alessandro previously highlighted, there are positive signals of stability emerging in global markets, which bodes well for potential future performance recognition. Please note that we have approximately BRL17 billion in performance-eligible AUM across IP&S and liquid strategies.
Covering our private market funds, gross accrued performance fees reached close to BRL300 million in the fourth quarter. As we divest from assets and return capital to our limited partners, we should see a significant impact coming from this front, starting in late 2025.
To wrap up, I would like to cover our distributable earnings. Adjusted distributable earnings totaled BRL64 million in the fourth quarter of 2023 or BRL1.18 per share, up 17% year over year on a per share basis, boosted by a combination of higher FRE and realized gains in our liquid portfolio.
On an annual basis, adjusted distributable earnings totaled BRL246 million or BRL4.54 per share, flat on a year-over-year basis. It's important to note that Vinci has BRL1.1 billion in proprietary capital commitments to private market products, with approximately BRL400 million already called.
The remaining capital commitment is invested in our liquid portfolio. We anticipate a more significant flow of this capital into the private funds starting 2024 onwards, as the funds call for capital. This anticipated reduction in our liquid portfolio, combined with the expected easing cycle in Brazil, will have an impact to our financial income in 2024 when compared to 2023, in which we hadn't called much of the capital from the GP commitments, and interest rates were at the high of this cycle.
Therefore, moving forward, we expect moderation in our realized financial income line, which should once again show strong contribution later in the cycle, as commitments into private funds are returned as realized GP income. We have talked about this effect at length during our Investor Day.
With that, I'd like to close our remarks and open the call for questions. Once again, I would like to thank you for joining our call. Please, operator, you can proceed with the questions. Thank you.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

(Operator Instructions) William [Bollingard], Itaú BBA.

William Bollingard

Good night, everyone. Thank you for your time and for the presentation. My question here is directed to REITs. Thinking about the fundraising scenario in 2024, can you give us more color of when to expect new trenches, if it should be more concentrated in the first or the second half of the year?
And then a second question here is still in the same topic. And perhaps, this is more regarding the 2025 outlook and onwards. So if the tax regulations for income tax for REITs they change in Brazil, and from now on, investors need to pay taxes on the dividends of the [FEEs] of the REITs. So I would like to understand how should this impact expected future fundraising and the attractiveness of the product.

Alessandro Horta

Okay, William. That's Alessandro. Thank you for your question. I will start with the timing of new issuances on the REIT side. As we have several different REITs, as taking the example of VISC that we raised around BRL1 billion in the end of 2023, it's difficult to predict exactly when we'll go back to the market with that.
We normally go with one product at a time, of course, to concentrate the efforts of fundraising in one product at a time. But to expect that will be well distributed throughout the year, so we do not have a specific date or quarter that we expect more issuances.
But of course, as the easing cycle develops, so the interest rates goes down, the appealing for these products for the general public will grow. So normally, our expectation is that as the year progress and the interest rates continues to go down, we have more issuance towards the end of the year than the beginning because of the level of interest rates.
And regarding your consideration about possibility of change in terms of a taxation of the fund, my personal view is that that will affect more people that will come into the market for the first time, doing the first IPO of fund then follow on. The change in taxation of -- the rise in the bracket of tax will affect more the price of the REIT itself, not necessarily the fundraising going forward. That's my view.
That could affect the market as a whole in terms of adapting the IRR net to the new taxation, more than really affecting future fundraise that will be automatically adapt in terms of the yields that we will require for the seller when we are acquiring assets from the REIT. Okay.
So what I'm trying to say is that the cost of capital for the overall market in real estate will go up if there is the case of a change in the taxation for this product.

William Bollingard

That is great. Thank you for the explanation.

Operator

Ricardo Buchpiguel, BTG Pactual.

Ricardo Buchpiguel

Hello, everyone. I have two topics I wanted to ask. First, we saw a very good recovery in terms of public equity net inflows. You guys reached a very important mark of BRL1 billion in inflows and that during an environment where interest rates were very high.
So I wanted to understand if it makes sense to expect this BRL1 billion in inflows as a floor and progressively improve over the next quarter, or should it be kind of a one-off? And mainly, in the second half of the year, we should see kind of higher numbers more towards the billions in the public equity side.
And also, I wanted to understand a bit that -- despite the very strong advisory fees that are registered in Q4, reaching almost BRL20 million in top line, I wanted to understand, what should be a more recurrent level for the advisory business going forward, especially in 2024? Thank you.

Bruno Zaremba

Okay, Ricardo. Thanks for the question. This is Bruno.
So in regards to equities, we actually saw in 2023 kind of a flattish inflow environment. It was actually a little bit positive, but it wasn't very material. What we did have in the fourth quarter was a material appreciation impact in the AUM.
So thinking about the inflows, the situation is kind of stable at this point at least. We're still seeing kind of stable equities inflows. IP&S continues to be a little bit down. It's the same environment that we saw in the last several quarters, with equities kind of stable and IP&S in terms of flows a little bit down.
So as we mentioned during the call, we expect this to turn at some point in the second half, likely with nominal interest rates reaching a number close to single digits. We believe that could be an important trigger.
And historically, when you look at our performance in the past, when that happens, usually, we see very strong flows in both equities and IP&S. So hopefully, this is a second-half event for us that will allow us to start growing those business a little bit quicker.
But the appreciation impact last year was relevant when you combine equities with IP&S. And I think Alessandro is going to take the advisory question.

Alessandro Horta

Thank you, Ricardo. I think regarding your question, it's a very good question, indeed, about revenues coming from advisory. We have been discussing and what we are seeing now is that, really, our advisory business changed in terms of the level of recurrent fees.
I think during these last few years, we have been seeing very, very repeated clients and a lot of reference from former clients. So I think our franchise, of course, being a very straightforward execution franchise, especially on the M&A side, but we have been able to capture some additional market share in this whole M&A market.
So our expectation is that our recurrent fees regarding advisory will really reach a new level. So I think we could take an average of what we did in 2023 and take into consideration that we really changed the, I'd say, the penetration of our franchise due to the pipeline that we currently have in future and current mandates, where we believe that will materialize in revenues in the future quarters.

Ricardo Buchpiguel

Very clear. And given what you mentioned in terms of the inflows for liquids, all the private market fundraising you have, and this improvement in the advisory business, does it make sense to think about an FRE growth of around 15% for this year, more or less?

Bruno Zaremba

Ricardo, I think, I mean, when we look at our internal budgets, we are positive for the year 2024, if everything goes well. Because we have several different opportunities to grow the business. I think double-digit growth, certainly, is possible, given all the things that we have at our table at this point.

Ricardo Buchpiguel

Great, thank you.

Operator

Beatriz Abreu, Goldman Sachs.

Beatriz Abreu

Hi, Alessandro, Bruno, and Sergio. Good evening and thank you for taking my question.
I have two questions, if I may. The first question is regarding fee-related expenses for VRS. So you had a significant increase in expenses for the segment in the fourth quarter.
My question is, how much more do you expect to invest in this segment? And what kind of expenses are there more to do in terms of personnel or related to the product itself? Also, do you still expect VRS to break even this year, given the pace it's been evolving?
And my second question is regarding your M&A strategy. If you can give us more color on how you're thinking about potential M&A and organic growth, especially given the recent investment that you got from Ares. Those will be my questions. Thank you very much.

Alessandro Horta

Hi, Beatriz, thank you for your questions. That's Alessandro. In terms of VRS, what started to happen in the last quarter of the year is that we started to amortize part of, I'd say, the investment, especially in technology. So I think that was the first quarter that we had this effect.
So since the beginning of the project, we started investing and have running costs. And on this last quarter, we started to amortize. So what we saw in our financial statements is exactly this effect. We do not expect to invest more. I think the platform is evolving.
We are seeing a very good, I'd say, outlook for VRS. So I personally believe that at the end of this year, we will have a running rate that could be already on the breakeven side. So 2024 is an important year for VRS for different reasons.
But especially, all these changes on the tax system in Brazil, it's benefited a lot, the retirement type of products, as you know. So we are very, very optimistic about that. And so at the end of the year, we believe that we could be reaching something near the breakeven. And the investment is exactly what I explained to you.
Concerning the M&A side, we continue to be very, very active on the M&A. And things are developing. We have two main, I would say, paths in terms of M&A that we are pursuing right now. One is our international expansion, especially for Latin America. So we are currently analyzing, as we told you in the last few quarters, a few opportunities.
And at the same time, we are looking specifically for asset managers, especially, that are focused in just one asset class. Normally, that will have a presence or a very small presence or a reasonable presence that could add not just a [WAM], but also capability to our platform.
We have a pipeline that's strong on that sense. And we believe that we will, probably, have some of these deals that we analyzed concluded in the near future.

Beatriz Abreu

Perfect. Thank you so much, Alessandro.

Operator

Leandro Leite, UBS.

Leandro Leite

Good evening, everyone. Congrats on the results, and thank you for the call.
So my question, perhaps the more qualitative one, is regarding the interactions with the Ares team. You already talked about a bit on the new vintage in the SPS IV. But if you, please, could talk about how conversations are going, strategic plans, and what we can expect throughout the year.

Bruno Zaremba

Leandro, thank you for the question. This is Bruno. The Ares partnership so far has been excellent. I think we're making progress in several different fronts. This week, we have several of our people in the United States visiting the offices of Ares.
Just to give you some examples, we had Carlos Eduardo, the Co-Head of Private Equity. He went to the Los Angeles headquarters of Ares. We had Marcelo Mifano, the Head of our SPS Special Situations Unit, also in Los Angeles. Pedro Quintela, who runs our international distribution business, was in both offices, New York and Los Angeles.
So we're really very engaged with them, talking about all of the potential opportunities for us to develop with them. There are certainly some that are more meaningful and have more potential impact in the short term.
We're working with the team there to find which would be the more interesting products for us to represent them in Brazil across our investor base. So there are several interesting products that we can show to our investor base in Brazil that people that want to allocate -- both institutions and high-net-worth individuals that want to allocate capital outside of the country.
There is, obviously, the opportunity for us to work alongside with them on improving the relationship with common LPs and perhaps, some LPs that they have that might have interest in strategies in Latin America, with whom we can discuss allocation to our products.
And finally, there's a very strong effort to originate opportunities -- to invest together. So we have a pipeline in infrastructure, private equity, special situations credit, where we feel there is fit for Ares to co-invest with us. We're starting to analyze that opportunity. And hopefully, by the end of the year, we're going to have one or two of those opportunities turning into real co-investment situations.
So it's a very broad conversation. The interactions there are becoming more pulverized. And the teams are getting to know each other. And that's probably going to speed up the opportunity set for us and for the partnership.
But we're extremely happy with what we have been able to accomplish with them so far. So things are looking very promising for the next few years.

Leandro Leite

That's great. Thank you, Bruno.

Operator

Guilherme Grespan, JPMorgan.

Guilherme Grespan

Thank you so much, Alessandro, Bruno, Sergio. Two questions on our side. The first one is IP&S.
If you can remind us a little bit what we should expect going forward in terms of outflows. Specifically, just remind us if this is a specific client or if it's a broader outflow related to the pension, given interest rates, et cetera. Just to see how we model going forward the vertical.
And the second question is related to performance fees, basically, on the two sides; first, equities. If you can remind us how far you are from the water marks on the funds. And if you believe it can be a relevant driver of performance going forward.
And on the private side, we noticed a pretty strong unrealized adjustment. I think it was 40% growth in the unrealized performance fees. The question is basically if there was any specific event or basically what drove this increase. Thank you.

Alessandro Horta

Okay, thank you very much. And that's Alessandro. I'll start with IP&S. IP&S, the outflows is concentrated more on the clients that distribute through retail, through our allocators, and distributors channel.
And this is more related with the high interest rates and the outflows, our suspicion that some of them went to tax-exempt CDs, incentivized by this tax issues that, recently, the government closed some doors. But this is not a specific client, not necessarily pensions, but more retail products that we have in our IP&S strategy.
Regarding equities, to your question, we are close -- very close on the majority of the funds to the high-water marks. So yes, we could expect that to be a more relevant driver in terms of performance going forward if the market continues to behave appropriately.
And finally, the unrealized number is related to a mark-to-market to our VCP III fund, where it's a relevant fund. And we had the recent re-evaluation of the portfolio. And that translated in uptick in the marks that, of course, on the end, translate in a more higher expected unrealized performance numbers.

Guilherme Grespan

Okay, super clear. Thank you, Alessandro.

Operator

Thank you. I would now like to turn the floor back to Mr. Alessandro Horta for the closing remarks. Please, Mr. Horta, you can proceed.

Alessandro Horta

So I would like to thank you again for your continuous support and interest. We believe that 2024 will be a very important year, where we'll expect to accelerate our growth while, again, showing our resilient and well-constructed business model.
So thank you again, and have a good night to you all.

Operator

This does conclude today's presentation. We thank you all for participation, and wish you a very good evening.